Eclipse Modeling Project as a DSL Toolkit - EclipseCon Europe 2013 |

Copyright © Borland Software Corp., 2008. All rights reserved. | 15 February, 2008.

EclipseModelingProjectasaDSLToolkit

March19,2008

RichardC.GronbackChiefScienEst

BorlandSoGwareCorporaEonWestbrook,CT

[email protected]

Eclipse Modeling Project as a DSL Toolkit | Long Talk, EclipseCon 2008 | Copyright © Borland Software Corp., 2008. All rights reserved.

Agenda• DSLOverview

• DevelopingaDSL– AbstractSyntax(domainmodel)

– GraphicalConcreteSyntax(diagram)

– TextualConcreteSyntax• ModelTransformaEon

– Model‐to‐ModelusingQVTOML

– Model‐to‐TextusingXpand• Demo

• Summary


Domain‐SpecificLanguages

• DefiniEon– Alanguagedesignedtobeusefulforaspecificsetoftasks,asopposedtoageneralpurpose

language

• Syntax– Abstract:definedusingBNF,EBNF,XSD,MOF,Ecore,etc.– Concrete:typicallygraphicalortextual

• Tooling– Canbelargelygenerated,evenbootstrapped– Definedusingtheabstractsyntax:

• constraints,validaEon,grammar(textualnotaEon),graphicalnotaEon,model‐to‐modeltransformaEon,model‐to‐textdefiniEon

• MoEvaEon– Focusisontheproblemdomain(thepurityofessence)

– Rigorous,asrequiredbyadheringtotheabstractsyntax• Downside

– Model‐centricDSLtoolingrelaEvelyimmature

– Youmayendupwithsomethingaslarge/complexastheUML


EclipseModelingProject• ARangeofModel‐centricDSLCapabiliEes:

– EclipseModelingFramework(EMF)• Core,Query,ValidaEon,TransacEon,Teneo,Net4j,CDO

– GraphicalModelingFramework(GMF)• GeneraEvetoolingandrunEmefordiagramming

– TextualModelingFramework(TMF)• GeneraEveIDEfortextualmodelinglanguages

– ModelDevelopmentTools(MDT)• UML2,OCL,UML2Tools,XSD,...

– Model‐to‐ModelTransformaEon(M2M)• ATL,QVT(OML)

– Model‐to‐TextTransformaEon(M2T)• Xpand,JET

– GeneraEveModelingTechnologies(GMT)• Researchandemergingtechnology

– AmalgamaEon• Aimstoimprovepackaging,integraEon,andusability


AbstractSyntaxDevelopment

• EMFisusedtodeveloptheabstractsyntax– UsingtheEcoremetamodel(similarbut!=EMOF)– GeneraEoncapabiliEesusingJET/JMerge

• Modelcode(API),Editcode,Editor,Tests

– RunEmeprovidesreflecEon,serializaEon,noEficaEon,etc.– ApplyconstraintswithMDTOCL

• WritecustomtemplatestoenforceatrunEme

– Modelquerysupport• UsingOCLorSQL‐likequerylanguage

– ModelvalidaEonframework• UsingOCLorJava,batchand“live”processing

– ModeltransacEonsupport


ObjectConstraintLanguage(OCL)

• It’sEverywhere(0metolearnit!):– EMFmodelconstraints,invariants,pre/post‐condiEons,etc.

– UsedinValidaEonFramework

– UsedinEMFmodelQuery

– UsedinGMFforlinkconstraints,iniEalizers,audits,metrics

– UsedasthebasisofQVTOperaEonalMappingLanguage

– OCL‐ishlanguagesinMOFScript,Xtend,Xpand


GraphicalConcreteSyntax

• GMFisusedtodevelopagraphicalconcretesyntax– GMFprovidesthetoolingandrunEme;youprovidethenotaEon

• ConsideraEons:– IsyourDSLwellsuitedforgraphicalrepresentaEon?– DoyouneedediEng,orjustvisualizaEon?– WhereisthebestplacetomapnotaEontodomain?

• GMFmappingmodel,orusingQVT?(thinkBPMNandBPEL)

– ReadTuGehlp://www.edwardtuGe.com• Yes,IknowI’vedisregardedhisadviceregardingPowerPoint:‐(


GMFOverview

Develop Mapping Model

Adjust Generation Parameters

Create GMF Project

Package and Deploy

Domain Model M T

M M

Tooling Definition Graphical Definition

«x»


TextualConcreteSyntax

• TMFwillbeusedtodevelopatextualconcretesyntax• TextualModelingFramework(TMF)

– SimilartowhatMarEnFowlercalls“languageworkbenches”– TargetsEclipseIMP(IDEMetatoolingPlamorm)‐formerly“SAFARI”

• Abletogeneratehigh‐qualityeditorsforanylanguage• GrammarcanbeextractedfromanEMFmodel

• Currently,EmfaEcprovidesatextualsyntaxforEcore• AvailableonAlphaWorkshlp://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/emfaEc

text


ModelTransformaEon

• Twoforms:Model‐to‐ModelandModel‐to‐Text

• Usedfor:– IntegraEons– CodegeneraEon– ReporEng– Modelexchange– ModelmigraEonandrefactoring

• ConsideraEons:– TransformaEonlanguagescanbecomplex(OML)

• ComplexmetamodelsmakeforcomplextransformaEons

– TransformtodedicatedmodelforcodegeneraEon• Or,straighttotemplates?(thinkJava,C#,XHTML,etc.)


Model‐to‐ModelTransformaEon

• QVTcanbeusedforM2MtransformaEons– ImplementaEonoftheOMG’sQuery/View/TransformaEon– OperaEonalMappingLanguage(OML)

• Definesasetofmappingsandqueries– BasedonextensiontoOCL(+sideeffects)

• OperatesoninputEMFmodeltoproduceoutputEMFmodel(s)– Outputcanbethesameasinputforin‐placetransformaEons

– CoreandRelaEonslanguagesarecoming…• “Higherlevel”transformaEonlanguages

• AlternaEvetoQVTisATL– AnothercomponentwithintheM2Mproject

M M


Model‐to‐TextTransformaEon

• Xpand:atemplateengineforcodegeneraEon– Straighmorwardsyntax

«IMPORTmeta::model»«EXTENSIONmy::ExtensionFile»«DEFINEjavaClassFOREnEty»«FILEfileName()»package«javaPackage()»;publicclass«name»{ //implementaEon}«ENDFILE»«ENDDEFINE»

– Aspect‐OrientedcapabiliEes– UsedextensivelyinGMF

• AlternaEveisJET(JSP‐likesyntax)– BothJETandXpandareintheM2Tproject

M T


DSLDevelopmentProcess

• Roles– DomainExpert

• ProvidesinputonstructureandsemanEcsoftheDSL

– Toolsmith• Mayalsobethedomainexpert• DevelopsDSLarEfactsforgeneraEonanddeployment• AuthorsM2MandM2TtransformaEondefiniEons

– PracEEoner• The“enduser”


DSLToolkitOverview:Toolsmith

• DevelopmentcenteredonEcore‐baseddomainmodel– DiagramdefiniEonusingGMFforgraphicalconcretesyntax– Model‐to‐ModeltransformaEonsusingQVTorATL– Model‐to‐TexttransformaEonsusingXpandorJET– TextualconcretesyntaxdefinedusingTMF

Domain Model

M T M M

Diagram Definition

Model-to-Model Transformation

Model-to-Text Transformation

text

Textual Syntax Definition


ToolsmithProcessOverview

Develop M2M Transformation(s)

Develop M2T Transformation(s)

Develop Diagram(s)

Develop Domain Model

Develop Textual Syntax

Generate and Test

Create DSL Project

Package and Deploy

emf

gmf

m2m

m2t

tmf


DSLToolkitOverview:Toolsmith

• AnExample:

mindmap.ecore

mindmap.gmfmap

mindmap2requirements.qvto map2csv.xpt

M T M M

mindmap2xhtml.qvto

M M

Class.javajet *

M T

xhtml.ecore


DSLToolkitOverview:PracEEoner

<html> ...

</html>

sample.mmd

sample.requirements

<html> ...

</html>

M M M T

M T #proj a,b,c,. x,y,z,.

M M

sample.html

sample.mindmap

mindmap2csv

mindmap2xhtml

mindmap2requirements

sample.csv

requirements2html sample.html


Demo

• Scenario:– ToolsmithtocreateamindmapapplicaEon

• Graphicalconcretesyntaxonly• Model‐to‐ModeltransformaEontorequirementsmodel• Model‐to‐TexttransformaEontoCSVfile


Summary

• DevelopingaDomain‐SpecificLanguageisnotatrivialexercise– But,therearemanypossibleadvantages

– Requiresadomainexpert[+atoolsmith]

• Developingcustomtoolingitnotatrivialexercise– Butit’sfeasible,usingEMPtechnologies– ReusepotenEalincommonmodelsandtransformaEons

– Itshouldonlygeteasier


TheEnd

Thankyou!

[email protected]

QuesEons?


References• EclipseModelingProjecthlp://www.eclipse.org/modeling/

• EclipseModelingFramework(EMF)websitehlp://www.eclipse.org/emf

• GraphicalModelingFramework(GMF)websitehlp://ww.eclipse.org/gmf

• Model‐to‐ModelTransformaEon(M2M)websitehlp://ww.eclipse.org/m2m

• Model‐to‐TextTransformaEon(M2T)websitehlp://ww.eclipse.org/m2t

• ModelDevelopmentTools(MDT)websitehlp://ww.eclipse.org/mdt

• EclipseModelingFrameworkTechnology(EMFT)websitehlp://www.eclipse.org/emG

• EmfaEchlp://www.alphaworks.ibm.com/tech/emfaEc

• MarEnFowleronLanguageWorkbencheshlp://www.marEnfowler.com/arEcles/

languageWorkbench.html

• Model‐DrivenSoGwareProductLines(KrzysztofCzarnecki)hlp://swen.uwaterloo.ca/

~chpkim/pp46‐czarnecki.pdf


SoGwareProductLines

• LikelythebestapplicaEonofaDSLToolkit– DSLscanbecustomizedtosuittheneedsofacustomer– GeneraEonoutput(templates)highlyconfigurable

• Amature,extensibletargetplamormiskey• OpEonally,providefullgeneraEon

– FeaturetreesusedtoselectvariaEons– Generateonlywhatisrequired

• AlternaEvely,enableonlywhatisrequired• ComplementedbyFramework‐SpecificModelingLanguages

(FSMLs)– hlp://gp.uwaterloo.ca/fsmls


UML™/MDA®vs.DSL/MDD• UMLisageneralpurposemodelinglanguage

– Similartogeneralpurposeprogramminglanguages(e.g.Java)

– CanbeseenasacollecEonofDSLs

– CanbeusedtodefineaDSL(i.e.usingprofiles)

• MDA™isatrademarktheOMG– AcollecEonofstandards

– ModelsdefinedinMOForUML,refined/constrained/queried(OCL),transformed(QVT),andusedtogeneratetext(MOF2Text),…

– MDAisoGensynonymouswithModel‐DrivenDevelopment™(MDD)• andModel‐DrivenEngineering(MDE),andMDSD,and…

• TheUMLmetamodelcanbethestarEngpointofyourDSMtool– Howimportantarestandardstoyou?– Howmuchcomplexitydoyouneedinametamodelorlanguage?

Eclipse Modeling Project as a DSL Toolkit - EclipseCon Europe 2013 |

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