Earthquake safety precautions.docx

National Christian Life College

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Primary causes of earthquake?

SPRINT-(School Prompt Response Integrated Team)

Prepared by:Bro. Jerwin Rodel M.Diaz


Tectonic Plates


Deadliest disasters in recorded history, 1. Yellow River Flood (China 1931) - 1,000,000-4,000,000 dead2. Yellow River Flood (China 1887) - 900,000-2,000,000 dead3. Bhola Cyclone (Bangladesh 1970) - 500,000-1,000,000 dead4. Shaanxi Earthquake (China 1556) - 830,000 dead5. India Cyclone (India 1839) - 300,000 dead 6. Antioch Earthquake (Syria and Turkey 526) - 250,000 dead7. Tangshan Earthquake(China 1976) - 242,000 dead8. Haiyun Earthquake (China 1920) - 240,000 dead9. Indian Ocean Earthquake/Tsunami (Indian Ocean 2004) -

230,000 dead10. Aleppo Earthquake (Syria 1138) - 230,000 dead

Wiki pedia.com


STAGE 1

Planning /Organizing the Earthquake Drill A. Form a NCLC School Prompt Response Integrated Team(NCLC SPRINT) composed of several teams with specific tasks (e.g. First Aid Team, Site Security Team, Fire-Safety Team, Evacuation Team, Communications Team)and designate an over-all coordinator.


Members of the NCLC School Prompt Response Integrated Team(NCLC SPRINT) should evaluate the school.1.Have the following information available

yearly2. Acquire the most recent school grounds

layout or plan/map. 3. Obtain a building lay out/ floor plan for each

building that shows the rooms, corridors, staircases and exit points.


PHASES OF AN EARTHQUAKE DRILL

• Phase 1. Alarm • Phase 2. Response • Phase 3. Evacuation • Phase 4. Assembly • Phase 5. Head count • Phase 6. Evaluation

Source: PageWise, Inc., 2002


STAGE 2 Developing the School Earthquake Evacuation Plan After identifying the safe and unsafe spots, the next step is to develop the School Earthquake Evacuation Plan.

1. The School Earthquake Evacuation Plan should have provision to utilize all available open spaces nearest the building that are evaluated as safe from falling debris and other materials that may cause injuries to student.


STAGE 2

2. Determine if there is sufficient open space for all. Areas to be occupied should be computed assuming 4 to 5 students would occupy a 1 sq m area.


STAGE 2

3. Consider the number of students in each building (morning and afternoon session). Designate a specific open area for each class as their area of temporary refuge.


STAGE 3Orientation prior to the conduct of Earthquake Drill

• A.Prepare the students a week before the scheduled earthquake drill. For each class, instruct the homeroom adviser to do the following:

• 1.Allot a specific time for lecture on earthquakes- what it is, how and why they occur, what to do before during and after an earthquake.

• 2.Conduct a classroom observation activity: • 3. Introduce to the students the suggested evacuation route

prepared by NCLC SDMC.• 4.Introduce to the students the assigned open area where they

will evacuate after an earthquake (SF Area near at Kitchen)• 5.Assign somebody who will be in charge(Scout or CAT) of

making sure the door is open during the shaking


B. The main concern during an ongoing shaking is how to protect oneself.

• 1.Give specific instructions on what to do during an earthquake.



2.Give specific instructions about what to do as soon as the shaking stops:

3.For the teacher, make sure all students are accounted for once in the designated evacuation area.



• 4.Once each class has been assigned a specific evacuation site, come up with evacuation procedure using the available map. Initially, all exit points nearest the room of occupants should be suggested as their exit routes; assuming that these are passable after the earthquake.



5.Determine the flow of traffic from each room along the corridors using the information on actual number of occupants per room and their designated evacuation area.

6.Indicate by arrows, the flow of student evacuation coming out of each room up to their designated evacuation site. This will be the suggested earthquake evacuation route for the students.



7.Prepare the final evacuation route and orient all the teachers and school staff about this.

8.Prepare Earthquake Survival Kits (flashlight, battery operated radio, water, rope, blanket, candle, matches, tissue papers, tools like wrench, pliers, hammer, etc)

9. Prepare First-Aid Kits.


STAGE 4 Actual Conduct of Earthquake Drill

1.Prior to the scheduled drill, inform the neighborhood regarding the conduct of the drill.

2.Identify and assign observers for each exit points of the building and evacuation areas. They will give their comments and observations during the evaluation of the drill.


STAGE 4 Actual Conduct of Earthquake Drill 3.For the Actual Drill:

• Assumptions:

– One(1)-minute strong shaking signified by 1 minute siren/bell – Person can not stand – Buildings may have been damaged but no collapse – Possible falling objects including glass windows – No immediate assistance will be available for at least several hours. Self

help and sustenance are required. – Possible injuries, fear, panic among students and teachers

• Give instructions/ reiterate the what to do’s: • Once the siren is heard, do the proper and expected actions. • Participants during this One (1)-minute siren should perform the duck, cover and

hold• After the One (1)-minute siren, students quietly go out of room and proceed to

previously designated open space • Teacher or assigned students should make head count while in the ground



4.While the drill is ongoing, observers should take note of how teachers and students performed.

5.When all the students and teachers have converged at the designated evacuation area, the assigned observers will give their comments (if drill was conducted properly, if the evacuation proceeded smoothly, etc.) and suggestions on how to correct or improve these.


• 6.To be effective, earthquake drills must be done regularly.


References:DEPARTMENT OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PHILIPPINE INSTITUTE OF VOLCANOLOGY AND SEISMOLOGY PHIVOLCS Bldg., CP Garcia Ave., UP Campus, Diliman, Quezon City Tel: 4261468 to 79 ; Fax: 9293866


Earthquake Safety Precautions


Understanding Earthquake

• Earthquakes can be devastating disasters, but everyone who takes appropriate earthquake safety precautions can minimize damages, injuries, and other potential quake concerns. It can help to have valuable tips on ways to keep your family, collogues safe before, during and after a quake.


Before an Earthquake

• Install latches on cupboard doors to prevent them from opening during a quake.

• Use non-skid shelf liners for kitchen and bathroom cupboards, medicine cabinets, and closet shelves.

• Store heavy items or glassware in lower cabinets so they do not become dangerous projectiles.

• Update home insurance policies to adequately cover building costs, possession replacement, and injury deductibles.

• Secure large appliances such as refrigerators, water heaters, air conditioners, and other bulky items with straps, bolts, and other stabilizing methods.

• Do not put heavy artwork, mirrors, or shelves over beds.


Before an Earthquake

• Firmly secure bookcases, artwork, mounted televisions and other objects to withstand as much shaking as possible.

• Take clear photos of valuables as a record for insurance purposes.• Prepare an earthquake emergency kit with non-perishable food, bottled

water, copies of important documents (birth certificates, prescriptions, insurance papers, etc.), flashlights, first aid materials, blankets, spare glasses, and other essential items and store it where it will be easily accessible in case of a quake.

• Keep cell phones charged and replace emergency kit supplies as necessary to keep them usable.

• Plan alternative commuting routes in case an earthquake damages roads.• Set up a family meeting location in a safe area.• Teach all family members basic first aid, how to behave during a quake, and

what to do after a quake.


During an Earthquake• Immediately seek a safe location such as in a doorway (if you

live in an old, adobe house that is not reinforced), beneath a table or desk, or along an interior wall away from windows or hazardous objects.

• Cover the back of your head and your eyes to minimize injury from flying debris.

• Do not take elevators during an earthquake.• If cooking, turn off heating elements immediately.• If outdoors, stay in open areas away from buildings, power

lines, trees, and other potential hazards.• If driving, stop quickly but safely and stay in the vehicle. Do

not stop near power lines, bridges, overpasses, or other potentially dangerous locations.

• Stay calm and brace yourself to keep your balance, sitting if possible.


After an Earthquake• Be prepared for aftershocks, which may be stronger than the

initial jolt.• Tend injuries immediately and summon emergency assistance

if necessary.• Check for structural damage, but do not enter a building that

shows damage or has visible cracks in the walls or foundation.• Wear shoes at all times to avoid stepping on broken glass.• Turn off gas, electricity, and water if damage is suspected or if

advised to do so by authorities.• Be cautious opening cabinets, cupboards, and closets in case

items may be poised to fall.• Keep phone lines clear for emergency use.• Be patient: It may take hours or days to restore all services

depending on the severity of the quake.


Additional Disasters to Prepare For

• Tsunamis near coastal areas• Landslides or mudslides in mountainous

regions• Fires if gas lines are ruptured or power lines

spark blazes• Flooding if dams break or rivers are diverted


If you are in a Building. . .

1.Steady yourself. Hold onto a solid object or get to the floor so that you do not fall.



2.Drop, cover, and hold. This is the national standard for earthquake safety in the United States.[The alternate advice is to get next to a sturdy piece of furniture so that if a wall falls, it will create a crawl space in which you can survive. This "triangle of life" method.


3. Cover your head and neck. Use your hands and arms to protect these vital areas from falling objects


http://www.wikihow.com/Image:Survive-an-Earthquake-Step-9-Version-2.jpg


4. Do not move. If it is safe to do so, stay where you are for a minute or two, until you are sure the shaking has stopped.





5. Slowly and carefully leave the building. As in the case of fire, it is suggested that you and your family meet in an earthquake-safe location previously designated by your family, such as a nearby baseball diamond or park. Government help should be on the way soon.

http://www.wikihow.com/Image:Survive-an-Earthquake-Step-11.jpg



6. Inspect your house for anything that might be in a dangerous condition. Glass fragments, the smell of gas, or damaged electrical appliances are examples of hazards.


7.Check for damage around your building. You should check your house or the building you are in for fires or other forms of damage.



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