Early Africa

WARM UP

• Draw a small image that illustrates how you view Africa.

SAT word of the Day: REQUITE (v): reciprocate, repay, or get revenge

If you cannot draw, write a couple words that come to your mind when you think of Africa.

***TURN IN YOUR HOMEWORK TO THE TRAY

DID YOUR ILLUSTRATIONS OF AFRICA LOOK LIKE THESE???

MODERN AFRICA

LET’S DISPEL STEREOTYPES ABOUT AFRICA

Famous People from Africa

Agenda

• Do Now• Notes• Worksheets (2)• Group song or short story

Geography of Africa

• Extremely rich with natural resources

• Has more grassland than desert

What materials do we receive from Africa?

I. Empire of Ghana, 1000 • 2 biggest economic imported goods -

Gold & Salt• King was religious, military, and

political leader• Most Africans during this time were

very spiritual but not religious• They worshipped nature and the earth.

• The Sahara Dessert had harsh conditions that prohibited trade from flourishing

• Until the camel was introduced. Camels could travel 60 miles a day and go ten days without water

The Art and Music of Ancient Ghana

This is an example of a mask made by ancient Ghanaians years ago.

These masks were usually made to be worn

during ceremonies or rituals.

Drums are a traditional instrument in Ghanaian music. Many different types of drums were used to create different rhythmic beats, and they are still used

in Ghana today.

This is an example of traditional Ghanaian art. It

is what appears to be a man sitting and meditating, or perhaps even praying to

the gods.

II. Empire of Mali, 1400• Wealth was based on the gold trade• Timbuktu became a center of learning and

academics in the Muslim World• Attracted many scholars

• Mali ruler, Mansa Musa adopted Islam as the country’s religion

• Empire declined when the Gold trade (their main economic source) shifted Eastward

III. Empire of Songhai, 1500

• Songhai expanded into Mali’s area.

• Two important rulers: • Sunna Ali (Muslim)• Askia Muhammad (Muslim)

• Moroccan successfully invade Songhai because they lack modern weapons to fight them

• Ended the period of Empire rule in West Africa

Video Clip

How did cultural diffusion affect East African civilization?

I. East Coast Trade• Traded with Arabs in East Africa• Traded ivory and gold• New language:

• Swahili- combination of Bantu and Arabic

• Arrival of Europeans: Portuguese first arrive in Africa in 1488 and take over these east coast trade cities

II. Islamic Influence

• Muslim traders introduce Islam to East Africa • The head of the town, wealthy merchants and

government officials usually Muslim • Majority of the mass population maintained

their traditional beliefs: animism • Arabs enslave some East Africans

III. Southern Africa

• Great Zimbabwe• Good farming land• Center of the trade routes

• Became rich and powerful by taxing imported (items coming into the country) goods

• By 1450 the area was abandoned and no one knows exactly why

What are Bantu Migrations?

• 500BC• Iron helped communities expand by producing tools and weapons (ex. To cut down trees or for war)

What was Africa’s Iron Age?

Bantu: closely related African languages allowing many Africans to understand each other

Bantu people migrated, spreading knowledge of farming, language, and iron

Became dominant group in southern Africa

East and West African Kingdom Worksheet (25 minutes)• In groups of 2 (no more than 2)• One person will answer the questions for West African

Kingdoms using your textbook• The other person will answer the questions for East African

Kingdoms using their textbook• When you both are finished you will explain what you

learned about your African Kingdoms so that your partner will have information on it as well