Earthquakes A whole lot of shake’n going on!. Earthquake terms: EARTHQUAKE-Vibration of the Earth...
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Transcript of Earthquakes A whole lot of shake’n going on!. Earthquake terms: EARTHQUAKE-Vibration of the Earth...
![Page 1: Earthquakes A whole lot of shake’n going on!. Earthquake terms: EARTHQUAKE-Vibration of the Earth caused by the rapid release of energy in the crust.](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022082821/5697c02c1a28abf838cd9129/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Earthquakes
A whole lot of shake’n going on!
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Earthquake terms:
• EARTHQUAKE-Vibration of the Earth caused by the rapid release of energy in the crust.
• Motion takes place along a FAULT.• Energy radiates out from the FOCUS.• Energy moving outward from the focus travels
in the form of SEISMIC WAVES.• The EPICENTER is the point above the focus on
the surface of the Earth.
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What causes the rock to break?
• STRESS- Forces that push and pull on the Earth’s crust.
• Three types of stress:– Compression – Tension– Shear
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As rocks undergo stress they can:
–Change shape–Change volume–Move up–Move down–Move sideways– Fracture or breakThis is called
deformation
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Types of faults:
• Normal– Stress-tension
• Reverse– Stress-compression
• Strike slip– Stress-shear
http://www.iris.edu/gifs/animations/faults.htm
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• http://video.nationalgeographic.com/video/player/environment/environment-natural-disasters/earthquakes/earthquake-montage.html
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Types of Seismic Waves
• P-Wave: longitudinal wave. Travels 6 m/s. Passes through solids, liquids, and gases.
• S-Wave: transverse wave. Travels 3.5 m/s. Passes through solids.
• Surface Wave: Travels along the surface. Most destructive.
• http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/~rmellors/lab8/l8maineq.htm#swave
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Putting it all together
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How a seismograph works
• http://www.wwnorton.com/college/geo/egeo/flash/8_3.swf
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Reading P and S waves