Eclipse Platform Product Description Rev_011

ECLIPSE PLATFORM

Rev.011PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

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TM

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Copyright & Terms of UseJuly 2014This Product Description incorporates capabilities supported under SW release 08.00plus selected capabilities targeted for near-term release.

Copyright 2014 by Aviat Networks, Inc.All rights reserved.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in aretrieval system, or translated into any language or computer language, in any formor by any means, electronic, magnetic, optical, chemical, manual or otherwise,without the prior written permission of Aviat Networks Inc.

WarrantyAviat Networks makes no representation or warranties with respect to the contentshereof and specifically disclaims any implied warranties or merchantability or fitnessfor any particular purpose.

Further, Aviat Networks reserves the right to revise this publication and to makechanges from time to time in the content hereof without obligation of Aviat Networksto notify any person of such revision or changes.

TrademarksAll trademarks are the property of their respective owners.

ECLIPSE PLATFORM PRODUCT DESCRIPTION

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Customer SupportSales and Sales Support:

For worldwide office locations go to http://www.aviatnetworks.com/contact-us/-locations-worldwide/

For sales information, contact one of the Aviat Networks headquarters, or find yourregional sales office at http://www.aviatnetworks.com/contact-us/sales/

Corporate Headquarters

North Carolina, USA

International Headquarters

SingaporeAviat Networks, Inc.5200 Great America ParkwaySanta ClaraCA 95054U.S.A.

Phone: +1 408 567 7000Fax: +1 408 567 7001

Aviat Networks (S) Pte. Ltd.17, Changi Business Park Central 1Honeywell Building, #04-01Singapore 486073

Phone: +65 6496 0900Fax: + 65 6496 0999

Service and Technical Support:For customer service and technical support, contact one of the regional Technical HelpDesks listed below, or for 24/7 (all day, every day of the year) there is the Global Tech-nical Help Desk (GTHD).

The GTHD number is: +1-210-526-6345, or toll free 1-800-227-8332within USAl For 24/7 access you will need your Support Assurance PIN. Without a PIN you

will still receive support, but the support process will require an additionalscreening step.

l After-hours calls to Paris are routed to the GTHD. The Paris number is mannedduring business hours.


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Americas Technical HelpDesk

EMEA Technical Help Desk Asia Pacific Technical HelpDesk

Aviat Networks5200 Great America ParkwaySanta Clara CA 95054U.S.A.

Aviat Networks4 Bell DriveHamilton InternationalTechnology ParkBlantyre, Glasgow, ScotlandG72 0FBUnited Kingdom

Aviat NetworksBldg 10, Units A&BPhilexcel Industrial ParkM. Roxas Hi-wayClark Freeport ZonePhilippines 2023

Toll Free (Canada/USA): 800227 8332Phone: 210 561 7400Fax: 210 561 7399

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Phone: +63 45 599 5192Fax: +63 45 599 5196

[email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Or you can contact your local Aviat Networks office. Contact information is availableon our website at: http://www.aviatnetworks.com/services/customer-sup-port/technical-assistance/


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Table of Contents

Copyright & Terms of Use 1Customer Support 2Table of Contents 4Eclipse Packet Node Product Description 9Introduction To Packet Node 10

Unique Operational Features 10Capacity Maximized 12Solution Optimized 12MEF Certified 14

Platform Elements 15Indoor Units 15Plug-ins 16DAC 3xE3/DS3M 21

Platform Architecture 25Data Packet Plane plus Backplane 25Platform Essentials 26Slot Assignments 27Backplane Bus Operation 28

Radio Frequency Units 29ODUs 29IRU 600 30

Protection Options 31Power Supply 33

INU and ODU 33INU and IRU 600 34Power Consumption and INU Load Maximums 34NEBS Compliance 41

Antennas 41Link Capacity, Throughput and Latency 42

DPP and Backplane Traffic Assignment 42STM1 + E1 Wayside Assignment 44

Fixed (non-adaptive) Modulation 44RAC 60E/6XE Fixed-only Modulation Profiles 44RAC 30v3 Modulation Profiles 47

Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) 48Adaptive Modulation (AM) 49Coding 50Modulation Change Criteria 52Reference Modulation 54


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RAC 60E/6XE Capacity, Throughput, Latency 55L1 versus L2 Throughput 64

IFG and Preamble Suppression 64TDM Latency 66

TDM Latency: Fixed-Only Modulation 67TDM Latency: ACM 68TDM Card Latency 69Example Latency Calculations 70

Licensing 72Node-based Capacity Licensing 72Feature Licensing 73

Feature Overview 73Upgrade Licenses 76

Plug-in Cards 77Overview 77NCCPlug-In 79

NCCUser Interfaces 80Compact Flash Card 81

FAN Plug-In 81RAC Plug-Ins 82

RAC 30v3 Plug-In 83RAC 60E/6XE Plug-Ins 84

DAC Plug-Ins 86DAC 4x Plug-In 87DAC 16xV2 Plug-In 88DAC 3xE3/DS3 Plug-In 93DAC 3xE3/DS3M Plug-In 94DAC 1x155o, DAC 2x155o Plug-Ins 98DAC 155oM and DAC 155eM Plug-Ins 99DAC 2x155e Plug-In 110DACGE3 Plug-in 111

NCM Plug-in 126NCM Front Panel 127

AUX Plug-In 127Auxiliary Interfaces 128Alarm I/O Interfaces 130AUX Front Panel 131

NPCPlug-In 131PCC Plug-In 132

ODUData 135ODU Overview 135

5.8 GHz Unlicensed Band 137ODU Accessories, Cables and Cable Kits 138Lightning Arrestor 139Waveguide Flange Data 140Construction and Mounting 140


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Outdoor Branching Unit 142IRU 600 Data 146

IRU 600 Features 146Frequency Bands 147Radio Frequency Units (RFU) 149Antenna Coupling Unit (ACU) 150Version Compatibility 151RFU Tx Power Calibration 152Power Supply 152ACU Losses 153ACUWaveguide Flange Data 154IRU 600 Configurations 154

ATPCOperation 158Benefits of ATPC 158ATPCOperation 158Interference and ATPC 159

RSL and SNR Interoperation 159Setting ATPC 160FCC Implementation 160

Ethernet Operation 163QoS 163Storm Control 165Buffer Memory Management 166Link Aggregation 168

Layer 2 Link Aggregation 170Layer 1 Link Aggregation (L1LA) 173VLANs 178DACGE3 VLAN Options 179

Synchronous Operation 179Synchronous Ethernet 180IEEE 1588v2 181Eclipse Clock Management for Synchronous Ethernet 181Eclipse Clock Transport over Radio Links 184Enhanced PDH Clock Transport: ART Re-Timing 189Eclipse Native Mixed Mode Links 190

Ethernet OAM 190Fault Management 191Performance Monitoring 193

Protected Operation 195Hardware and Radio Path Protection 195

Link Protection Options 196Ring Protection - E1/DS1 Loop-switch 200Ring Protection - Super PDH (SPDH) 202

SPDH Rings 202SPDH Ring Operation 204

Ring Protection - Ethernet 208


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ERP 208RSTP 209

DAC/Tributary Protection 211DAC/Ethernet Protection 213

DPP Protection 213Protected/Stacked Operation 213

Protection Switching Criteria 220Switching Guard Times 220Revertive SwitchMode 221Hot-standby and Diversity Switching Criteria 221Dual Protection Switching Criteria 225E1/DS1 Ring Protection Switching Criteria 226DAC Protection Switching Criteria 228

NCCProtection with NPCOption 231Co-path Operation 232

Antennas for CCDP 234XDM 234

XPIC RACOperating Guidelines 235DPP Operation 236Backplane Bus Operation 236CCDP Settings, Protection, and ATPC 237

Example Co-Path Configurations 239CCDP Configurations 239OBU Configurations 242

STM1+1E1 Operation 249RAC 60E or RAC 30 1+0 Operation 250RAC 6XE CCDP 1+0 Operation 2511+1 Hot-Standby or Space Diversity Operation 252

Secure Operation 253Secure Management 253

User Management 255Security and Log Management 256

RADIUS Client 258Payload Encryption 259

Alarms Action Operation 261Orderwire Options 262

VoIP Orderwire 262Digital Orderwire 263

PCR Operation 264Networking and Management Tools 266

Addressing and Routing 266Address Representation 267Overhead Transport of NMS 267In-band Transport of NMS 268NMS Transport over 3rd Party Links 269

Portal 269


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PCRequirements 270Portal TCP and UDP Port Usage 271Portal Auto Version 271Portal PC to Eclipse Connection Options 271Log-in Security 272Eclipse Online Help 272Portal Features 272

ProVision 273Network Management 274Element Configuration 274ProVision Feature Summary 274

Diagnostics 277System Summary 277Event Browser 278Alarms 279

Alarms Action 280History: RACs 281History: Ethernet 282Performance 283

Link Performance 284NCCPerformance 285E1 Trib Performance 285Ethernet Performance 286

System/Controls 289Safety Timers 289Link Options 289DACOptions: PDH and SDH 291DACOptions: Ethernet 294AUXMenu 298Loopback Points 299

Parts Screen 300Advanced Management 301

Index 302


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Eclipse Packet Node Product DescriptionThis product description introduces the features and capabilities of Eclipse PacketNode with its split-mount and all-indoor transceiver options.

Updated June 2014 for Eclipse GA 8.

Refer to the following sections:l Introduction To Packet Node on page 10l Platform Elements on page 15l Link Capacity, Throughput and Latency on page 42l Licensing on page 72l Plug-in Cards on page 77l ODUData on page 135l Outdoor Branching Unit on page 142l IRU 600 Data on page 146l ATPC Operation on page 158l Ethernet Operation on page 163l Protected Operation on page 195l Co-path Operation on page 232l STM1+1E1 Operation on page 249l Secure Operation on page 253l Alarms Action Operation on page 261l PCR Operation on page 264l Orderwire Options on page 262l Networking and Management Tools on page 266l Diagnostics on page 277

Aviat Networks is ISO90001:2008 and TL9000 Certif ied. Fullcertif ication means all departments and business units withinAviat Networks have been strictly assessed for compliance toboth standards. It testif ies that Aviat Networks is a certif iedsupplier of products, services and solutions to the highest ISOand Telecommunication standards available.


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Introduction To Packet NodeEclipse Packet Node is designed to provide comprehensive solutions for all wirelessnetwork needs. From basic point-to-point connections through to complete backhaulnetworks for broadband HSPA, WiMAX or LTE, Eclipse offers broad, flexible, cost-effi-cient solutions.

Refer to:l Unique Operational Features on page 10l Platform Elements on page 15

Unique Operational FeaturesA high-speed data plane in conjunction with adaptive coding and modulation (ACM)provides highest nodal packet processing capabilities, highest link throughputs, andlow latency.l Support for up to six links from one compact indoor unit.l Split-mount on licensed bands 5 GHz to 38 GHz.l All-indoor on licensed bands 6 GHz to 11 GHz.l All-indoor on the 5.8 GHz FCC and Industry Canada unlicensed band.l QPSK to 256 QAM adaptive coding and modulation (ACM) to optimize channel

usage and throughputs.l Comprehensive support for new IP and existing TDM services with easy

migration from TDM to mixed-mode Ethernet+TDM, and ultimately to all-Ethernet.

l Co-channel operation with XPIC, to achieve double density links in a singlefrequency channel.

l Ultra capacity trunked operation for throughputs to 3+ Gbit/s using c0-pathsplit-mount 4+0, 4+4, 8+0, or 8+8, single antenna or dual antenna (spacediversity) links.

l Ethernet ring and mesh network protection with carrier-class ERP, and RSTP.l Synchronous Ethernet with clock selection and fallback options.l Extensive Ethernet traffic management capabilities, including scheduling,

policing, VLAN tagging, buffer management, storm control.l Ethernet service OAM.l Layer 1 and Layer 2 link aggregation options.l Advanced packet processing to increase Ethernet throughputs across the radio

link.l TDM ring protection mechanisms; loop-switch and ring-wrap.l Payload encryption, secure management, and RADIUS client options.l Power efficient design.


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l NEBs Level 3 environmental compliance.l Exceptional craft and network-wide management tools for configuration,

operation, and administration.

Figure 1-1. INU with ODU 600

Figure 1-2. INUe with IRU 600v3

Figure 1-3. Outdoor Branching Unit (OBU) with ODUs for 4+0 Operation


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Capacity MaximizedNodal IP traffic capacity extends to 3+ Gbit/s.l Individual airlink capacities (link capacity available for Ethernet and/or TDM)

extend to 318 Mbit/s for a 50 MHz link; 366 Mbit/s for a 56 MHz link.l L2 throughputs extend to 310 Mbit/s for 50 for a MHz link; 355 Mbit/s for a 56

MHz link (1518 byte frames).l L1 throughputs (port utilization speed) extend to 400 Mbit/s for a 50 MHz link;

463 Mbit/s for a 56 MHz link (64 byte frames).l Capacities/throughputs are doubled per frequency channel using CCDP/XPIC.l Capacities/throughputs are extended to 4x or 8x using L1LA and the OBU for

co-path CCDP, ACAP and/or ACCP channel arrangements.l Individual user interfaces support up to 1 Gbit/s (L1).

Solution OptimizedInnovative transport options coupled with solutions for sending more data over exist-ing channel bandwidths ensure efficient, cost-effective provision of services. Cap-abilities include all-IP or mixed-mode operation, Ethernet-over-TDM, adaptivemodulation, CCDP/XPIC link operation, 4x or 8x trunked operation, Ethernet L1 orL2 link aggregation, and IP synchronization solutions.

All IPWhether from new or from existing TDM or mixed-mode installations Eclipse PacketNode provides an uncompromising suite of features and functions for all-IP operation.Operation is centered on a full-featured switch with features that include synchronousEthernet, traffic scheduling, policing, VLAN tagging, advanced buffer management,ring protection, service OAM, and much more.

Mixed ModeHybrid mixed-mode operation transports native Ethernet side-by-side with TDM. Itmeans Ethernet can be overlaid on a TDM network to meet rapidly growing datademands, with existing network synchronization maintained via the TDM con-nections. Investments in existing TDM infrastructure can be maximized, and the risksassociated with the introduction of Ethernet minimized.

Adding Ethernet to an Eclipse radio link simply requires installation of a GigE card,at which point an operator can locally or remotely configure the capacity split betweenEthernet and PDH - Ethernet can be activated when and where needed in the networkwith minimal disruption.l The ratio of link capacity assigned between Ethernet and TDM can be changed

at any time.l Changing from mixed-mode Ethernet+TDM to all-Ethernet only requires a

configuration change. All link capacity is simply directed to Ethernet, and theTDM interface card(s) removed, leaving native Ethernet radio with capacity,


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flexibility and IP intelligence the match of any IP-only radio. There is no loss oftransport efficiency when a mixed-mode link is ultimately migrated to all-IP/Ethernet.

Ethernet over TDMLegacy TDM links can be retained using Ethernet over TDM. It means wholesalereplacement of TDM links can be avoided or delayed when migrating to an all-IP back-haul.l Ethernet data is transported over one or more intermediary legacy NxE1/DS1,

NxDS3, or STM1/OC3 links.l Synchronization integrity is maintained via the TDM clock.

Adaptive ModulationEclipse AM operates as ACM (Adaptive Coding and Modulation) to provide two mod-ulation states for each of the four modulation rates to maximize modulation stepscalability.

CCDP/XPICExisting channel occupancy is doubled using CCDP with XPIC (Co-Channel DualPolarized / Cross Polar Interference Cancellation). XPIC effectively eliminates inter-ference from one link to the other.

Ultra Capacity Trunked Solutions

Compact and low-cost trunking to 8+0 or 8+8 becomes a reality using the EclipseOBU for split-mount co-path links.

Link AggregationEthernet Layer 1 or Layer 2 link aggregation combines traffic from two or more co-path links onto one user interface.l L2 link aggregation is IEEE 802.1AX compliant for static and dynamic (LACP)

use. Fixed modulation applies on radio links.l L1 link aggregation applies on radio links for adaptive or fixed modulation.

Synchronization SolutionsEclipse supports Synchronous Ethernet or TDM-based distributed sync. ART (AirlinkRecovered Timing) or EDS (Eclipse Distributed Sync) are used to transport the clockreference over radio links.l Multiple clock sources can be installed under Synchronous Ethernet to provide

fallback should the primary source fail or become impaired. SSM (SynchronousStatus Messaging) is used to provide information about the quality level ofclocks throughout the network.

l ART clock transport quality meets G.8262 limits.o ART requires RAC 60E or RAC 6XEo SSM is supported


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l EDS clock transport quality meets G.823/824 limits1.o Operates with RAC 30v3 and legacy RACso SSM is not supported

IEEE 1588v2 packet-based sync solutions are transported transparently.

Ethernet Ring Network ProtectionRing protection is available using industry-standard ERP or RSTP.

TDM Ring Network ProtectionTwo ring protection mechanisms are available for E1/DS1 networks, Loopswitch andSuper PDH.l Loopswitch operation employs redundant traffic streams on a bi-directional

ring. Traffic at a node is received from both redundant streams and a localselection is made on which direction to use.

l Super PDH operation uses a ring wrapping process on east/west facing primaryand secondary rings. With a failure on the primary, traffic is looped onto thesecondary ring at one side of the break point, and off at the other side, tobypass the break.

Network ManagementCraft and network management tools for comprehensive and user-friendly con-figuration, monitoring, administration and maintenance.

Strong SecurityExtensive strong security options for management authentication, access, and pay-load protection.

Certification to FIPS 140-2 is scheduled.

Eclipse has the scalable capacity, IP network intell igence,redundancy, and key convergence features required for allwireless access and backhaul needs. There is no need tochange up to a new platform during the migration processmeaning upgrade risks are eliminated, upgrade costs min-imized, and value-add is maximized.

MEF CertifiedEclipse Packet Node meets the requirements of MEF 9 and MEF 14 for carrier-classEthernet inter-operability and performance. MEF 9 specifies the User Network Inter-face (UNI). MEF 14 specifies Quality of Service (QoS).

1An enhanced version of EDS is available from SW release 7.5, which operates with legacy RAC 60/6X to providea clock transport quality meeting G.8262 limits, with SSM support.


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Platform ElementsThis section introduces the indoor units, their architecture, plug-in cards, RFUs,power supply requirements, and antennas. Refer to:l Indoor Units on page 15l Plug-ins on page 16l Platform Architecture on page 25l Radio Frequency Units on page 29l Protection Options on page 31l Power Supply on page 33l Antennas on page 41

Indoor UnitsThere are two indoor units, the INU and INUe (extended INU). The INU is a 1RUchassis, the INUe 2RU.

Mandatory plug-ins are the NCC (Node Control Card) and FAN (Fan card). Theoptional plug-ins comprise RAC (Radio Access Card), DAC (Digital Access Card),NCM (Node Convergence Module), AUX (Auxiliary) and NPC (Node Protection Card).

Each ODU/RFU is connected by a single coax cable.

INUThe INU has four option slots for plug-is. It supports a maximum of three non-pro-tected links, or one protected/diversity link and one non-protected link.Figure 1-4. INU

INUeThe INUe has ten option slots. It supports up to six non-protected links, or three pro-tected/diversity links.


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Figure 1-5. INUe

Plug-insPlug-in cards enable quick and easy service customization. All cards are hot-plug-gable.

This section overviews the cards and their functions. For moredetailed data see Plug-in Cards on page 77.

Platform support is maintained for all legacy plug-in cards.These include RAC 60, RAC 6X, RAC 30A, RAC 3X, RAC 40, RAC4X, DAC ES, DAC GE, DAC 16x (v1).

RACs support the radio modem function. In the transmit direction they take digitaltraffic from the backplane or data packet plane and convert it to an IF signal for con-nection to a radio frequency unit (RFU); an ODU for split-mount operation, orIRU600 for all-indoor. The reverse occurs in the receive direction.l One RAC/ODU or RAC/IRU 600 combination is used for a 1+0 link.l Two RAC/ODUs or two RACs with one 1+1 IRU 600 are used for hot-standby,

diversity, or co-path links.l RACs control TX switching and RX voting on protected / diversity links.l Different RACs support different capacity and modulation options, including

ACM (adaptive coding and modulation).l XPIC (cross polarization interference cancellation) RACs support CCDP (co-

channel dual polarization) operation.

DACs support the user interface. They take the user traffic and convert it into aformat compatible for connection to a RAC or RACs, or to other DACs.l The GigE DAC GE3 switch features advanced QoS, VLAN tagging, link

aggregation, synchronous Ethernet, service OAM, ring protection with ERP orRSTP, 1+1 redundancy, and buffer management.

l TDM DACs support E1/DS1, E3/DS3, or STM1/OC3 connections.l Multiplexer DACs support transport of STM1/OC3 or E3/DS3 using NxE1/DS1

link connections.l Most DACs can be protected using a stacked (paired) configuration.


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l E1/DS1, DS3, and STM1/OC3 DACs support Ethernet-over-TDM options toenable Ethernet transport over legacy TDM radio or leased-line links.

NCM supports the E1/DS1 loop-switch capability.

AUX (Auxiliary card) supports async or sync service-channel connections, and alarmI/O options for connection to external devices.

NCC (Node Controller Card) provides the Node management and DC voltage con-version functions. It is a mandatory card.l It manages node operation and event collection and management.l It incorporates a router function for local and remote network management

interconnection.l Node configuration and licensing data is held in flash-memory.l Required power supply is -48 Vdc.

FAN (Fan card) provides forced-air cooling. It is a mandatory card.

NPC (Node Protection Card) provides 1+1 protection on essential NCC functions.

PCC (Power Conversion Card) supports operation from a +24 Vdc power supply.

The following figure illustrates the nodal concept, the range of plug-in cards, and theirfunction.Figure 1-6. Backplane Data Bus and Plug-in Cards


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RAC 60ERAC 60E supports DPP (Data Packet Plane) operation, ACM (Adaptive Coding andModulation), and synchronous Ethernet clock transport using airlink recovered timing(ART) .

The DPP port enables direct routing of Ethernet traffic to a DAC GE3; it bypasses thebackplane. Traffic, Ethernet and/or TDM, can also be directed via the backplane, asfor other Eclipse RACs.

ACM supports four dynamically switched modulation rates; QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM,256 QAM. Coding options additionally apply on each of these modulations, one formaximum throughput, one for maximum gain, to provide a total of eight modulationstates.l Maximum throughput delivers maximum data throughput - at the expense of

some system gain.l Maximum gain delivers best system gain - at the expense of some throughput.l Up to four (any) of the eight modulation states offered with ACM can be

selected for use.l Modulation switching (state change) is errorless for priority traffic.l Individual ACM modulation rates can be set as fixed rates. These are

complemented by fixed-only rates for selected TDM capacities.

Node-based licensing is required for DPP operation and a fea-ture license is required for ACM. See Licensing on page 72.

ETSI channel bandwidths extend from 7 to 56 MHz. ANSI from 3.5 to 80 MHz.

Air-link capacities extend to 366 Mbit/s, 100xE1, 127xDS1, 4xDS3, 2xSTM1/OC3.

The ART capability provides high quality clock transport over Eclipse links for Syn-chronous Ethernet networking.l A DAC GE3 to DAC GE3 Synchronous Ethernet connection using ART for clock

transport over radio links meets G.8262 limits.l ART consumes no traffic bandwidth.

Payload encryption is supported as a licensed option.

RAC 60E interfaces to an ODU 600, ODU 600sp, ODU 300hp, or IRU 600.

A RAC 60E can link to a RAC 6XE in non-CCDP mode.Figure 1-7. RAC 60E

RAC 6XERAC 6XE adds CCDP/XPIC operation to the RAC 60E capabilities.


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Two RAC 6XE cards are operated as a CCDP pair, either in the same INU or in sep-arate co-located INUs, to enable two radio links to operate in the same frequency chan-nel, one using the horizontal polarization, the other the vertical polarization. TheXPIC function between the RACs effectively eliminates cross-polarization interference.Figure 1-8. RAC 6XE

RAC 30v3RAC 30v3 interfaces to an ODU 600, ODU 600sp, or ODU 300hp/ep for channel band-widths up to 28 MHz (ETSI) or 30 MHz (ANSI) for capacities of:l 10 to 150 Mbit/s Ethernetl 5x to 75xE1l 4x to 100xDS1l 1x, 3x, 4xDS3l 1xSTM1/OC3

Where transport of E3 rates is required, the DAC 3xE3/DS3M is used in E13 mode tomultiplex E3 data to NxE1 over the radio link.Figure 1-9. RAC 30

DAC GE3DAC GE3 is an advanced Gigabit switch. Capabilities include synchronous Ethernet,link aggregation, VLAN tagging, service OAM, ERP, RSTP, superior packet bufferingand queuing, 1+1 card protection.l Three RJ-45 10/100/1000Base-T portsl Two multi-purpose SFP ports with plug-ins for:

o Optical LC, 1000Base-LX, 1310 nm single-modeo Optical LC, 1000Base-ZX, 1550 nm single-modeo Optical LC, 1000Base-SX, 850 nm multi-modeo Electrical RJ-45 10/100/1000Base-T

l Six transport channel (TC) portsl Comprehensive QoS options

o 802.1p mappingo DiffServ mapping (IPv4, IPv6)o MPLS Exp bits mappingo Strict priority scheduling


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o Deficit Weighted-Round-Robin (DWRR) schedulingo Hybrid strict + DWRR schedulingo Eight transmission queues

l Direct data packet plane (DPP) connection to RAC 60E/6XEl Policing, TrTCM with color blind and color aware optionsl Advanced options for VLAN tagging, including Q (802.1Q), QinQ (802.1ad),

Translation, Filteringl Synchronous Ethernet with Stratum 3 hold-over performance on timing

subsysteml L1 link aggregation on fixed or adaptive modulation linksl L2 LAG, static, or dynamic (LACP)l Service OAM (802.1ag connectivity fault management, Y.1731 fault management

and performance monitoring)l Ring/ladder network protection options: ERP or RSTPl Superior burst management with advanced buffer solutionsl Storm controll Jumbo frames to 10 Kbytes bi-directionall 1+1 card protectionl Inter-frame gap (IFG) and preamble stripping and re-insertion

l RMON stats per port, channel, and queue

l In-band NMS

Figure 1-10. DAC GE3

For DPP operation a DAC GE3 must be used with a RAC 60E/6XE.

NCMThe NCM (Network Convergence Module) provides an E1/DS1 loop-switch capability.l Ring nodes have access to two redundant traffic streams, one for data input

(insert), one for output (drop).l Data inserted into the drop tributary is transmitted on both redundant streams

to provide a bi-directional ring. Similarly data is received on both redundantstreams and a local selection is made on which direction to use.

l Switching can be set for revertive or non-revertive.l Up to 5oE1/63DS1 drop/inserts per INU/INUe.l NCM directly supports 8 drops. Additional drops are enabled using DAC 16xV2

or DAC 4x.l Link connections can be protected; 1+1 or diversity for RAC links; 1+1 for DAC

mux card links.l NCM cards can be 1+1 protected.


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For more information see Ring Protection - E1/DS1 Loop-switch on page 200.Figure 1-11. NCM

DAC 16xV2DAC 16xV2 supports:l 16xE1 or 16xDS1 tributaries on compact HDR connectors.l Tributary protection.l Ethernet over unframed E1/DS1 tribs. An Ethernet-over-TDM feature license

required.l 75 ohm unbalanced or 120 ohms balanced on E1 tribs.l Individual line code selection for AMI or B8ZS on balanced 100 ohm DS1 tribs.

Figure 1-12. DAC 16xV2

DAC 4XDAC 4x supports 4xE1 or 4xDS1 tributaries on individual RJ-45 connectors.Figure 1-13. DAC 4X

DAC 3xE3/DS3DAC 3xE3/DS3 supports 3xDS3 tributaries on paired mini-BNC connectors1.Figure 1-14. DAC 3xE3/DS3

DAC 3xE3/DS3MDAC 3xE3/DS3M has four operational modes:

1E3 airlink rates are not supported. To transport E3 tribs over a radio link use theDAC 3xE3/DS3M in E13 mode.


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l Normal DS3 tributary operation (as for DAC 3xE3/DS3)l E13 multiplexer mode. One or two E3 interfaces are multiplexed to an NxE1

backplane.l M13 multiplexer mode. One or two DS3 interfaces are multiplexed to an NxDS1

backplane.l 34 Mbit/s transparent E3 mode for video (MPEG) transport. One or two

transparent E3 tributaries are each mapped to a 34xE1 backplane.l DS3 Ethernet mode to transport up to 43 Mbit/s Ethernet over legacy TDM

radio or leased-line links (links must support transparent DS3). An Ethernet-over-TDM feature license is required.

Tribs are accessed on paired mini-BNC connectors.Figure 1-15. DAC 3xE3/DS3M

DAC 2x155eDAC 2x155e supports two STM1/STS3 electrical tributaries on paired BNC connectors.Figure 1-16. DAC 2x155e

DAC 1x155o and 2x155oDAC 1x155o supports one STM1/OC3 single-mode optical tributary on SC connectors;DAC 2x155o supports two tributaries.Figure 1-17. DAC 2x155o

DAC 155oMDAC 155oM multiplexes an STM1/OC3 optical tributary to an NxE1 or NxDS1 back-plane. Plug-in SFP transceivers provide access for 1310 nm single-mode (long or shortrange), or 850 nm multi-mode.

It functions as a terminal multiplexer; it terminates or originates the STM1/OC3frame. It does not support interconnection of ADMs as there is no provision to trans-port STM1/OC3 overheads for ADM to ADM synchronization.


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In virtual tributary mode it transports up to 130 Mbit/s Ethernet over an STM1/OC3link.

Options are provided for external/recovered, or internal clock sourcing.

DAC 155eMDAC 155eM multiplexes an STM1/STS3 electrical tributary to an NxE1 or NxDS1 back-plane. An SFP transceiver (included) provides the electrical interface. The connectortype is coaxial DIN 1.0/2.3, 75 ohm. Typical maximum cable length is 100m.

It functions as a terminal multiplexer; it terminates or originates the STM1/STS3frame. It does not support interconnection of ADMs as there is no provision to trans-port STM1/STS3 overheads for ADM to ADM synchronization.

In virtual tributary mode it transports up to 130 Mbit/s Ethernet over an STM1/STS3link.

Options are provided for external/recovered, or internal clock sourcing.

AUXAUX provides synchronous and/or asynchronous auxiliary data channels, NMS port-ing, and alarm input and output functions. Data options are sync at 64 kbps or asyncto 19.2 kbps.

NCCThe NCC is a mandatory plug-in for an INU/INUe. It performs key node managementand control functions, and provides various internal dc rails from the -48 Vdc input.It incorporates a plug-in flash card, which holds Node configuration and license data.

Where NEBS compliance is required the external power line filter option must beinstalled.


24 AVIAT NETWORKS

FANThe FAN is a mandatory plug-in. There are 2RU and 1RU versions. Each is fitted withtwo long-life axial fans plus monitoring and control circuits.l One 1RU FAN is fitted in an INU.l One 2RU FAN is fitted in the INUe (INUe will also accept two 1RU FANs).

Where NEBS compliance is required a fan filter option is installed.

NPCNPC provides redundancy for the NCC TDM bus management and power supply func-tions.

Where NEBS compliance is required the external power line filter option must beinstalled.Figure 1-18. NPC

PCCThe PCC provides a voltage conversion function. It converts +24 (19 to 36) Vdc to -56Vdc for connection to the INU -48Vdc input. -56 Vdc represents a typical float voltagefor a battery-backed -48 Vdc supply.

Load rating is 200 Watts in an air-conditioned room (max 25oC); 150 Watts in a non-air-conditioned environment.


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 25

Platform ArchitectureThe flexible customization for traffic type, traffic capacity, traffic protection, and sup-port for advanced IP data bridging and management are key elements of EclipsePacket Node.

A universal modem design is used to transport data natively over Eclipse wirelesslinks - it does not distinguish between the type of data to be transported. WhetherEthernet or TDM, the data is simply mapped into byte-wide frames to provide a par-ticularly efficient and flexible wireless transport mechanism.

This section describes the data plane and backplane, INU/INUe slot location andusage, and backplane capacity and cross-connects. Refer to:l Data Packet Plane plus Backplane on page 25l Platform Essentials on page 26l Slot Assignments on page 27l Backplane Bus Operation on page 28

Data Packet Plane plus BackplaneA high-performance data packet plane (DPP) is used for IP data, and a high-speedbackplane for circuit-connected TDM or TDM and Ethernet traffic.l The DPP is enabled through direct cable connection between the front panel

packet data port on Radio Access Cards (RACs) and associated Ethernet switchData Access cards (DACs).

l The backplane provides a high-speed bus connections for circuit-basedconnections between all Eclipse plug-in card options.

The result is optimized transport options for IP only or IP and TDM.l IP traffic is unconstrained by backplane maximums. One Eclipse Packet Node

supports up to six radio links, each to airlink maximums of 366 Mbit/s.l Circuit-based TDM traffic maximums extend to 100xE1, 127xDS1, 4xDS3, or

2xSTM1/OC3 per node and link. See Backplane Bus Operation below.l Capacity on individual radio links can be dedicated to IP traffic, IP + TDM, or

TDM only.

The figure below illustrates operation.l Packet plane ports on the RAC 60E and RAC 6XE directly connect to a DAC

GE3, which in turn provides direct user access. The same RACs also access thebackplane to source/send Ethernet and/or TDM data.

l Where required, customer data can also be sourced via the circuit-switchedbackplane, meaning both the DPP and backplane are used to source/sendtraffic.

l This has special relevance where native mixed-mode IP+TDM traffic is to besent over a Packet Node wireless link; GigE IP traffic is sourced via the DPP,and TDM traffic (or TDM and IP traffic) via the backplane. TDM-only links can


26 AVIAT NETWORKS

be migrated to mixed-mode Ethernet+TDM or to Ethernet-only simply byreplacing plug-in cards and reconfiguring the transport options.

l DPP operation requires a Node-based license.l RAC 60E/6XE support ACM (Adaptive Coding and Modulation). For more

information see Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) on page 48.

Note that under DPP operation a RAC 60E/6XE and its associated DAC GE3 do notneed to be installed in the same INU.Figure 1-19. Eclipse Packet Node DPP and Backplane

Platform EssentialsThe table below lists INU and INUe platform support for:l Non-protected and protected/diversity linksl Slot availability for option plug-insl Over-air data types supportedl RFU options

INU INU supports 3 non-protected links or 1protected/diversity and 1 non-protected linkSlots 1 to 4 support link or interface options for:- Ethernet, E1/DS1, E3/DS3, STM1/OC3- Auxiliary data and alarm I/O- NPC option may only be installed in slot 4


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 27

INUe INUe supports up to 6 non-protected links for:- 1 protected/diversity and 4 non-protected links- 2 protected/diversity and 2 non-protected links- 3 protected/diversity linksSlots 1 to 6 support link or interface options. Slots7 to 9 support interface options only.Interface traffic options include:- Ethernet, E1/DS1, E3/DS3, STM1/OC3- Auxiliary data and alarm I/OSlot 10 is reserved for NPC option

ODUs All ODUs QPSK to 256QAMODU 600: 5 to 42 GHz ETSI and ANSI, adaptive orfixedmodulation, licensed extended Tx poweroptionODU 600sp: 6 to 23 GHz ETSI, adaptive or fixedmodulation, licensed extended Tx power optionODU 300hp: 6 to 38 GHz, ETSI and ANSI,adaptive or fixedmodulationODU 300ep: 5 GHz, ETSI and ANSI, fixedmodulation only

IRU 600v3 IRU 600: QPSK to 256 QAM, 6 to 11 GHz ANSIlicensed bands, and 5.8 GHz FCC/Industry Canadaunlicensed bandFixed or adaptive modulation, 1+1 optimizedTwo variants: V2 and V3. Both incorporate a Txcoaxial switch for HSB andMHSB/SD operation.V2 is 3RU; V3 is 2RU.

Slot AssignmentsThe table below shows INU and INUe slot assignment options.

INU/INUe SlotsINU Slots 1, 2, 3, 4 are universal: any RAC, DAC,

NCM or AUX plug-inIf NPC is required it must be installed in slot 4NCC and FAN slots are dedicatedFor protected operation the RAC/RAC,RAC/DAC, or DAC/DAC pairings can be installedin any of the universal slots


28 AVIAT NETWORKS

INU/INUe SlotsINUe Slots 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 are universal: any RAC,

DAC, NCM or AUX plug-inSlots 7, 8, 9 are restricted: any DAC, NCM, orAUX, except DAC 155oM/eM and AUXwhereNMS access is required1

Slot 10 is reserved for NPC optionNCC and FAN slots are dedicated - the INUe issupplied standard with a single 2RU FAN,though accepts two 1RU FANsRAC/RAC, or RAC/DAC protected pairings mustbe installed in the positions indicated by thearrowsFor protected DACs, NCMs, the protectionpartners can be installed in slots 1 to 9, exceptfor the DAC 155oM/eM where NMS access isneeded, in which case install only in slots 1 to 6

Backplane Bus OperationAll cards (except PCC) plug into a backplane, which carries a high-speed parallel busto provide the cross-connect and end-to-end circuit connectivity for traffic channels,auxiliary data, NMS, and protection switching.

The backplane is set to operate in one of the following bus sizes:l Nx2 Mbit/s / NxE1l Nx1.5 Mbit/s / NxDS1l NxE3l NxDS3l Nx150 Mbit/s / NxSTM1/OC3l NxSTM1 + E1

These options enable node configuration for Ethernet, NxE1, NxDS1, NxE3, NxDS3,NxSTM1/OC3, or NxSTM1 + E1. Ethernet operation can be with or without companionTDM traffic.

The traffic-handling capacity limit of the backplane for each rate is:l 204 Mbit/s for an Nx2 Mbit/s or Nx1.5 Mbit/s settingl 300 Mbit/s for an Nx150 Mbit/s settingl 100 x E1 (204.8 Mbit/s)l 128 x DS1 (197.6 Mbit/s)l 6 x DS3 (268 Mbit/s)l 2xSTM1/OC3 (311 Mbit/s)l 2xSTM1 + E1 (312 Mbit/s)

1Internal (backplane bus) NMS access is only provided on slots 1 to 6.


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 29

DPP capacity is not constrained by backplane maximums. Eth-ernet data through a Packet Node extends to 2 Gbit/s, with indi-vidual RAC 60Es or RAC 6XEs configured for over-air capacitiesto 366 Mbit/s.

Protected RACs are interconnected by a diversity bus to sup-port the errorless Rx path switching (voting) capabil ity. Thisdiversity bus operates independently of the backplane bus andis not capacity dependent. (The diversity bus connections arewhy RACs must be installed in slot pairings 1&4, 2&5, 3&6 onan INUe).

Where a mix of different rates is required, such as NxE1 and STM1/OC3, a multiplexerDAC enables STM1/OC3 mapping to an E1-configured bus. In this way E1 andSTM1/OC3 interfaces are supported on the same INU without the need for a stand-alone SDH mux.

E3 user traffic is transported over the radio as 16xE1 using the DAC 3xE3/DS3M E13mux option.

Where Ethernet data is transported on the backplane, capacity is assigned in 2Mbit/s, 1.5 Mbit/s or 150 Mbit/s steps to align with the capacity needed for E1, DS1 orSTM1/OC3 waysides.

Radio Frequency UnitsAll RFUs incorporate the latest technology to optimize both system performance withlow power consumption and market-leading reliability.l ODUs are installed for split-mount operation.l Rack-mounting IRU 600s are installed for all-indoor operation (ANSI only).

Ambient temperatures must not exceed 550C (1310F).

ODUs

There are four variants: ODU 600, ODU 600sp, ODU 600T, ODU 300hp:l ODU 600 for high power and licensed flexible power mode (FPM) operation on

ETSI and ANSI bands 5 to 42 GHz. Also for operation on USA and Canada 5.8GHz unlicensed band (ISM band).power

l ODU 600sp for standard and licensed flexible power mode (FPM) operation onETSI bands 6 to 23 GHz.

l ODU 600T for use with the OBU (Outdoor Branching Unit). See OutdoorBranching Unit on page 142.

l ODU 300hp for ETSI and ANSI bands 6 to 38 GHz, high power.

Channel bandwidths range from 3.5 to 80MHz depending on the ODU, the band-plan, and the capacity/modulation option selected.


30 AVIAT NETWORKS

l ODUs are band specific and supplied with diplexers for Tx Hi or Tx Lo working.The one exception is ODU 600T at 6 GHz and above where Tx Hi or Tx Lo isuser selectable.

l ODUs for 5.8 to 42 GHz are designed for direct-antenna mounting, but can beremote mounted using a flexible waveguide antenna connection.

l ODU 600 for 5 GHz requires remote mounting, with coax cable connection to itsantenna.

l ODUs connect to its indoor unit by coaxial cable. Cable runs can be up to 300m/1,000 ft.

l ODUs are environmentally hardened to withstand extremes of temperature anddriven rain/snow.

l Equal-loss and unequal-loss direct-mounting couplers are available for hot-standby and frequency diversity single antenna operation (5.8 to 42 GHz).

l A direct-mount unit (XDM) supports two ODUs for CCDP/XPIC operation (6 to42 GHz).

l The OBU supports four ODU 600Ts for CCDP/XPIC, ACAP, and/or ACCPoperation (5 to 11 GHz).

l All ODUs include an internal lightning surge suppressor.

For more information see ODUData on page 135.Figure 1-20. ODU 600 Direct-Mounted on 300 mm (1ft) Antenna

IRU 600The IRU 600 is a compact rack-mounted transceiver unit for co-location with anINU/INUe as an all-indoor installation.

Operation is 1+1 optimized. It comprises one or two RFUs (radio frequency units),and a filter-based ACU (antenna coupler unit).l The filter-based ACU design supports paired and unpaired Tx/Rx frequency

splits and incorporates an optional expansion port to allow other radio linksonto its waveguide feed for co-path operation.


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 31

Protected/diversity options include:l 1+1 hot-standbyl 1+0 hot-standby-readyl Space diversity (dual antennas) with common or split Txl Frequency diversity (single antenna) or frequency diversity with space diversity

(dual antennas)

IRU 600 may also be used for 1+0 repeater (back-to-back) operation where the linksmay be in the same or different bands, and for 2+0 co-path ACCP, ACAP, orCCDP/XPIC operation.

Operation encompasses ANSI L6/U6, 7/8, 10, 11 GHz licensed bands, and the FCC /Industry Canada 5.8 GHz unlicensed (ISM) band.

IRU 600 is only supported from a RAC 60/6X, or RAC 60E/6XE.

For more information see IRU 600 Data on page 146.Figure 1-21. IRU 600v2 High Power

Figure 1-22. IRU 600v3

Protection OptionsThis section introduces the protection options for link, interface, network, and plat-form. For more detailed information see Protected Operation on page 195.

Link/Path ProtectionHot-standby, space diversity, frequency diversity, or dual protection options are avail-able.l All RACs and their companion ODU or IRU 600 are protectable.

Rx path switching is hitless/errorless; Tx switching is not hitless. Refer to:l Service Restoration Times for Hot Standby and Diversity on page 225l Dual Protection Switching Criteria on page 225

A remote Tx switch is forced in the event of a silent Tx failure. See Silent TransmitterSwitching on page 223.


32 AVIAT NETWORKS

Interface ProtectionEthernet, E1/DS1, E3/DS3 and STM1/OC3 interfaces can be hot-standby protectedusing paired (stacked) DACs.

The protectable DACs are DAC GE3, DAC 16xV2, DAC E3/DS3, DAC 3xE3/DS3M,DAC 2x155o, DAC 2x155e, DAC 155oM, DAC 155eM.

Y-cable and straight cable options are available to connect paired DACs to externalequipment.

For more information, see:l DAC/Tributary Protection on page 211.l DAC/Ethernet Protection on page 213.

Network Data Protectionl Ethernet ring network protection is supported on DAC GE3 using ERP (ITU-T

8032v2 Ethernet Ring Protection) or RSTP (IEEE 802.1w).l Ethernet data redundancy is supported on L1 and L2 link-aggregated links

(DAC GE3).l PDH ring protection is supported by an E1/DS1 loopswitch capability, or a ring-

wrap Super PDH (SPDH) option.

Ethernet Ring and Mesh NetworksERP uses standard Ethernet bridging and OAM protocols and OAM automatic pro-tection switching (APS) messaging to provide a fast-acting protection mechanism forring networks.

RSTP uses a development of the spanning tree protocol (STP) to prevent networkloops and provide path redundancy.

For more information see Ring Protection - Ethernet on page 208.

Ethernet Link Aggregation (N+0 Protection)Traffic redundancy is supported on co-path Ethernet links using L1 or L2 link aggreg-ation. If one link fails its traffic is recovered on the remaining link or links. While thereduced bandwidth may result in some traffic loss for low-priority traffic, appropriateQoS settings should ensure security for all higher priority traffic.

For more information see Link Aggregation on page 168.

PDH Ring ProtectionEclipse supports two E1/DS1 ring protection mechanisms, loop-switch and SPDH.l The loop-switch function uses the NCM to configure a bi-directional redundant

ring with a hitless switching capability. Rings can be configured using RACs,and PDH/SDH mux DACs.

l SPDH uses a ring-wrap mechanism formed on east/west facing RAC/RAC orRAC/DAC 155oM combinations. Switching is not hitless.


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 33

For more information see Ring Protection - E1/DS1 Loop-switch on page 200, or RingProtection - Super PDH (SPDH) on page 202.

Platform ProtectionPlatform management functions provided by the NCC are protected using the NPCoption. It backs up essential backplane bus and power supply functions.

See NCC Protection with NPC Option on page 231.

Power SupplyEclipse is designed to operate from a -48Vdc power supply. A +24 Vdc voltagecooption is available.

All Eclipse power supply units are polarity protected - an incorrect supply connectionwill not cause damage to the units or cause a fuse to blow.

DC power supplies for Eclipse must be UL or IEC compliant for SELV (Safety ExtraLow Voltage) output (60Vdc maximum limited).

Voltage changes due to the regulation of the power supply must not exceed a change-rate (linear variation slope) of 7 V/ms, as specified in TSI EN 300 132-2 V2.4.6.

Refer to:l INU and ODU on page 33l INU and IRU 600 on page 34l Power Consumption and INU Load Maximums on page 34l NEBS Compliance on page 41

INU and ODUINUs and ODUs are designed to operate from a -48Vdc power supply (+ve ground)but will operate to specification over a voltage range of -40.5 to -60Vdc. The groundpin (dc return pin) on the NCC and NPC D-sub 2W2 power connector is connected tochassis ground.

Power for the ODU(s) is provided over the RAC-ODU cable.

Operation from a +24 Vdc supply (+19 to +36 Vdc) is achieved using the optionalPCC plug-in.l The PCC converts +24 Vdc to -56 Vdc for connection the NCC (or NPC) -48 Vdc

input (-56 Vdc represents a typical float voltage for a -48 Vdc battery bank).l The -ve pin (dc return pin) on the PCC power input connector is isolated from

chassis ground - it is grounded by the power-supply ground.l Two PCCs are required for NCC + NPC operation - one for the NCC, one for the

NPC.


34 AVIAT NETWORKS

l The PCC is load-rated to 200 Watts in an air-conditioned environment(ambient max 25oC). See Power Consumption and INU Load Maximums onpage 34.

l For more information see PCC Plug-In on page 132.

INU and IRU 600As for the ODUs, -48Vdc (+ve ground) and +24 Vdc (-ve ground) power options aresupported by the IRU 600 RFUs.l The standard power IRU 600v2 is powered over the RAC-RFU cable (in the

same way as an ODU). For +24 Vdc operation the PCC plug-in is required (tworequired if an NPC is installed).

l The high power IRU 600v2 is powered by its RAC and additionally through afront-mounted D-sub 2W2 DC connector on each of the RFUs to provide theadditional current needed for high power operation. The connector is the sametype as used on the NCC and NPC.o High power RFUs incorporate a wide-mouth +/- 21-60 Vdc voltage converterunit (the +ve and -ve pins on the 2W2 power connector are isolated fromchassis ground). This means that no additional dc-dc converter is requiredfor the high power RFU - but a PCC is still required for the INU (tworequired if an NPC is installed).

For IRU 600v3 both standard and high Tx power RFU operation is supported fromthe same RFU under software/license control.l Power for standard and high Tx power operation is provided via the INU cable.

For +24 Vdc operation the PCC plug-in is required (two required if an NPC isinstalled).

l Power consumption is reduced when Tx power output is lowered. Applies toboth ATPC and manual control of Tx power.

The PCC is rated to 200 Watts at a maximum ambient of 45oC. Not more than fourODUs or three IRU 600 RFUs, plus any combination of RACs and DACs, can be sup-ported from an INUe powered from +24 Vdc. See Power Consumption and INU LoadMaximums on page 34.

Power Consumption and INU Load MaximumsTotal power consumed is dependent on the number and type of plug-in cards, thenumber and type of ODU(s) or IRU 600 RFUs, plus for the ODUs, the frequency band.

INU loading maximums (the number and type of RACs and DACs that can beinstalled in an INU), are determined by the load capacity and temperature limits ofthe DC converter in the NCC, which supplies various DC rails to the plug-in cards.l ODUs, IRU 600s and FANs are not powered via the NCC converter circuit,

meaning the ODU and IRU 600 type does not impact INU link loading. TheirDC supply is taken from the -48 Vdc power supply input connector.


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 35

However, if a PCC is installed for +24 Vdc operation, the INU cards and associatedODUs or IRU 600s are supplied from the PCC, meaning PCC power limits are determ-ined by the INU cards and by the number and type of ODUs or IRU 600s fitted.l A PCC should always be installed to receive maximum FAN cooling. This means

it should be installed in the immediate FAN-side slots in an INU/INUe.

Power ConsumptionThe table below lists nominal power consumption figures for Eclipse cards. Use thesetogether with the ODU or IRU 600 consumption figures in the following tables todetermine total nodal power consumption.

Data is also provided to determine ODU cable power dissipation. Data is for CNT 400and RG-8 type cables. For CNT 300, increase dissipation figures by 40%.

Nominal power consumption for the ODU 300ep (5 GHz) is 50 w.

Power consumption figures are for a -48 Vdc supply voltage at normal room ambi-ents.

Plug-in CardsTable 1-1. Typical Plug-in Power Consumption

Item Con-sumption

RAC30v3 8WRAC 60E 12WRAC 6XE 17WDAC 16xV2, 4x, 3xE3/DS3, 3xE3/DS3M 2.5WDAC 2x155o, 2x255e, 155oM, 155eM 4WDAC GE3 13WNCM 10WNCC 11WNPC 8WAUX 1WFAN 1RU 2WFAN 2RU 2W

ODU 600ODU 600 power consumption figures apply to both standard and high power oper-ation.

Table 1-2. ODU 600 Power Consumption

BAND Average PowerConsumption

W

Max Power Con-sumption W

6 GHz 50.2 59.27 GHz 49.5 59.48 GHz 49.9 59.6


36 AVIAT NETWORKS

BAND Average PowerConsumption

W


11 GHz 45.0 59.713 GHz 38.3 50.015 GHz 37.8 46.418 GHz 39.2 44.923 GHz 40.0 43.826-42 GHz 35.0 38.0

ODU 300hpTable 1-3. ODU 300hp Power Consumption

BAND Average PowerConsumption W


6 GHz 40.7 45.77 GHz 42.8 48.68 GHz 43.1 48.510 GHz 41.5 44.0111 GHz 34.6 38.013 GHz 30.9 37.115 GHz 29.8 35.918 GHz 22.2 25.623 GHz 24.3 27.028 GHz 25.0 28.132 GHz 25.1 27.538 GHz 29.2 31.6

ODU Cable Power DissipationThe data provided is for CNT 400 and RG-8 type cables. For CNT 300, increase dis-sipation figures by 40%.Figure 1-23. Nominal ODU cable Power Dissipation at -48v


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 37

IRU 600v2The table below lists typical power consumption figures for IRU 600v2.l For a standard power RFU, power is provided via its RAC - RFU cable (in the

same way as an ODU).l For a high power RFU, power is supplied via its RAC cable and additionally by

a front-mounted DC connector.

Table 1-4. Nominal IRU 600v2 Power Consumptions

Configuration Power Sourcedfrom INU

Power Sourcedfrom ExternalDC Connector

Total DCPower

1+0 Standard Power (1xRFU) 52W N/A 52W1+0 High Power (1xRFU 52W 38W 90W2+0 or 1+1 FD, Standard Power (2xRFU),IRU 600, IRU 600v2

104W N/A 104W

2+0 or 1+1 FD, High Power (2xRFU) 104W 76W 180W1+1 MHSB or SD, Std Power (2xRFU) 104W N/A 104W1+1 MHSB or SD, High Power (2xRFU) 104W 76W 180W1+1 MHSB or SD, Power save Mode (Off-line Tx Mute), Std Power (2xRFU)

82W N/A 82W

1+1 MHSB or SD, Power Save Mode (Off-line Tx Mute), High Power (2xRFU)

82W 42W 124W

IRU 600v3The table below lists power consumption figures for the 5.8/6 GHz band for QSPKoperation at maximum Tx power settings.l A common RFU is used for standard and high power modes. High power is

enabled through feature license. See Licensing on page 72.l For both standard power and high power operation, DC power to the RFU(s) is

provided from its INU/INUe via the RAC - RFU cable.l There is a small power consumption reduction on higher modulations (higher

modulations have reduced Tx power output maximums).l Power consumption is reduced as Tx power is reduced (either when enabling

ATPC or when manually configuring Tx power to a value below the maximumcapability).o High power and standard power operation realizes power consumptionsavings of approximately 5W when operated 3dB below maximum power,and approximately 15 W when operated 10dB below.

Table 1-5. Nominal IRU 600v3 Power Consumptions for QPSK at Max Tx Power

Configuration 5.8/L6Typical

5.8/6GHzMaximum

1+0 Standard Power (1xRFU) 58W 63W1+0 High Power (1xRFU) 63W 68W2+0 or 1+1 FD, Standard Power (2xRFU) 116W 126W2+0 or 1+1 FD, High Power (2xRFU) 126W 136W


38 AVIAT NETWORKS

Configuration 5.8/L6Typical

5.8/6GHzMaximum

1+1 MHSB or SD, Std Power (2xRFU) 116W 128W1+1 MHSB or SD, High Power (2xRFU) 126W 138W1+1 MHSB or SD, Power save Mode (Offline Tx Mute), Std Power(2xRFU)

106W 115W

1+1 MHSB or SD, Power save Mode (Offline Tx Mute), High Power(2xRFU)

111W 118W

Node Card MaximumsFigures are provided for the INUe and INU.

INUe Loading RulesThese loading rules apply from SW release 5.04, when used with standard and high-output NCC and NPC cards.

High INUe loadingCooling fan operating logic allows high card loadings, together with maximum ambi-ents to 55oC (131oF), or 45oC (113oF).l Maximized INUe loading requires installation of an NPC, and must be fitted

where specified below.o The NPC provides power supply load sharing with the NCC, allowing theoverall loading to be increased. Should the NPC fail, airflow from the 2RUFAN is increased to compensate.

l Extended FAN failure/impairment detection is included. For example, an alarmwill be raised on a reduction in fan speed (RPM), such as can occur as a resultof bearing wear/friction.

l The loading maximums are designed to ensure systems will continue to operatecorrectly in the event of failure of either the NCC or NPC.

Extended INUe loadingExtended loading is available through installation of high-output NCC and NPCcards. These cards have part numbers of EXN-003 and EXS-002 respectively.l These cards are required where node loading exceeds 120W.l The prior NCC and NPC cards, those with part numbers EXN-002 and EXS-001

respectively, must only be retained where node loadings do not exceed 120W.CAUTION:When planning the number and type of cards to be installed,the following rules must be observed. They apply retrospectively (backto software release 5.04).

INUe Loading Rules for Operation up to 55C (131F)The following loading rules must be followed when dimensioning the total power con-sumption of an INUe required to operate in ambient temperatures up to 55C (131F):l If the total power consumption of all cards installed exceeds 85W, an NPC must

be fitted, a 2RU FAN card must be fitted, and 5.04 or later SW loaded.


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 39

l With this configuration confirmed (NPC + 2RU FAN + 5.04 SW or later) themaximum INUe loading enabled is:o 12oW with NCC EXN-002 and NPC EXS-001.o 125W with high-output NCC EXN-003 and NPC EXS-002.o The installed total of DAC GE3 cards must not exceed four.

l If an earlier version of SW is loaded, the maximum INUe loading allowed is 85Watts. This applies whether or not an NPC and 2RU FAN are fitted.

CAUTION:55C (131F) operation does not apply to the PCC. Oper-ational ambient temperatures with a PCC installed must not exceed450C (1130F).

INUe Loading Rules for Operation up to 45C (113F)The following loading rules must be followed when dimensioning total power con-sumption of an INUe operating in ambient temperatures that do not exceed 45C(113F):l If the total power consumption of all cards installed exceeds 85W, an NPC must

be fitted, a 2RU FAN card must be fitted, and 5.04 or later SW loaded.l With this configuration confirmed (NPC + 2RU FAN + 5.04 SW or later) the

maximum INUe loading enabled is:o 12oW with NCC EXN-002 and NPC EXS-001.o 146W with high-output NCC EXN-003 and NPC EXS-002.o The installed total of DAC GE3 cards must not exceed four.

l If an earlier version of SW is loaded, the maximum INUe loading permitted is100W. This applies whether or not an NPC and 2RU FAN are fitted.

Typical compliant loading examples are shown below with 5.04 SW or later (48Vdcpower source).

Table 1-6. NCC EXN-002 with EXS-001, 45C (113F)Total Watts: 119 118 120 120Qty RAC 60E 6 0 0 6Qty RAC 6x 0 4 4 0Qty DAC 16xV2 0 1 2 0Qty AUX 0 1 0 1Qty NPC 1 1 1 1Qty NCC 1 1 1 1Qty FAN 1 1 1 1Qty DAC GE3 2 2 2 2

Table 1-7. NCC EXN-003 with EXS-002, 45C (113F)Total Watts 139 135 132 146Qty RAC 60E 2 4 4 0Qty RAC 6XE 4 2 0 4Qty DAC 16xV2 0 2 4 2Qty AUX 0 1 1 0


40 AVIAT NETWORKS

Qty NPC 1 1 1 1Qty NCC 1 1 1 1Qty FAN 1 1 1 1Qty DAC GE3 2 2 4 4

INU Loading RulesThe INU (1RU) chassis should not be loaded above the follow limits:l 65 watts total for operation up to 45Cl 50 watts total for operation up to 55C

Elevated ambient temperatures should be avoided. Ambientmaximums must not be exceeded. Over-temperature operationis a primary factor affecting long term component reliabil ity.

The ambient temperature is the air temperature in the imme-diate operating environment of the chassis, which if instal ledin a rack, is the ambient applying to its location within therack.

PCC +24 Vdc OperationThe PCC is for use with standard +24 Vdc (-ve grounded) battery-backed power sup-ply systems.l The PCC +ve and -ve input terminals are isolated from chassis (ground). The -

ve input is grounded by the -ve grounded power supply connection.l The PCC 20A fuse is fitted in the +ve input. It is a PCB mount type and is not

field replaceable.l Reverse polarity protection is provided. The PCC will automatically recover from

a reverse polarity connection - the fuse will not blow. Over temperature thermalprotection is included.

l Load rating is 200 Watts in an air-conditioned room (ambient max 25oC). Thisshould be de-rated to 150 Watts for non-air-conditioned.

l Operational ambient temperature must not exceed 450C (1130F).l The PCC conversion efficiency is nominally 90%. To determine the power

consumed by the PCC, use a figure of 110% of the power consumed by theINU/INUe cards and RFUs (ODU / IRU 600).

l When installed in an INUe the INUe should be fitted with the 2RU FAN moduleas it provides almost double the air flow of the 1RU FAN modules.

l The PCC can be plugged into any INU/INUe option slot, but should always beinstalled next to the FAN card to get best air-flow cooling.

l Where an NPC is fitted, two PCCs are required, one for the NCC, one for theNPC. This means an INUe must be used for NCC + NPC operation.

l Note that it is not connected to the INU backplane and its function is notmonitored within Portal.


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 41

NEBS ComplianceFor NEBS compliance an external DC power line filter option must be installed withan INU/INUe . It ensures Eclipse meets EMI requirements specified within TelcordiaGR-1089-CORE, Issue 4, June 2006.

The filter is 1RU tall, 140mm wide (5.5), and is supplied as a kitset comprising the fil-ter unit, bracket for left or right side rack mounting, and a short 2W2 to 2W2 cable forconnecting the filter unit to the NCC or NPC -48 Vdc inputs.l Where an NPC is fitted, two filter units are required, one for the NCC, one for

the NPC.l The standard power cable supplied with an INU or NPC is re-used as the power

input cable for the filter unit.

The high power IRU 600 is NEBS compliant - it does not require the power line filterunit.Figure 1-24. Power Line Filter with Bracket

AntennasAntennas for ODU direct mounting are available in diameters from 0.3m (1ft) to 1.8m(6ft), depending on the frequency band. These antennas are high performance, low pro-file shielded types and are supplied complete with a customized ODU mounting collarand feed-point.

A polarization rotator is included within the antenna collar, and direct-mountingequal or unequal loss couplers are available for single antenna protected operation.

Antennas for direct-mount CCDP/XPIC operation are from the Eclipse Edge-series.These have a circular waveguide feed-point and no ODU mounting collar. Instead theXPOL Direct Mount (XDM) attaches to the back of the antenna, and the two ODUsattach directly onto the XDM.

ODUs can also be used with standard antennas via a remote-mount kit and flexiblewaveguide.

Antennas for use with the IRU 600 are industry-standard, waveguide-port, high-per-formance types.

Antenna mounts are designed for use on industry-standard 115 mm OD (4.5 inch)pipe-mounts.


42 AVIAT NETWORKS

Link Capacity, Throughput and LatencyLink capacity, throughput and latency figures are provided for RAC 60E and RAC6XE.

Link capacity figures are provided for RAC 30v3

Radio link (airlink) capacity and bandwidth options are listed for fixed mod-ulation (RAC 60E/6XE, RAC 30v3) and adaptive modulation operation (RAC60E/6XE).l Airlink capacity is a measure of the payload capacity for Ethernet and/or TDM

traffic.

Ethernet throughput and latency is listed for fixed and adaptive modulation oper-ation using RAC 60E/6XE.l Data is provided for 64 byte and 1518 byte frames at L1 and L2, with and

without payload encryption.l IFG and Preamble suppression applies on radio link connections between DAC

GE3s to significantly improve throughput on small frame sizes.

TDM latency is listed for fixed and adaptive modulation operation, with andwithout payload encryption, using RAC 60E/6XE.

While this section focuses on individual l ink capacities anddata throughputs, Eclipse supports techniques to aggregate(combine) the capacity of two or more co-path links. For moreinformation see Link Aggregation on page 168, and Co-path Oper-at ion on page 232.

Refer to:l DPP and Backplane Traffic Assignment on page 42l Fixed (non-adaptive) Modulation on page 44l Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM) on page 48l L1 versus L2 Throughput on page 64

For fiber links using the DAC 155oM, refer to DAC 155oM and DAC 155eM Plug-Ins onpage 99 .

DPP and Backplane Traffic AssignmentRAC 60E/6XE support interconnection to/from other plug-ins via the DPP (Ethernetonly) and backplane (Ethernet and/or TDM).l RAC 60E/6XE support both fixed and adaptive modulation profiles.


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 43

For RAC 30v3 the backplane (Ethernet and/or TDM) is the only interconnectionmedium to/from other plug-in cards.l RAC 30v3 supports fixed modulation only.

DPP Traffic AssignmentDPP traffic bypasses the INU backplane to support aggregate Ethernet capacities to 1Gbit/s or higher. This is in addition to the backplane maximums.l DPP capacity is assigned directly between a RAC 60E/6XE and its companion

DAC GE3 in 1.5 Mbit/s, 2 Mbit/s, 45 Mbit/s, or 155 Mbit/s multiples.o The capacity multiple in use is determined by the bus-size setting.

l Traffic maximums are determined by the RAC airlink capacity - they are notconstrained by the backplane bus maximums.o ETSI airlink maximum is 366 Mbit/s (56 MHz, 256 QAM).o ANSI airlink maximums are 320 Mbit/s (50 MHz, 256 QAM) or 365 Mbit/s(80 MHz, 256 QAM).

l Multiple links can be configured from one INU/INUe, each to their airlinkmaximums.o Co-path links can be operated as CCDP/XPIC, ACAP, or ACCP pairs. See Co-path Operation on page 232 .

o Traffic capacity on co-path links can be link aggregated to a common userinterface. See Link Aggregation on page 168.

Backplane Traffic AssignmentBackplane bus-size settings determine the backplane fabric and the capacity multiplesused to configure a connection capacity. The settings are Nx2 Mbit/s / E1, Nx1.5Mbit/s / DS1, NxDS3 (TDM only), or Nx155 Mbit/s / STM1/OC3.

One INU/INUe supports backplane maximums of:l 204 Mbit/s/100xE1 for an Nx2 Mbit/s/E1 backplane selectionl 198 Mbit/s/128xDS1 for an Nx1.5 Mbit/s/DS1 backplane selection.l 311 Mbit/s/2xSTM1 for an Nx155 Mbit/s/STM1 backplane selection.

Mixed Mode DPP Plus Backplane Traffic AssignmentFor hybrid mixed-mode Ethernet+TDM links, DPP traffic (Ethernet only) and back-plane traffic (TDM and/or Ethernet) is assigned to a RAC 60E/6XE payload.l Link capacity assignment between Ethernet and TDM traffic is fully scalable

depending on the backplane bus-size setting. For example, for each E1 or DS1assigned via the backplane, 2 Mbit/s or 1.5 Mbit/s respectively is taken awayfrom the capacity available on the DPP.

l RAC capacity not assigned to backplane connections is default assigned to theDPP.

l Mixed mode operation is supported under both fixed and adaptive modulationprofiles.


44 AVIAT NETWORKS

STM1 + E1 Wayside AssignmentSTM1+E1 and 2xSTM1+E1 modulation profiles are supported on a backplane bus-sizesetting of 155 Mbit/s.l 1xSTM1+E1 is a 27.5 MHz/128 QAM option for RAC 60E/6XE and RAC 30v3.l 2xSTM1+E1 is a 55 MHz/128 QAM option for RAC 60E/6XE.

Operation applies to:l 1+0 or 1+1 hot-standby or space diversity operation.l DAC 155o, 2xDAC 155o, or 2xDAC155e for STM1 trib access.l Paired DACs for 1+1 STM1 trib protection.l DAC 4x for E1 wayside trib access.

A maximum of two STM1+E1 links or one 2xSTM1+E1 link can be configured from oneINU/INUe.

When STM1+E1 is enabled:l A wayside circuit option is enabled in the Portal circuits screen.l Auxiliary data circuits cannot be configured if the wayside circuit is configured.

o Auxiliary data circuits can be configured providing the wayside E1 is notconfigured.

o If auxiliary data circuits (one or more) are configured, a wayside E1 cannotbe configured.

For more information see STM1+1E1 Operation on page 249.

Fixed (non-adaptive) ModulationThis section applies to the fixed-only modulation profiles supported by RAC 60E/6XEand RAC 30v3.l Use the RAC 60E or RAC 6XE for link capacities to 366 Mbit/s, 100xE1,

127xDS1, 4xDS3, 1xOC3, 1xSTM1+E1, 2xSTM1+E1, on channel bandwidths to55 MHz (ETSI) or 80 MHz (ANSI).

l Use the RAC 30v3 for link capacities to 150 Mbit/s, 75xE1, 100xDS1, 4xDS3,1xSTM1/OC3, on channel bandwidths to 28 MHz (ETSI) or 30 MHz (ANSI).

Refer to:l Fixed (non-adaptive) Modulation on page 44l RAC 30v3 Modulation Profiles on page 47

RAC 60E/6XE Fixed-only Modulation ProfilesModulation profiles below are for fixed-only operation (not ACM capable). These sup-plement the ACM modulation profiles, any of which can also be selected for fixed(single) modulation operation.


260-668139-001 JULY 2014 45

Fixed-only profiles are used where:l NxDS3, STM1 or OC3 transport is required.l Operation on historic Eclipse profiles is required (profiles not supported under

ACM).l Lower link latency is required (Ethernet latency using non-ACM modulations is

lower than for near-equivalent adaptive modulation options).

Ethernet Throughput and Latency, and Max TDMLatency figures are provided with and without payload encryption enabled.l The additional latency when enabled is independent of the encryption scheme

selected (128, 192, 256 CCM).l The additional latency when enabled is independent of frame size - with PE

enabled the additional latency is the same for all frame sizes.

Figures are with shaper-mode set for maximum throughput.l The shaper mode determines the process used to shape Ethernet traffic to radio

link bandwidth.o Maximum Throughput uses a dynamic shaper to achieve maximumEthernet throughput, but at the expense of true strict priority when trafficloading for high priority traffic is at or near maximum.

o Static ensures strict priority is maintained under all traffic load conditions,but at the expense of a slightly lower throughput.n To estimate Ethernet throughputs with static mode selected, reduce L1and L2 throughputs by 0.5% for 64 byte frames, 3.5% for 1518 byteframes.

o Maximum throughput is the default selection.

The tables also show the maximum TDM tribs supported by each profile.l TDM circuits are mapped via the backplane bus, unlike Ethernet which can be

mapped via the DPP and/or the backplane.l The total TDM circuits configured on one radio link cannot exceed backplane

maximums of 100xE1, 127xDS1, 4xDS3, 2xSTM1/OC3.l For TDM latency figures see TDM Latency on page 66.

Table 1-8. Typical Data for Fixed-only Modulation Profiles: ETSI

Ch BWMHz

Mod. AirlinkCapacityMbit/s

XPICCapable

Ethernet L1Throughput

Mbit/s


Mbit/s

EthernetLatency usNo P. Encr.

EthernetLatency usWith P. Encr. Max TDM

1518byte

64byte

1518byte

64byte

1518byte

64byte

1518byte

64byte

55 256 QAM 366.4 Yes 370 465 365 355 114 46 117 49 100xE1

55 128 QAM 312.6 Yes 307 397 303 302 120 47 N/A N/A 2xSTM1+E1

55 128 QAM 312.6 No 307 397 303 302 132 58 N/A N/A 2xSTM1+E1

55 64 QAM 267.6 Yes 270 340 267 259 131 51 137 57 100xE1

27.5 256 QAM 181.3 Yes 183 230 181 175 183 82 191 90 88xE1

27.5 128 QAM 157.3 Yes 155 200 153 152 193 82 N/A N/A STM1+E1


46 AVIAT NETWORKS

Ch BWMHz

Mod. AirlinkCapacityMbit/s

XPICCapable


Mbit/s


Mbit/s



1518byte

64byte

1518byte

64byte

1518byte

64byte

1518byte

64byte

27.5 128 QAM 157.3 No 155 200 153 152 215 105 N/A N/A STM1+E127.5 128 QAM 154.5 Yes 156 196 154 150 200 88 210 98 75xE1

27.5 128 QAM 154.6 No 156 196 154 150 220 108 229 117 75xE1

27.5 64 QAM 132.9 Yes 134 169 132 129 216 92 227 103 64xE127.5 32 QAM 105.0 No 106 133 105 101 262 115 276 129 51xE1

13.75 64 QAM 64.3 Yes 65 82 64 62 396 178 418 200 31xE1

13.75 64 QAM 58.4 Yes 59 74 58 56 440 203 479 242 28xE1

13.75 32 QAM 55.7 No 56 71 55 54 510 263 535 288 27xE1

7 64 QAM 31.3 Yes 31 40 31 30 780 373 825 418 15xE1

7 64 QAM 29.7 Yes 30 38 29 29 830 400 876 446 14xE1

3.5 16 QAM 8 No 8 11 8 8 2540 1140 2700 1300 4xE1

Table 1-9. Typical Data for Fixed-only Modulation Profiles: ANSI

Ch BWMHz

Mod.AirlinkCapa-city

Mbit/s

XPICCapable


Mbit/s


Mbit/s



1518byte

64byte

1518byte

64byte

1518byte

64byte

1518byte

64byte

50 256 QAM 321.8 Yes 325 409 321 311 122 50 127 55 127xDS1

50 64 QAM 235.8 Yes 238 300 235 228 140 55 147 62 127xDS1

40 256 QAM 256.0 Yes 258 325 255 248 139 60 145 66 127xDS1

40 256 QAM 256.0 No 258 325 255 248 153 72 160 78 127xDS1

40 64 QAM 179.6 No 175 227 173 173 187 87 - - 4xDS340 64 QAM 178.0 Yes 179 226 177 168 172 72 180 80 115xDS1

40 64 QAM 178.0 No 179 226 177 172 184 83 192 92 115xDS1

40 64 QAM 157.0 No 153 198 151 151 200 90 - - 1xOC3

40 64 QAM 156.4 No 158 199 156 151 200 90 209 99 100xDS1

40 32 QAM 137.9 No 134 174 133 133 210 90 - - 3xDS340 32 QAM 135.2 No 136 172 135 131 205 85 223 103 87xDS1

30 256 QAM 179.3 No 176 222 174 169 206 107 - - 4xDS330 256 QAM 178.1 No 180 226 177 172 206 106 214 114 115xDS1

30 256 QAM 178.1 Yes 180 226 177 172 186 85 194 93 115xDS1

30 128 QAM 157.2 No 154 193 152 147 214 105 - - 1xOC3

30 128 QAM 154.8 Yes 152 192 150 146 198 88 208 98 100xDS1

30 128 QAM 154.8 No 152 192 150 146 218 108 227 117 100xDS1

30 64 QAM 134.9 No 133 167 131 127 233 112 - - 3xDS330 64 QAM 135.0 Yes 133 167 131 127 210 88 222 100 87xDS1

30 64 QAM 135.0 No 133 167 131 127 230 110 242 122 87xDS1

10 256 QAM 55.9 No 56 71 56 54 536 293 562 319 36xDS1

10 128 QAM 50.0 No 50 63 50 48 564 296 592 324 32xDS1

10 64 QAM 45.2 No 44 57 44 43 576 283 - - 1xDS3

10 64 QAM 45.1 No 45 57 45 43 581 288 613 320 29xDS1

5 128 QAM 24.8 No 25 31 25 24 1061 558 1117 614 16xDS1

3.75 32 QAM 12.4 No 12 16 12 12 1790 822 1898 930 8xDS1


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RAC 30v3 Modulation ProfilesRAC 30v3 uses fixed modulation - it does not support adaptive modulation.

Depending on capacity/bandwidth options, modulation rates are programmed forQPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, or 256QAM.

Enhanced System Gain Option for STM1 and OC3An additional enhanced system gain option for 1xSTM1/128 QAM and 1xOC3/128QAM improves Rx threshold and system gain by 1.5dB compared to the standard1xSTM1/OC3 option.

ETSI OptionsThe table below lists the ETSI capacity, modulation, and bandwidth options for RAC30v3. E3 rates are not supported - instead use the DAC 3xE3/DS3M to multiplex anE3 to an NxE1 link.

Table 1-10. RAC 30v3 ETSI System Options

Channel BW MHz Modulation Airlink Capacity2

3.5 16QAM 10 Mbit/s, 5xE17 QPSK 10 Mbit/s, 5xE17 16QAM 20 Mbit/s, 10xE17 64 QAM 32 Mbit/s, 16xE113.75 / 14 QPSK 20 Mbit/s, 10xE113.75 / 14 16 QAM 40 Mbit/s, 20xE113.75 / 14 64 QAM 65 Mbit/s, 32xE127.5 / 28 QPSK 40 Mbit/s, 20xE127.5 / 28 16 QAM 80 Mbit/s, 40xE127.5 / 28 32 QAM 106 Mbit/s, 52xE127.5 / 28 64 QAM 131 Mbit/s, 64xE127.5 / 28 128 QAM 150 Mbit/s, 75xE1, 1xSTM1 1

27.5 / 28 128 QAM STM1+1E1 (wayside E1)

ANSI OptionsThe table below lists North American (ANSI) Common Carrier capacity, modulationand bandwidth options.

Table 1-11. RAC 30v3 ANSI System Options

Channel BW MHz Mod-ulation Airlink Capacity

2

3.75 32 QAM 12 Mbit/s, 8xDS15 QPSK 6 Mbit/s, 4xDS15 16 QAM 12 Mbit/s, 8xDS1

1An enhanced system gain option is provided for this capacity.2Nominal (rounded) Ethernet capacities are used.


48 AVIAT NETWORKS

Channel BW MHz Mod-ulation Airlink Capacity

1

5 128 QAM 24 Mbit/s, 16xDS110 QPSK 12 Mbit/s, 8xDS110 16 QAM 24 Mbit/s, 16xDS110 64 QAM 40 Mbit/s, 28xDS110 64 QAM 1xDS320 QPSK 24 Mbit/s, 16xDS120 16 QAM 43 Mbit/s, 28xDS120 16 QAM 1xDS320 16 QAM 49 Mbit/s, 32xDS130 QPSK 43 Mbit/s, 28xDS130 32 QAM 100 Mbit/s, 70xDS130 64 QAM 130 Mbit/s, 84xDS130 64 QAM 3xDS330 128 QAM 150 Mbit/s, 100xDS130 128 QAM 150 Mbit/s, 1xOC3 1

30 256 QAM 4xDS3

Adaptive Coding and Modulation (ACM)ACM maximizes use of available channel bandwidth through automatic adjustment ofmodulation and coding so that the most data efficient (highest possible) modulationis used over the prevailing path conditions. ACM operation requires RAC 60E/6XE.

Adaptive modulation refers to the dynamic adjustment of modulation rate toensure maximum data bandwidth is provided most of the time, with a guaranteedbandwidth provided all of the time.

Coding refers to an ability to set individual modulation rates for maximum through-put or maximum system gain.

Adaptive modulation is not supported on Super PDH ring links,or on frequency diversity l inks.

Adaptive modulation can be used on ERP and RSTP ring/meshnetworks. No network re-convergence action wil l occur with achange of modulation. Traffic prioritization options can beapplied to ensure priority traffic continues to get through onlower modulations / lower throughputs. Otherwise normal IPtraffic contention operation applies.

RAC 60E and RAC 6XEl Supports four modulation rates, QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM, or 256 QAM, plus a

coding option on each.l The coding options enable maximum throughput or maximum gain to provide

a total of eight modulation states.l RFU options are ODU 600, ODU 600sp, ODU 300hp, or IRU 600.

1Nominal (rounded) Ethernet capacities are used.


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l Capacity and ACM feature licensing applies. Refer to Licensing on page 72.l ACM is supported on ETSI CCDP/XPIC links (27.5, 40, 55 MHz Ch BW).l ACM is supported on ANSI CCDP/XPIC links (25, 30, 40, 50 MHz Ch BW).

Refer to:l Adaptive Modulation (AM) on page 49l Coding on page 50l RAC 60E/6XE Capacity, Throughput, Latency on page 55

Adaptive Modulation (AM)Wireless links are traditionally engineered to carry traffic with a 99.999% availabilityunder all path conditions. This can require a high fade margin, but this margin isonly needed to protect against worst-case fades that may occur for just a few minutesin a year. For the rest of the year the margin is not used.

By using less robust but more efficient modulation schemes, the available fade margincan be transformed into delivering more data throughput. This is the purpose ofadaptive modulation; it dynamically changes the modulation so that the highest avail-ability of capacity is provided at any given time.

When used in conjunction with traffic prioritization, it can be configured to ensure allhigh priority traffic continues to get through when path conditions deteriorate; onlylow priority 'best effort' data is discarded.

Modulation switching is hitless (errorless) for Ethernet traffic and/or E1/DS1 circuitsthat are not affected by a reduction in modulation. For example, if sized (prioritized)correctly, all high priority traffic will be unaffected by a transition from 256 QAMdown to QPSK, and then back to 256 QAM.

Ethernet connections enjoy real synergy through the QoS awareness on the DAC GE3GigE switches, and the service provisioning provided by the network overlay.l All high priority traffic, such as voice and video, continues to get through when

path conditions are poor.l Outside these conditions 'best effort' lower priority traffic, such as email and file

transfers enjoy data bandwidths that can be up to four times the guaranteedbandwidth.

While adaptive modulation can also be used on PDH links and mixed mode Ethernetand PDH links, unlike Ethernet there is no QoS synergy on PDH connections. E1/DS1circuits are simply dropped in user-specified order when link capacity is reduced, andrestored when capacity is increased.

While QPSK is the default base-rate for adaptive modulation, the base rate can be setto any of the rates below the maximum rate.

The figure below illustrates the purpose and function of AM.l Under favorable path conditions the highest modulation rate of 256 QAM is

used to deliver a fourfold increase in capacity compared to the base rate QPSK.This highest capacity state is typically available for better than 99.5% of thetime.


50 AVIAT NETWORKS

l When conditions deteriorate, the more robust 64 QAM, then 16 QAM, andultimately QSPK modulations are switched into service to maintainconnectivity. QPSK, as the most robust modulation, is used to support criticaltraffic with a 99.999% availability.

l Receiver SNR primarily determines a modulation change up, or down. SeeModulation Change Criteria on page 52.

l Options are provided to map high priority traffic to the base QPSK modulation,followed by lesser priority traffic for 16 QAM, followed by 64 QAM and 256QAM for lowest priority traffic.

Figure 1-25. Adaptive Modulation At Work

Comprehensive adaptive modulation diagnostic options are provided within Portal.These include information on unavailable capacity due to modulation change, numberof seconds in operation for each modulation type, unavailable seconds due to mod-ulation switch-overs, successful switch-overs between modulation types, and averagethroughput achieved.

CodingFor RAC 60E and RAC 6XE modulation code settings provide two sets of modulationstates, one for maximum throughput, the other for maximum system gain. Theseapply on each of the modulation rates (QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM, 256QAM) to provide a total of eight modulation states, any two, three or fourof which can be selected for ACM operation.

Maximum throughput delivers maximum data throughput - at the expense of somesystem gain.


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Maximum gain delivers best system gain - at the expense of some throughput.

From two to four of the eight modulation states offered with ACM can be selected foruse. For example:l With four modulation rates, each can be set for maximum throughput or

maximum gain.l With three modulation rates, such as 16 QAM, 64 QAM, 256 QAM, one rate

(any) can be set for maximum gain and additionally for maximum throughput,to provide four step AM operation. Or just three (any) of the four possible stepscan be selected.

l With two modulation rates, such as 64 QAM (or 16 QAM) with 256 QAM, eachcan be set for maximum gain and additionally for maximum throughput, toprovide four step AM operation. Or just two, or three out of the four possiblesteps can be selected.

This feature provides a practical trade-off between capacity and system gain to fine-tune link performance. It also provides best balance on AM operation.l The four modulation rates (QPSK, 16 QAM, 64 QAM, 256 QAM) support near-

linear 2x, 3x, 4x capacity steps.l The coding options allow capacity/gain variations on these rates to always

support up to four steps, even when just two of the possible four modulationrates are in use, or are permitted.

l It effectively eliminates the need for additional intermediate modulation rates,such as 32 QAM or 128 QAM.

l Even where just one modulation rate is required/permitted, the coding optionstill supports two-step AM operation, one for maximum throughput, one formaximum gain.

The figure below illustrates the eight modulation steps on a 56 MHz channel. Theyprovide smooth capacity and throughput progression from lowest to highest, frombase QPSK maximum gain, to 256 QAM maximum throughput1. Ethernet throughputis shown for 64 byte frames at Layer 1 (L1).

1HG = high (maximum) gain coding; HT = high (maximum) throughput coding.


52 AVIAT NETWORKS

Figure 1-26. Adaptive Modulation Granularity

When set for maximum gain:l System gains are typically improved by between 1.5 dB to 4 dB compared to

maximum throughput.l Link capacities are typically reduced by between 6% to 18% compared to

maximum throughput.l For more information, refer to the Eclipse Packet Node datasheet.

While both ends of an adaptive modulation link must be set tohave identical modulation state options (modulation rate andcoding steps), in operation the Tx and Rx states are not syn-chronized - it is possible for a RAC to be transmitting using onestate, and to be receiving from its remote partner that is trans-mitting on a different state.

Modulation Change CriteriaModulation changes are primarily determined by receiver SNR thresholds. Each con-figured modulation has an improve SNR threshold and a degrade SNR threshold.l SNR is the sole criteria for step-downs (degrade).l SNR with ATPC settings are used for step-ups (improve).

When the receiver SNR reaches the improve threshold, and the target remote fade mar-gin is maintained, a modulation switch request is sent to the remote transmitterwhich results in the transmitted modulation from the remote end changing to thenext higher throughput modulation. Similarly, if the receiver SNR goes below thedegrade threshold, a modulation switch request is sent, resulting in the transmittedmodulation from the remote end changing to the next lower throughput modulation.l APTC is optimized to improve received SNR at the far end to push for a

modulation increase (up to the maximum configured modulation).


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l The improve and degrade thresholds incorporate a level of hysteresis (typically2 dB) to prevent modulation oscillations occurring.

Because of spectrum mask reasons, modulations cannot be switched to a higher mod-ulation unless the transmit power is below the maximum allowed for the requestedmodulation. See Reference Modulation on page 54.

The table below lists the SNR improve and degrade change points for one of the ETSI

Eclipse Platform Product Description Rev_011

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