Early Roots of the Civil

WarThe differences between the North and South

A civil war is a war between different groups of

people who belong to the same country.

-The American Civil War was fought between the North

(Union states) and the South (Confederate states).

-It lasted from 1861-1865, triggered by the election of

Abraham Lincoln in 1860. Lincoln wanted to end

slavery and keep the Union together.

The conflict between the North (the

Yankees) and the South (the Rebels)

started because of their different ways

of living.

But what were some specific differences

between the North and South?

Directions/Expectations

Use the Chart to record information about the

North and South. Use titles and bullet points for

each section:

EXAMPLE:

Climate and Geography:Category North South

START HERE

Climate and Geography of the

North

Warm, humid summers and cold snowy winters

• Short growing season plus cold made farming difficult.

• Clear, fast rivers

• Coastline full of bays.

• Cities develop near rivers and bays.

• Cities develop as trading centers.

• People begin to use waterpower to run factories.

Climate and Geography of

the SouthWarm and sunny with long summers, mild

winters. Lots of rain.

• Climate ideal for agriculture.

• Fertile soil ideal for growing crops.

POPULATION IN THE

NORTH

• Huge population increase in the North between

1800 and 1860, mostly through immigration.

• Irish, German, and other Europeans mostly settle

in North.

POPULATION IN THE

SOUTHPopulation of the South made up of Europeans (mostly

from England and Scotland) and enslaved Africans.

• 1/3 of the population were slaves.

• Most southerners lived on small farms.

• Only 1/4 of farmers owned slaves.

• Large farms called plantations were owned by the

wealthy few who owned most of the slaves.

Cities in the North• Factories were set up making textiles (cloth goods)

• Increase in factory work brought more people to live in the

cities.

• Cities were crowded and dirty.

• Public education begun in cities for first time.

• Cities became important centers of art, culture, and

education. Many city newspapers begun.

Cities in the SouthMost southerners lived on farms.

• There were very few large cities.

• Plantations were self-sufficient and became like

small towns.

Economy in North• The economy of the North was based on

manufacturing. (TRADE)

• Worked in factories

• Made textiles, fabrics, cotton and wool spinners

Economy in SouthThe economy of the South was based on agriculture.

• Cotton, tobacco, rice, sugar cane, and indigo (a plant that was used

for blue dye) were sold as cash crops.

• slaves were now needed to pick the cotton.

• Slavery became essential to the South’s economy.

Culture of the North

The culture of the North was determined by life in the cities.

•Urban, more jobs

*Both religion and education were organized.

•Wanted freedom for slaves

• Very few boys, and almost no girls went on to secondary school.

• College was reserved for the wealthy.

Culture of the South

The culture of the South was determined by the upper class

plantation owners and their families.

*Rural

• Only children of plantation owners received any education.

• Many depended on and supported slavery

• The culture of the South revolved around plantation life.