EASTERN PHILOSOPHY

sna.syednomanali@gmail.com

AIMS OF PHILOSOPHY

• Cosmological unity• Behavioral ethics• Relationship with religion• Social integration• Intuition over intellect • Collectivism• Self improvement• Find inner self• Find balance in human life• Spiritual approach

EASTERN PHILOSOPHY

• Hinduism• Buddhism• Taoism• Confucianism• Persian• Arabic

HINDUISM

• It a religious culture around 1500-2000 B.C • Their literature is Vedas,the bodies of

knowledge.• Hold the universe to be all one, Brahman.• Everything has same soul in all living being.• The purpose of life is to find enlightenment• The cycle of birth and death goes on• Karma- chain of causes. All of our actions will

eventually have consequences• Desire is the root of all evil.

BUDDHISM

• A philosophical tradition, founded by Gautama Siddhartha Buddha in the 5th century B.C• Buddhism attempts to conquer the suffering

through the elimination of desire and ego and attainment of the state of nirvana.• Nirvana- permanent liberation from life, become

one with the universe.• Four Noble Truths (1) suffering (2) causes (3) elimination (4) enlightened living

TAOISM

• Lao tzu was the founder of Taoism, • Taoism is based on the idea that all the change in

the world lies one fundamental, universal principle: the Way or Tao. • Something and Nothing produce each other• Contractive and expansive forces in the universe• Two principles which oppose one another in their

actions, yin and yang. All the opposites one perceives in the universe can be reduced to one of the opposite forces. • passivity, calm, humility ,develop intuition and

build up personal power

CONFUCIANISM• Confucius was a founder of this Chinese thought.• It is concerned with morality ,social ethics.• His teaching treat other as you would like to be

treated.• What you don’t desire for yourself, don’t do to others.• Deal with the great while it is yet small.• Family is metaphor for society to develop.• Ethics concerned with humanness .• No need for physical punishment and law• Build the character of individual.• All human beings are alike at birth.

MYSTICISM

• Represents a mystical, theosophical, and ascetic • Becoming one with absolute pure • Secret experience of something spiritual.• Intuitive understanding of reality• All sort of esoteric traditions and practice unite.• Purification of heart turning it away all except

God.• Divine love is the essence of mysticism.• Attainment f ultimate universal one truth.• (Self) transformation by practices and actions.