Name of the Teacher : EASWARI S.V.P

Name of the school :

Name of the subject : Biology

Name of the unit : The Chemical Changes of Food

Name of the Topic : Movement of Food Through Oesophagus

By observation, communication and discussion the child learns about movement of food through oesophagus.

TERMS

Uvula, epiglottis, nasalcavity, trachea, pharynx, oesophagus, sphincters, peristalsis, involuntary muscles, bolus,

duodenum, pyoric sphincter.

FACTS

The chewed food in the mouth is pushed into the pharynx.

The uvula and the epiglottis prevent food from entering the nasalcavity and trachea respectively.

Food from the pharynx enters to the oesophagus.

Food moves through oesophagus as a result of the contraction of the involuntary muscles in the oesophagus.

This wave like movement is called Peristalsis.

Date :

Standard : 9

Division :

Strength :

Duration :

Peristalsis takes place throughout the alimentary canal in only one direction.

So the food never comes back into the mouth of a person who is consuming food.

The oesophagus is surrounded at the top and bottom by two muscular rings, the upper and lower oesophageal

sphincters.

They act to close the oesophagus when the food not being swallowed.

The oesophageal sphincters are functional,but not anatomical sphincters.

They are sections of the oesophageal wall that act as a sphincter,but do not have distinct thickenings like other

sphincters.

Food reaches the stomach within 8 seconds.

The food we eat is stored in the stomach.

The entire process of digestion in the stomach is completed in 4-5 hours.

The continuous movement of stomach grinds and mixes the food thoroughly.

It is an example for mechanical digestion.

So it is said that there should be intervals between meals .

Pyloric sphincter acts as a valve to let food pass from stomach to duodenum.

It shuts off during the process of digestion.

In mammals the duodenum is the principal site for iron absorption.

CONCEPT The chewed food in the mouth is pushed into the pharynx which moves to stomach through oesophagus by peristalsis.

LEARNING

OUTCOMES IN

Enables the pupil to develop:

Factual knowledge about the movement of food through oesophagus.

TERMS OF

SPECIFICATIONS

Recalling new terms like uvula, epiglottis, peristalsis sphincters, oesophagus etc. New terms and facts are

indicated in the content analysis.

Conceptual knowledge about the movement of food through oesophagus.

Explaining the movement of food through oesophagus.

Procedural knowledge about the movement of food through oesophagus.

Explaining the process of movement of food through oesophagus.

Metacognition knowledge about the movement of food through oesophagus.

Recognising the importance of peristalsis in digestion.

Scientific attitude towards the movement of food through oesophagus.

Showing interest to know more about peristalsis.

Process skills on the movement of food through oesophagus.

Comparing peristalsis with other movements of the body.

PRE REQUISITE Food reaches the stomach through oesophagus.

TEACHING

LEARNING

RESOURCES

1. A power point presentation containing pictures, video clippings and details of peristalsis, stomach, oesophagus.

CLASS ROOM INTERACTION PROCEDURE EXPECTED PUPIL’S RESPONSE

INTRODUCTION

Teacher asks the pupil :-

1. Someone gave you a jalebi. What you will do?

We will eat it.

2. How will you eat?

3. Where does that jalebi reach?

4. How does it reaches the stomach?

Movement of food through oesophagus [B.B].

The teacher succeeded in knowing the previous knowledge of the

pupil.

We chew with teeth and swallow it.

Stomach

Through oesophagus

PRESENTATION

ACTIVITY-1

Teacher divides the pupil into groups and shows them the slides

of the power point presentation containing pictures, video clippings and

details of peristalsis, epiglottis, uvula, oesophagus etc and ask the

students to observe the slides and write down the answers for the given

indicators in the science diary

INDICATORS

1. Why the food we eat do not enter nasal cavity?

2. Why the food we eat do not come back to mouth?

3. Why the food we eat do not enter trachea?

Pupil observe the slides carefully.

Uvula prevents the food from entering nasal cavity.

Peristalsis is unidirectional

Epiglottis prevents the food from entering trachea.

GROUP DISCUSSION LEAD BY THE TEACHER

The chewed food in the mouth is pushed into the pharynx. The

uvula and the epiglottis prevent food from entering the nasal cavity and

trachea respectively. Food from the pharynx enters to the oesophagus.

Food moves through oesophagus as a result of the contraction of the

involuntary muscles in the oesophagus. This wave like movement is

called Peristalsis. Peristalsis takes place throughout the alimentary canal

in only one direction. So the food never comes back into the mouth of a

person who is consuming food. The oesophagus is surrounded at the top

and bottom by two muscular rings, the upper and lower oesophageal

sphincters. They act to close the oesophagus when the food not being

swallowed. The oesophageal sphincters are functional, but not

anatomical sphincters. They are sections of the oesophageal wall that act

as a sphincter, but do not have distinct thickenings like other sphincters.

ACTIVITY-2

Teacher shows the pupil the slides of the power point presentation

containing pictures ,video clippings and details of stomach and ask the

students to observe the slides and write down the answers for the given

indicators in the science diary .

INDICATORS

1. How mechanical digestion takes place inside the stomach?

Pupil observe the slides carefully.

Continuous movement of stomach grinds and mixes the food thoroughly

which is an example for mechanical digestion.

2. Why is it said that there should be intervals between meals?

3. Which is the anterior most part of stomach?

4. Which is the posterior most part of stomach?

Digestion in the stomach is completed in 4-5 hours so there should be

intervals between meals.

Lower Oesophageal Sphincter

pyloric sphincter

GROUP DISCUSSION LEAD BY THE TEACHER

Food reaches the stomach within 8 seconds. The food we eat is

stored in the stomach. The entire process of digestion in the stomach is

completed in 4-5 hours. The continuous movement of stomach grinds

and mixes the food thoroughly. It is an example for mechanical

digestion. So it is said that there should be intervals between meals.

Pyloric sphincter acts as a valve to let food pass from stomach to

duodenum. It shuts off during the process of digestion. In mammals the

duodenum is the principal site for iron absorption.

REVIEW

1. What is peristalsis?

2. How mechanical digestion takes place in stomach?

3. Explain about oesophageal and pyloric sphincters?

FOLLOW UP ACTIVITY

Draw the structure of uvula, epiglottis, oesophagus and stomach.

BLACK BOARD SUMMARY

Date

BIOLOGY

Movement of food through Oesophagus

Std: IX

Div:

Str:

Pharynx

Uvula

Epiglottis

Oesophagus

Oesophageal sphincter

Pyloric sphincter

Peristalsis