Early Republic 1912-1927 Rise of Warlordism May 4 th Movement Party Politics...
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Transcript of Early Republic 1912-1927 Rise of Warlordism May 4 th Movement Party Politics...
Early Republic 1912-1927 Rise of Warlordism May 4th Movement Party Politics
Guomindang(GMD)-Communist (CCP) Alliance
Guomindang “Rule” 1927-1949
May Fourth Movement: Intellectual and Political Concerns
Political Concerns: Nationalism Anti-imperialism Anti-warlord Mass Movements
Intellectual Concerns Social Darwinism New Culture Literary Reform Mass Education
Leading Intellectual Figures Chen Duxiu (1879-1942)
Beida Dean (1917-1919) Studied in Japan Chinese Youth Founder of New Youth
Magazine Mr. Science and Mr.
Democracy Co-founder Chinese
Communist Party
Call to Youth! (1915) Be independent, not servile Be progressive, not conservative Be aggressive, not retiring Be cosmopolitan, not isolationist Be utilitarian, not formalistic Be scientific, not imaginative
Li Dazhao (1888-1927) Li Dazhao (1889-1927)
Beida Librarian, Historian Studied in Japan Co-editor of New Youth Founder of Marxist Study
Group Co-founder of CCP
Chinese Communist Party (CCP) 1921, Shanghai
Russian Revolution, Comintern
“Scientific theory of historical progress”
Leninist role of Party suited to Chinese intellectuals
Marxist World View place China in forefront
Chinese Communist Poster With Lenin
Reorganization of Nationalist Party GMD
Governments in Canton stabilized in 1923 Sun-Joffee Agreement (Adolf Joffee, Comintern agent)
China not ready for Socialist System Present goal: reunification and national
independence Soviets willing to negotiate return of Czarist rights Renounce claims on Outer Mongolia
First United Front (1923-1927) Comintern Influence Whampoa Academy 1924 GMD- CCP United Front Newspapers Mass Organizations
Labor Unions Peasant Associations Women’s Associations
Rise of Chiang Kai-shek Chiang Kai-shek (1888-
1975) Top military advisor to Sun
Yat-sen (d. 1925) Commandant of Whampoa Leader of Northern
Expedition
Northern Expedition 1927 Defeat Warlords in
South and Central China Consolidate Chiang’s
control of Guomindang Shanghai Massacre April
1927 Split with CCP
Nationalist Government established in Nanjing