Early Civilizations of India. Geography Indian Subcontinent The subcontinent is protected Himalayas...
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Early Civilizations of India
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GeographyIndian Subcontinent
The subcontinent is protected North by the HimalayasHimalayas Northwest by Hindu KushHindu Kush
Isolated this area to develop cultures on its own.
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Indus Valley Civilization2600 B.C
HarappaHarappa and Mohenjo-DaroMohenjo-DaroPresent day Pakistan - Indus river
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Indus Valley CivilizationPlumbing, Sewers, Water Chutes
(well organized governments)
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Regional TradeRegional Trade
To Persia:
From Mesopotamia
Indus Valley Civilization
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1900 BC - the culture disappearsEarth QuakePlagueAryansAryans
Indus Valley Civilization
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Aryan CivilizationAryan Civilization
2000-1500 BC AryansAryans migrate into India.
Chariots, Bows, Nomad
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AryansAryansThey stopped nomad lifestarted farming in India – Ganges Plain
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Began the Vedic Age
Aryan CivilizationAryan Civilization
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VEDASVEDASEarliest Hindu Earliest Hindu Sacred TextSacred Text
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Aryan Epic LiteratureAryan Epic Literature
Common languageSanskritSanskrit
Epic poems emerge
Rama and Sita
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Aryan Epic LiteratureAryan Epic Literature
The Mahabharata The Mahabharata India’s greatest epic poem- outlines religious beliefs, immortality,
and value duties
Rama and Sita
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HinduisHinduismm
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No single founderGrew from over-lapping
beliefs of various people
One of world’s most complex religions
HinduisHinduismm
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BrahmaVishnu Shiva
Most important gods wereBrahma, the CreatorVishnu, the PreserverShiva, the Destroyer
POLYTHEISIC
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Aryan Religion and Aryan Religion and HinduismHinduism
Many gods reveal some Character of Brahman
Brahman a single spiritual power beyond the many gods and the Vedas
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The Caste SystemThe Caste SystemAryan class divisions
groups into which people are bornsocio-economic roles (occupations)
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Hinduism and Hinduism and The Caste SystemThe Caste System
Why would people continue to live this way for a couple thousand years?
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Hinduism and Hinduism and The Caste SystemThe Caste System
govern all aspects of life to ensure
Spiritual PuritySpiritual Purity
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Hinduism and Hinduism and The Caste SystemThe Caste System
govern all aspects of life to ensure
Spiritual PuritySpiritual Purity
Karma and ReincarnationKarma and Reincarnation
SaṃsāraSaṃsāra
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MokshaMoksha- Liberation from the - Liberation from the
cycle -cycle -
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Achieving Moksha – the Achieving Moksha – the goal of lifegoal of lifeReincarnation - the upward trek toward
moksha through rebirth
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Reincarnation - the upward trek toward moksha through rebirth
Dharma - religious and moral duties.
Achieving Moksha – the Achieving Moksha – the goal of lifegoal of life
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Reincarnation - the upward trek toward moksha through rebirth
Dharma - religious and moral duties.
Karma - refers to all actions in life that affect your fate in the next life.
Achieving Moksha – the Achieving Moksha – the goal of lifegoal of life
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Reincarnation - the upward trek toward moksha through rebirth
Dharma - religious and moral duties.
Karma - refers to all actions in life that affect your fate in the next life.
Moksha – union with Brahman free self from selfish desires
Achieving Moksha – the Achieving Moksha – the goal of lifegoal of life
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Reincarnation - the upward trek toward moksha through rebirth
Dharma - religious and moral duties.
Karma - refers to all actions in life that affect your fate in the next life.
Moksha – union with Brahman.
free self from selfish desires
Non – Violence (Mahatma Gandhi)
Achieving Moksha – the Achieving Moksha – the goal of lifegoal of life