Ecological relationships - Campbell High
Transcript of Ecological relationships - Campbell High
Ecological relationships
Today (9/25) we will…
Do notes on ecological relationships
Start our symbiosis project
Ecological relationships
Ecological relationships describe the interactions between and among organisms within their environment.
Ecological relationships
Fitness – ability of a population to survive and reproduce in its environment.
Affected by physical traits and
behaviors
Adaptation
The successful physical traits and behaviors (fitness) are inherited by the offspring of organisms.
Industrial melanism in the peppered moth
The peppered moth is preyed upon by various birds.
Lichen-covered trees camouflaged their white bodied moths, not black bodies ones.
Air pollution in the 19th century killed the lichen, turning trees black.
The white moths became easy targets; black moths less so.
Black moths survived on, had higher fitnesslevels in that specific environment.
Interactions between organisms
Predation – One wins, one loses. One species benefits, the other suffers.
Ex: Lions eating buffalo.
Ex: Giraffe eating leaves of tree.
Interactions between organisms
Competition – When multiple species vie for the same, limiting resource.
Lowers the fitness of both. Net decrease in availability of limited resource.
Ex: Squirrel and birds both fighting over limited resource – the nut the squirrel is holding
Interactions between organisms
Mutualism – Everyone wins. Benefits both species.
Ex: This lichen is an algae
and fungus together. Algae
provides fungus with nutrients,
gains protection in return
Interactions between organisms
Commensalism – One species benefits, other unaffected.
Ex: Buffalo flushes out insects
in ground. Birds eat insects.
Buffalo doesn’t benefit, bird
does.
Interactions between organisms
Parasitism – One species benefits, other is harmed.
Ex: Wasp lays eggs on caterpillar.
Eggs hatch, they eat the
caterpillar. Wasps benefit,
caterpillar is harmed.
Parasitic wasps
Critical thinking
Come up with an example of each interaction between organisms with your group! I’ll call on random people in 3 minutes.
Predation
Competition
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
Starting your symbiosis project
Determine the type of poster you’ll make
Either Mutualism, Parasitism or Commensalism
Research 3 types of these examples and describe them
Explain your chosen symbiotic pairings (all 3) and type it out in a paragraph.
Draw/attach pictures on a poster representing all 3 of your symbionts.
Additional project things
Make sure to cite in APA format
Attach at least one picture of each organism as examples of the symbiotic pairing
APA format
Contributors' names (Last edited date). Title of resource. Retrieved from http://Web address for resource
Authors names (edited date). Title. (date retrieved) Website.
Example:US Department of Commerce, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. “Is Sea Level Rising?” NOAA's National Ocean Service, 27 Oct. 2008, oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/sealevel.html.
That’s all for APA! You’ll need to use it in college extensively.