Ebola Virus by Suvanka Shekar Samanta

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Wednesdays Work-outs session – 15h October 2014

Presented By – Suvanka Sekhor Samanta

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Ebola virus (EBOV, formerly designated Zaire ebolavirus) is the most dangerous of the five known viruses within the genus Ebolavirus.

EBOV carries a negative-sense RNA genome.


Ebola first appeared in 1976, near the Ebola River in the Democratic Republic of Congo.


Causes :Ebola virus has been found in African monkeys, chimps and other nonhuman primates. A milder strain of Ebola has been discovered in monkeys and pigs in the Philippines. Marburg virus has been found in monkeys, chimps and fruit bats in Africa, along theEbola River in northern Democratic Republic of the Congo

Incubation Period : 2 days to 21 days.


Signs and symptoms typically begin abruptly within five to 10 days of infection with Ebola or Marburg virus. Early signs and symptoms include:

FeverSevere headacheJoint and muscle achesChillsWeakness


Over time, symptoms become increasingly severe and may include:Nausea and vomiting, Diarrhea (may be bloody)Red eyes, Raised rash, Chest pain and coughStomach pain, Severe weight lossBleeding, usually from the eyes, ears, nose and rectum), Internal bleeding


Both Ebola and Marburg hemorrhagic fevers lead to death for a high percentage of people who are affected. As the illness progresses, it can cause:

Multiple organ failureSevere bleedingDelirium (a serious disturbance in a person's mental abilities)SeizuresComaShock


Risk factorsFor most people, the risk of getting Ebola or Marburg viruses (hemorrhagic fevers) is low. The risk increases if you:

Travel to Africa..Conduct animal research. Provide medical or personal care. Prepare people for burial.


Tests and diagnosisEbola and Marburg hemorrhagic fevers are difficult to diagnose because early signs and symptoms resemble those of other diseases, such as typhoid and malaria. If doctors suspect you have Ebola or Marburg viruses, they use blood tests to quickly identify the virus, including:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction

(PCR)


Treatments and drugsNo antiviral medications have proved effective in treating infection with either virus. Supportive hospital care includes:

Providing fluidsMaintaining blood pressureProviding oxygen as neededReplacing lost bloodTreating other infections that develop


PreventionPrevention focuses on avoiding contact with the viruses. The following precautions can help prevent infection and spread of Ebola and Marburg.

Avoid areas of known outbreaks. Wash your hands frequently..Avoid bush meat. Avoid contact with infected peopleFollow infection-control proceduresDon't handle remains.


There's no evidence that Ebola virus or Marburg virus can be spread via insect bites.

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Ebola Virus by Suvanka Shekar Samanta

Health & Medicine

Transcript of Ebola Virus by Suvanka Shekar Samanta