Earth/Environmental.Science.marcuspate.weebly.com/.../_unit_4_part_1_een.1.1.1.pdfKepler: 1571 –...
Transcript of Earth/Environmental.Science.marcuspate.weebly.com/.../_unit_4_part_1_een.1.1.1.pdfKepler: 1571 –...
Earth/Environmental.Science.
I.can.explain.the.Earth’s.motions.through.space,.including.precession,.nutation,.the.barycenter,.and.its.path.about.the.galaxy..
! The science that studies the universe that deals with ! Properties of objects in
space ! Laws under which the
universe operates
✤ Kepler: 1571 – 1630 ✓ 3 Laws ✓ 1st law: The orbits of the
planets are ellipses, with the Sun at one focus of the ellipse.
✓ 2nd law: The line joining the planet to the Sun sweeps out equal areas in equal times as the planet travels around the ellipse.
✓ 3rd law: The ratio of the squares of the revolutionary periods for two planets is equal to the ratio of the cubes of their semimajor axes.
! The.Big.Bang.Theory.! At.one.time,.the.entire.universe.was.confined.to.a.dense,.hot,.superBmass.ball.,.
! About.13.7.billion.years.ago.a.violent.explosion.occurred,.hurling.this.material.in.all.directions..
! Marks.the.beginning.of.the.universe..
! VIDEO.LINK.
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! Theory of how the bodies of our solar system evolved from an enormous rotating cloud called the solar nebula.
! Made up of Hydrogen and Helium ! Theory how the planets were formed
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! States that the space between galaxies is expanding, so that they appear to recede from us at velocities that increase with their distance.
! VIDEO LINK
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! Spiral ! Disk-shaped with concentration of
stars in the center and “arms”extending from the center
! Contain old and young stars ! Ex) Milky Way Galaxy
! Elliptical ! Round to oval in shape ! Contain old stars ! Ex) giant diffuse galaxies -largest
! Irregular ! No definite shape ! Composed of young stars ! Ex) Large and Small Magellanic
Clouds (closest neighbor galaxies)
! Rotation.! Revolution.! Precession.! Nutation.! Barycenter.
! Precession.! Slight.movement.over.a.period.of.26,000.years.where.Earth’s.axis.points.in.different.directions..
! Points.to.two.stars.▪ Polaris.▪ Vega.▪ Current.pointing.to.Polaris.
! Has.no.affect.on.seasons..
! Nutation.! Oscillatory.movement.of.the.axis.of.a.rotating.body.(wobble).
! Observed.during.precession.! Occurs.about.18.6.years.
! Barycenter.! The.point.between.two.objects.where.they.balance.each.other..
! The.center.of.mass.where.two.or.more.celestial.bodies.orbit.each.other..
! Barycenter website with animation
! How.would.you.describe.the.Earth’s.shape.and.appearance?.
! What.affects.its.shape?.