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MarchLeaders-Bourkeand Kinlay

I Ulster Museumi Exhibition

Dublin University Student NewspaperThursday, 21st November, 1968. Price 4d. MARCH

The works displayed at theModem Art Exhibition in the New

i Library have been loaned to theCollege by the Ulster Museum.The collection has only beenassembled in the last six years andit includes many foreign modernworks as well as British and Irish.

The museum has restricted it-self to purchasing foreign workswhich have been created since thewar.

The Northern collection of con-temporary art is said to be one ofthe most exciting in any publicgallery in the British Isles.

The exhibition, which lasts forthree weeks, contains works oftwo talented sculptors, and somethree dimensional works, made of

i wood and metal, in addition to

i many paintings.Even though some works may

seem disappointing, Julio LePards " Continuel - Lumiere -

I Mobile," and Jesus Raphael Soto’s"Carre Aregente," certainlydeserve a look.

EEKS

RIGHT TO EDUCATIONTraffic was brought to a statndstill by the largest student

demonstration ever seen in Dublin’s streets. Students from allover Ireland marched to the Dail to complain about theprovisions of the Grants Bill.

5,000 students from Cork,Belfast, Galway, and Dublinmarched from CollegeGreen, where the two contin-gents from assembly pointsin Earlsfort Terrace andTrinity’s Front Square uni-ted. They marched singingclown O’Connell Street, pastthe GPO to the Departmentof Education, recrossed theriver and then made theirway to Leinster House.

The march was organised byUSI to draw attention to the in-adequacies of the proposed scheme.Howard Kinlay, USI President,said: "Education is a humanright" and it should not be theprerogative of a privileged few.USI objects to the Bill since itexcludes all students at present inhigher education or who obtainedfour honours in the Leaving Certi-cate prior to 1968, but who werefor financial reasons unable to takeup university or college places.In addition, the grants are con-sidered to be inadequate and notrelated to the high cost of astudent’s maintenance.

Kinlay proposes that the schemebe extended since it will at presentonly affect one-twelfth of the totalIrish student population. Hesuggests that grants be made to allstudents now in higher education.

This would cost an additional£600,000. USI’s proposals havebeen rejected by the Minister.

Mrs. Crawford

NEW TENANTS MUST

WAIT TO MOVE IN !For the first time in the College’s history accornrnoda-

tion has been made available for women within the Collegegrounds. Sets have been allocated for 7 Scholars and 2Fellows, but the rooms are empty, and may remain emptyuntil the end of term.

conditions in College. The Rubricsremains the only completely"unmodernised" block and becauseof its age may remain so for sometime. The Jacobean building pre-sents major architectural problemsand offers few prospects foradaptation.

Miss Vivienne Darling, Vice-Warden of Trinity Hall will act asResident Assistant Dean ofWomen Students to supervise thefemale students in New Square.Despite the completion of the re-decoration, women cannot yetmove in due to a technical hitch.The 12 o’clock rule will have tobe repealed or amended to allowthe Scholars to stay overnight. TheDisciplinary Committee, whosetask it is to revise "anachronistic"regulations has still to meet. What-ever its recommendations they willrequire the Board’s approval. Mrs.Denard, Dean of Women Students,said she did not know when theScholars and Fellows would movein, but added that it may well notbe until 1969.

The New Square rooms havebeen modernised at a cost of£76,000. Nos. 33 and 34, and 36and 37, are now linked by corridorsto allow the use of common facili-ties. Trebles have been eliminatedsince they were long felt to be un-satisfactory. Each student shouldhave his own separate bcdroomand this is not always the casewith treble rooms. The blocks havefull central heating from their ownboiler house to replace the anti-quated gas fires, for which studentswill pay £7.10.0. a quarter, com-mented Mrs. Crawford, Assistantto the Registrar of Chambers.

The project has been financedout of accumulated rents andmarks the near completion of aten-year plan to improve living

Members o[ the AFC picketed the Junior Dean’s office demanding thathe explain his "undemocratic" actions. The vigil began on Monday,although the J.D., Dr. McDowell, ignored the small group that gatheredoutside his office. After the Mass Democracy on Friday when JoeRevington, SRC Vice-President, dominated the discussion, the AFC

continues to make its silent protest.

Marchers assemble in Front Square.

Gardai stood behing the closedgates and the students began asit in, blocking most of KildareStreet and Molesworth Street.Some TD’s had to go into theDail by the back entrance. HowardKinlay addressed the marchersasking the Minister to defend hisBill.

Mr. Lenihan refused both tospeak and to listen to student rep-resentatives until the demonstrationdispersed, but when Sean O’Dris-coll, Education Vice-President ofU.S.I., was allowed into LeinsterHouse, the demonstration wasended.

SLOW DOWN ONEXPENDITURESOUGHT

The Financial Resolutionspassed by the Dail on November5th have added £2,000 to theCollege’s postage and telephonebill. The Treasurer has urgedmembers of the staff to makeeconomies to combat the "mini-maxi" budget. Greater use is tobe made of the Telex to save oncostly trunk calls; the use of airmail will be restricted; and tele-phone calls are to be cut to aminimum. Headed note paper willnot be used for internal mail, forwhat the Treasurer asks is the"cost-benefit of formality in in-ternal correspondence."

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TRINITY NEWS~Thursday, November 21, 1968.PAGETWO

TSRUGGER

RROW DEFEAT

UNDESERVEDTrinity 9; N.I.F.C. 11 pts.

Once again Trinity were hit by the early loss of a player,prop-forward Alexander having to leave the field with tornligaments in his shoulder, and against a surprisingly strongNorth side this handicap proved just too much to overcome.In fact, Trinity were unlucky to lose, conceding a controver-sial try and an unnecessary penalty when they twice lookedas if they might snatch victory.

During the first half-hour,Trinity did not seem to be relish-ing their task, but after poortackling allowed North through fortheir first try, more urgency creptinto the play and a fine 35-yardMcCombe penalty shortly after-wards left the team only twopoints in arrears at half-time.

After the resumption, Trinitywent into the lead with a try fromBlake-Knox who ran strongly tocapitalise on a good cross-kickfrom Hipwell. A blatantly offside

team was clearly premature andDonovan’s return to the centre canhardly be delayed much longer.Fresher Blake-Knox had an en-couraging game on the wing; onehopes that he will be¯ retained whenHerron recovers from his injuryand returns to the side. Murphydid not have one of his happiestdays at full-back and he has quitea few problems to solve beforeannouncmg his Colours team.

Mike Segal.

HOCKEY

TRINITY COMEFROM BEHINDTO WIN

Trinity 2; St. Ita’s 1.

Trinity recorded a good winover St. Ira’s in the 1st round ofthe Irish Senior Cup on Saturday.They attacked for much of thefirst half but were unable to trans-late their efforts into goals, hittingthe post on one occasion. Just be-fore half time St. Ita’s took ad-vantage of a Trinity defensiveerror and went ahead.

In the second half Trinitysettled down and put much moreeffort into their game. Within aquarter of an hour they deservedlydrew level, Douglas scoring¯ with agood shot following a short corner.A tense struggle ensued withanxious moments at both ends.Breen was finally able to giveTrinity their winning goal with amagnificent deflection followinganother short corner. The 2-1 re-sult was essentially a team effort,but Captain John Doughs mustbe singled out as he had a splendidgame in both defence and attack.

FENCING REVIEW

Fencing ProspectsTomorrow, Friday, Dublin University Fencing Club

goes into action against Glasgow University in the firstserious competitive match this season. When the two Univer-sities last crossed swords in April Trinity came out decisivelyon top, so hopes are high for a repeat victory.

The D.U. Fencing Club cur-rently holds the Irish UniversitiesChampionships, having won it forthe l lth time in 14 years. Nextterm the Intervarsities will be heldon home ground in Trinity, sothere is a good chance of retainingthe title.

Fencing in College has grownconsiderably in the last few yearsto the extent that it is rare not tohave at least one Trinity fencer inthe final of most significant Irishcompetitions. The one club inIreland that clearly outranksTrinity is Salle Duffy Club inSandymount, and to which mostof the better Trinity fencers owetheir success. Trinity fencers havein fact managed to take somewhereover 20 Irish titles in the last threeyears, largely due to the presence

of Professor Duffy as their officialcoach.

The Fencing Club has alsomanaged to build up good relationswith several European Clubs withrelatively recent tours to Holland,Germany and Hungary. There arecurrent invitations for the Club tovisit Berlin and Scandinavia. Apartfrom this there are several clubsclamouring to visit Trinity andIreland.

Trinity is gradually losing someof the fencers on whom it pre-viously relied, but provided it cankeep up good relations with allother Irish clubs it has a relativelybright future. How bright a futurewill be seen when Trinity facesthe Glasgow team tomorrow.

C. O’Brien.

interception by a North ferwardput us in arrears again, but tenminutes from time a magnificenttry, started on Trinity’s 25 andending with Hawkesworth goingover in the corner again gaveTrinity a single point lead. How-ever, the m~tch was lost when theball was handled in a loose serumand North made no mistake fromthe resuking penaky.

The forwards fought with greatspirit, and more than held theirown in the lineouts and loose play,akhough they could not hope togive any good ball from the tightscrums. Keane played well underconstant pressure but McCombehad a quiet game and missed atleast three shots at goal he wouldnormally have kicked. The three-quarters’ performance failed to in-spire confidence; they still lackreal penetration while their tacklingwas not up to its usual standard.Hutchinson’s comeback to the first

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--DICK WATERBURY SQUASH

Troubled Days for

............. h CI b......... ...... S q uas u ,.............................. :~Trinity Squash has for the last three years owed a lot

......................to Bill Barr, last year’s Captain, who has played seven times :.................for Ireland. He won the Ulster championship last season and

..........................is now ranked third in Ireland. Encouraged by the achieve-ments of Jonah Barrington, now the world’s leading player,Barr is going to Australia next September for a year ofSquash" it is a trip sponsored by a London stock-broking

..... firm, which gives an indication of his potential.

Bill Barr, Trinity’s No. 1 and Ireland’s No. 3 Squash player.

However, despite this individualsuccess, both Trinity teams arenow bottom of the Dublin ALeague, having lost all their sixmatches. These poor results arelargely due to a handicappingsystem which is based on thetraditional strength of Trinity inthis sport. This means that the bestfive players in College cannot playon the same team, but are insteaddistributed between the t,~o teamsso that they are of equal strength.In past years Trinity has beenable to overcome this handicap towin the League on occasions. How-

ever, the system takes no accountof the fluctuations in the playingstrength of the club. Althoughthere is a relative shortage oftalent this year, if the best fiveplayers were in the same teamthey would have a good chance ofwinning the League.

The side had a tour to Scandi-navia cancelled last year becauseof foot and mouth, but are hopingfor better luck with their prooosedtrip to Holland and Belgium dur-ing the Christmas vacation, whichcould improve next term’s results.

R. Pennant-Rea

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SOCCER

CUP KNOCKOUT FOR Ist XITrinity O; St. Brendan’s 4.

Trinity faced St. Brendan’s inthe second round of the Cup onSaturday in College Park andwere duly beaten 4-0 with a mini-mum of resistance, thus adding tothe other grim resuks this season.The club is now out of the Cupand without a single League point.

After last week’s dismal per-formance a completely reshapedteam took the field. Nelson, Has-sard and Rooney were brought intothe forward line in a 4-2-4 forma-tion, while Boss came on as oneof the twin centre-backs. Neither

side achieved anything for the first25 minutes. The steadiness ofHamilton in goal contrasted withthe play of the defenders in frontof him. Ill the 26th minute a poorclearance by Boss allowed a St.Brendan’s forward time to scorewith a magnificent 25-yard shot.Sheehy gave away a penalty nineminutes later to put Trinity twodown.

Within two minutes of the restartSt. Brendan’s were allowed to gothree up when one of their for-

wards intercepted a bad pass andhad no trouble in scoring fromclose range. 11 minutes later Jack-son and Smith missed a lob intothe penalty area, thus leavingHamikon once again helpless. Inthe remaining time Trinity cameback into the game, and bothFitzsimmons and Hassard testedthe opposing keeper with goodshots. It is hoped that the clubwill soon find a settled team, andlook for improvement on thisbasis.

D.W.

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TRINITY NEWS--]’hursday, November 21, 1968.

VRIHITY DIARY

Suffragette Histeria

The annual suffragetteprotest took place at the Hist.last week. It’s special featurethis year was the father-daughter alliance between thetwo camps. Chairing theHist meeting was Conor

of a faction of the Society. Thenoisy and angry exchange betweenmembers of the audience com-pletely drowned the speakerssome invited from Aberystwyth,Queen’s, Durham, and U.C.D.The guest speakers sat silent and

!i~iii~iii~ilililiiiiiiiii~i~il

amazed at the proceedings and thefew that did manage to speakwere drowned by the argumentfrom the floor¯ The time spent onthe question of women in the Histprecluded the others from evenexpressing their views.

Cruise O’Brien: leading theMilitants was daughter KateCruise O’Brien.

The meeting set out to debatethe concept of ’a just war’ but itwas soon interrupted by BillMcCormick, who wanted to discussthe admission of women. As thefurore grew Dr. O’Brien broke insaying he " could not be impartialon such principles." Dr. O’Brienhad apparently agreed beforehandwith his daughter to show hisviews. Hist member Brian Perrsonaccused Cruise O’Brien of "cheekand rudeness" in accepting thesociety’s invitation. He was not, ashe admitted himself, acting aschairman. Cruise O’Brien thenwalked out.

Mr. McCormick’s motion wasdefeated, to the great annoyance

Talkaround

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Bill Bare, final year HonoursEconomics student is to spend ayear in Australia playing squash.He is currently :Ireland’s No. 3and hopes that his stay abroad,with much keener opposition thanhere, will sharpen his game andimprove on his current position inthe ratings. He is being sponsoredby an English firm of stockbrokersand will therefore be able to con-centrate solely on his game with-out the mundane problem ofhaving to earn his living. Thereis no question of his turning pro-fessional at this stage but thereare many who wonder what willbecome of Phillipa Kennedy.

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Anonymous and Mike Graves-Johnston seem to have been pur-suing sport of a different sort.Teenybopping as is their wont,last week they offered a girl a liftback to Drumcondra. On reachingher home the girl opened a cup-board full of whips which wouldhave gladdened the eye of anyself-respecting B o r g i a, andpromptly requested that they allowher to beat them. Mike, of FlowerDrum Song fame, promptly rushedfrom the building but what becameof Anon. is not known.

Players, too, have their excitingmoments. The whispers that ’Pussin Boots’ will be the pantomimethis term instead of the advertised’Treasure Island,’ stem from thebirth of five kittens in the newlyopened Green Room to one of theCollege cats, who chose this venuefor a feline maternity ward.Stephen Remington, father-figureof the Society, denies paternityin this particular instance. Anotherpiece of good news for Players isthat their entry for the NUS festi-val has been deemed suitable forthe programme in Exeter. Theadjudicator saw the play, Strind-berg’s " The Creditors," directedby Keith Hornby, last Friday andsaid that he would certainlyrecommend it for inclusion.

The pavilion bar, however, isnot enjoying such good fortune.Figures for last year show a lossof £80 and it would seem that theremark about propping up the barcould literally be applied here tobeneficial effect.

Someone who cares no longerabout such parochial issues is BenMorgan, alluded to in this week’sletter. Ben, who failed last year,has decided to cut his losses andleave Trinity and Dublin forLondon where he will work for afirm who specialise in installingsound equipment. Charlotte willno doubt be pleased with hisdecision as presumably will manyleft-wingers.

PAGE THREE

Stands the clock

at ten to threeTo those among us who do not

possess a watch and to those whodo and set it right by the clock atFront Gate, the fact that thisworthy timepiece has been stoppedseveral times recently may not havepassed by altogether unnoticed.Time flies, we are told and soat first sight do the perpetratorsof this stop-go policy with theforty-foot high clock. The modusoperandi is however something farshort of miraculous. It appearsthat the culprit or culprits first gain

access to the catwalk which runsround the top of Front Square bymeans of one of the emergencyescape ladders which are at thetop of each block. Thence theysidle round until they are aboveRegent House and behind theclock, whose pendulum they stopbefore beating a hasty retreat.

The motive for such actions isnot easy to discover. KerryMcDermott and Mike Finch (whodo not have honey for tea) aremost perplexed by the whole issue.

T V DRAMACOMPETITION

BBC TV is organising a play competition open to all members ofuniversities or colleges of education in the British Isles. Duplicate scriptsof original material (never performed in any medium) must be sent inby 31st March. Plays must run for a scheduled fifty or seventy-fiveminutes of screen time and the first prize is £500, with deservingrunners-up sharing £250 between them.

The BBC reserves option on allentries and may perform them onthe television in the WednesdayPlay series. This includes entrieswhich do not win a prize. If per-formed, BBC will pay the standardfee to the author: £600 for 75minutes, £400 for 50 minutes.This is in addition to any prizemoney already won.

Plays must have a contemporarysetting and not involve too manysets, too large a cast or very muchoutdoor filming, which is expen-sive. Further details can be sentfor to :

Student Play Competition,BBC Television Centre,London W.12.

It would be a pleasant surpriseto see a Trinity student winning.

J.D.

picketedLast week the Junior Dean’s

rooms were picketed by a loneplacard bearing Internationalist.The Internationalists called on theJunior Dean to explain himself.Whether this implied a specificissue or more generally the archaicfunction of his office was notabundantly clear, but apparentlythe J.D. declined to explain any-thing. When Trinity News triedto find the J.D. and ask him abouthis attitude to being picketed, hecould not be found.

LETTER TOSir,--I find the attitude

displayed by Mr. BenjaminMorgan in his letter of Nov.

14th not appalling but

frightening.

As humans we are responsiblefor all other humans; those whoconsider themselves responsibleonly for themselves are, I think,inhuman. Please excuse my highmoral tone; I would refer you toSt. Matthew, Ch. 25 w. 40 butI don’t think I will after all. Asan eminent surgeon, Dr. Barnardis professionally responsible forhumans, and indeed to dividepolkics from other facets of lifeis an impossibility (I refer to thetrue politics of what happens toyou and me and them, not thefacial squabblings and high-powered tiddlywinks that we seeon TV and despise as such).Barnard and Benjamin and thereaders of Trinity News and I areall inculpated in the estrangementand suppression of people, whetherthey be S. Africans, Rhodesians,Biafrans, Czechs, A m e r i c a nNegroes or Brixtonians.

Nobody but S. Africa would becapable of accusing the MCC of"dragging politics into sports"when they had protested againstD’Oliveira’s exclusion, or wouldbe capable of the hypocrisy whichallows them to ignore the in-justices in their own eyes and yetfire at the motes in their brother’seyes. Ben denounces UNSA for" bad manners ": how well-man-nered is Voorster’s regime ?

THE EDITORBecause I believe this is wrong

I sat (reluctantly, it is true) forsix hours with 89 others on thefloor of Heathrow Airport, to stopa S. African--a boy of 18, knownby Immigration Control to havesupported Anti Apartheid--frombeing deported back to Johannes-burg and certain imprisonment.For dabbling in communist activi-ties is a capital offence in S. Africaand this boy was doomed by thefact that he had "Cuba" stampedon his passport. We have sincelearnt that because his name waspublished in the papers, his friendsand relations in Johannesburg werehounded by the police and sub-jected to hours of questioning; theycan no longer consider themselvessafe.

I would not attempt to dissuadeBenjamin Morgan from his beliefon moral grounds; I would notattempt to persuade him of any-thing, but I would ask him towatch for his own survival. He haschosen a good place to be a racist;a country where the few colouredsare generally of the "white mask"besuited and mini-minored type,and where, despite this, 98% ofthe landladies will not take them.But surely he and all of us mustrealise that the time is gallopingtowards us when the third worldwill lose patience and then noamount of concessions and CivilRights campaigns will appeasethem. Benjamin Morgan and youand I will then be swallowedwhole, irrespective of our formerglories, u Yours etc.,

Elgy Gillespie.

PAGE FOUR TRINITY NEWS~Thursday, November 21, 1968.

CCastro’s new�ount]ryI find it hard to talk about

Cuba; when I do try I comeout with little oddments likephones being free in Havanaor the popular trials held inthe streets. I saw a lot in mytwo months, enough to knowthe daily curriculum andwhat they ate for breakfast.There were three days in aworkers’ holiday camp in LasVillas~where we all quar-relled about what to put in atelegram to Fidel, and weretaken aback at the rally tofind fie didn’t read it aloudafter all. It was a mess ofsolidarities and liberationfronts which actually saidnothing ~ the telegram, Imean.

The rally itself was a verydomestic affair involving a crowdsome five times that of the crowdyou get in Trafalgar Square on aNew Year’s Eve. I could have shotFidel with a pea-shooter fromwhere I sat; up till that point Ihad been very uncomfortable inCuba, since we arrived (havingobtained permission from theBoard of Trade only three dayspreviously), completely ignorantof what we were going to do.

and mountains, advertising youth :"Ver la juventad es vet nonsolamente l’energia peru tembienla capacidad " together with pic-tures of strapping mulattos examin-ing test-tubes. It upset the oldermembers of the party (two Irishnavvies, a woman lawyer, abusinessman) quite considerably.Then we had discovered that therewere 700 other people in the camp,mostly European students it wastrue, but also representatives of allthe Latin American countries, plusa negro jukebox mechanic obsessedwith electro-magnetic transport,and all of them were fiercely play-ing the redder-than-thou game, atthe same time being mostly evenmore bourgeois than I. Also thefreeness-for-the-taking of every-thing in the camp : mosquito nets,boots, jeans, books, films (includ-ing ’Morgan’), guarapo juice~all except for stamps and maraccas--in return for four hours coffeeplanting, uneased me.

Castro RallyWhen I saw Fidel at the rally

I vaguely understood how Cubawas possible: how its eight mil-lion inhabitants will toil twelvehours a day, undergo sufficient butnot luxurious rationing, love Castrowith all their might, never covetworldly possessions and never takethe name of Che in vain. He

Mass democracy: Castro addresses a crowd in

vara calls a ’tuning fork.’ Hewould introduce a topic, explainit, explore it~all in easy wordswithout making it simplistic~hewould ask the fifteen-year-olds atthe front what they though; theywould reply and he would enlargefrom their reply. The crowd keptmoving continually, it being 100°Fand Fidel being good for anotherthree hours at least. I asked a sugarcaballeria champion if this meantrespect for Castro had declined:" Oh no," he replied, "it’s justthat we’ve got over the emotionalstage, we appreciate him intellec-tually now." When it was over I

gether’ and ’The Seven Somu-rais’ was showing at the localwhile ’Alvarez’ documentariesshowed on the side of a nearbywall. (In Havan I watchedMastroianna in ’Divorce, ItalianStyle’ on the side of the vast

students hostel).¯ After that we discovered theRussians had invaded Czechoslo-vakia. Consternation rife; Cubanswere despondent " There are otherkinds of imperialism than Ameri-can." We waited for Fidel to weighup publicly. A nasty moment,because we knew that if he defiedthe USSR 6/10ths of the sugar

GuerillasThere had been a paragraph inthe New York Herald Tribune, in-forming us that a party of 90British students were going toCuba to be trained in guerilla tac-tics and be indoctrinated. Werolled around the gangway of ourshudderingly old Czech plane,mirthful for the whole 17 hourstrip when we read that, but it wasno reassurance to arrive in aluxurious camp to the strains ofwhat sounded like ’Oh we do liketo be beside the seaside’ but was,in fact, the Cuban NationalAnthem, the Hymn of the Revolu-tion, confronted by vast hoardingsin the virgin palm trees, mangoes

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OUR WOMAN IN HAVANAspoke only of how it had been anasty year financially, how he wassorry that he’d only been able togive students two pairs of shoeseach, how he was going to attemptthe fixing of incomes graduallyfrom the bottom up, because theycouldn’t afford to lose highly-paiddoctors and scientists, how theeventual aim, he reminded them,was to abolish money altogether orjust use it as a means of distribu-tion~patria o muerte, venceremos.All through Fidel was what Gue-

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fek I had been having a conversa-tion with Castro about the family-budgeting over the kitchen table,throughout while he tickled hisleft nostril, chain-smoked and tug-ged his beard.

We spent countless afternoonsvisiting dams, community centres,farms, prisons (where I foundmany poems of despair and pro-verbs from the Bible on the wall),housing projects (which earned theapproval of the Irish navvies,Eamonn and John, consideringthey were bulk with voluntarylabour), schools, nurseries, theuniversity, artificial seminationcentres and so on. We took greatcare to criticise all of them to makesure our discriminatory facultieswere still alive, but when someonecomplained that the roses thepatients in the mental home wereplanting were subversively red, Irealised that the amount of senseand constructiveness Cuba couldteach Ireland, a small country inmuch the same situation as pre-revolutionary Cuba, was incalculable.

Isle of PinesThe most idyllic part was the

voyage across the peacock Carib-bean to the Isle of Pines wherewe stayed in another workers’ holi-day camp by the sea, where sup-plies of chilled Bacardi wereplenitudinous and where everythingwe visited in the way of planta-tions left us with armfuls ofcocoanuts, water melons and day-old chicks (hatched in incubatorsthat had been exchanged withCanada for the Bay of Pigs mer-cenaries). I wandered into atheatre in the town there, NuevoGerona, to find the Stones beltingout ’Let’s Spend the Night To-

harvest would stop going there andeconomically the situation wouldbe desperate. On the other hand ifhe supported it the ¯Americansmight use it as a lever to attackCuba. Besides, our plane wasCzech and it had been lost some-where in the furore; should wesend for a gunboat ? He supportedit, but not without giving theRussians a hefty kick " Do theyhelp Korea? Do they help Viet-nam? Would they help us? Would

Fidel Castro.

we ask them to?" During thistime the camp was claustrophobic.The French barricade-hardenedstoics to the last discovered anddenounced their CIA agent. Threeplanes of Dutch and Belgianstudents never arrived. I left forHavana and went to stay withvarious Cuban families; finding aplace to stay wasn’t difficult,though most Cuban families livein well-crammed conditions. Theyspend so much of their time out

Havana.

of doors on the verandah that thisdoesn’t seem to worry them. Idiscovered that the rations wereenough, since one meal was handedout on the job if you worked; ifyou are a woman you are expectedto put your children in their re-spective schools and nurseries andgo out and work too; if you areliving on a private income or com-pensation for property money youhave to queue outside restaurantstwo or three times a week tosupplement. Whoever you are,even if you’re the director ofthe Book Institute, you are expec-ted to do one paid day of toughagricultural work in the fields aweek as part of the job; if youfeel like going to one of theeastern provinces you again can gothere plus family, or to the Isleof Pines, and be paid the rate ofyour normal job. In addition manypeople work voluntarily in thegreen belt on Sundays; I wentalong with some student nurses atsix a.m. in a cattle truck to tendsome gandhul beans one swelter-ing Sunday morning, but as alwaysthey were a bit apprehensive.

Short SkirtsThey had not seen a European in

their lives, being very young nurses,and their attitude was a mixture ofintent curiosity (" Are all Euro-pean girls’ skirts as short as yours?Why don’t you wear make-up?)debordant enthusiasm (if I hadn’tthe money for bus-fares andoffered an Irish halfpenny inexchange I would get twenty-fivecentavo pieces shoved into myhand) exhaustless hospitality.

I grew weary of asking anybodythe way to anywhere, knowing thatthey would insist on singing meall the Beatles’ songs they knew,invite me to meet their family andpersist in giving me their coffeerations for the next week.

In reply to the question "Butdoes one feel free there?" I wouldquestion the existence of freedomanywhere. How free do you thinkyou are in this country? I thoughtI was free in England till I dis-covered that, leaving for Havana,all our passports had been photo-graphed by the MI5 " as a mereformality."

In Cuba you can worship as youlike; churches are well-attended,free chicken blood and snakes areissued for the voodoo santieros (toavoid a black market. Medical aidand education are absolutely freeand encouraged in every way,artists are given living wage grantsto enable them to paint and write

CONTINUED ON PAGE $.

,1968.

hat thisLem. Iis werehanded

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p as youtttended,akes areieros (to~ical aidEely freery way,;e grantsnd write’AGE 5.

[ TRINITY NEWS--Thursday, November 21, 1968.

OPPO

Trinity News: What do you seeas the role of the university ?

Bourke : My idea is that it is thefinal phase in education. At uni-versity a student gets his trainingand he gets the most basic ideaof what he’s going to do when heleaves.

Trinity News : Do you agree withAlan Matthews that it needs re-form ?

Bourke : I am as disgusted as AlanMatthews is with the present

VIEWS ON

TUDENT$" ROLEIn his President’s report to the SRC, Alan Matthews proposed revolutionary changes

in the University and in the SRC. It was too much for the SRC Council and he was de-feated by the considerably less radical Adrian Bourke. This week Trinity News runsinterviews with the two to show the gap between them and the decision the SRCCouncil had to make- between co-operation and revolution.

Bourke asks

for Co-operationstructure of the university and ofIrish society. Where we basicallydiffer is in the means of reformingit. His means is to get men whothink the same way he does andthen attack, attack, attack. Mymeans are more subversive, I pre-fer to attack from within. It’s onlyby the student taking part in theadministration of College that hegets an awareness of what’s goingon outside, and gets disgusted withit, so when he goes outside he in-tends to aker it. I believe in co-operation, by throwing an issue upin the air to make a row about it,you’re going to antagonise people.

Trinity News : How exactly areyou going to get change throughthe SRC ?

Bourke: I would certainly neverchange things by the method Alanadvocates, by people of similarviews coming together to do some-thing. I believe firmly that theauthorities of Trinity understandfully the problems of students.They’re not going to be herdedinto altering things. We’ve got tocome up with a damn good reasonwhy they should be changed.There is no use screaming it oughtto, it should be changed. That’s

CUBA: Our womanas they wish, sports are free,phones are free, one cannot gohungry or ill-clothed even if onedoes not work. Illiteracy is virtu-ally wiped out. Before, 70% couldneither read nor write. You wouldnot write ’I hate Castro’ on thepavement outside the HavanaLibre Hotel, but if you harboureda grudge against the revolution(and those that did came and toldme so) it would be the socialpressure of your neighbour’s con-trary opinions rather than bayonet-point dramatics that would causeyou to feel constrained. This wasexplained to me by a Cuban calledJohnny, who came back to Cubabefore the crisis, in ’61; "If youhave three men in a factory, allunion members and all getting thesame, but two of them do volun-tary overtime and the third doesn’t,the third is going to feel harddone by if the others don’t lethim speak because of it. " Thecounter-revolutionaries I metusually gave their reasons as theshortage of beer, the closing of thenightclubs, the fact that their hot-dog businesses had been closeddown, that they had been touristguides and there were now nomore tourists, or that because ofthe severe economic embargowhich impedes Cuba from attain-ing most of the goods she needs---

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in Havana-contd.biro-points are rare. As for writing,there is no centralised censorship,but panels made up of other artists.Indeed, a film which a lot of myparty considered counter-revolu-tionary was running in centralHavana when I was there. Thereis a fierce anti-bureaucratic feeling.For instance, the owners of newhouses were asked where theywanted their inside walls to be.

Miller’sCriticism

Nick Miller’s indefensible critic-ism that Cuba only became com-munist because America wouldn’taid them before the crisis, Icannot answer, only observing thatit is now communist; (I saw aunion election at a tobacco factory,various Revolution Defence com-mittees and popular street trials,and was satisfied that it is apopularised country) and that ifyou look at the articles of the1940 Constitution and the writingsof Marti, the anti-Spanish revolu-tionary, which are what Castro hadsupported since his attack (fruit-less) on Moncada barracks in ’53,you will find it surprisinglysocialist. I don’t usually think ofends justifying means, but takinginto consideration the fact that 90miles from Florida is a bad placeto go red anyway, I would thinkit has done so successfully here.It was small things like no adver-tising, fewness of cars, and peoplehandling a lot of money with littleto spend it on except restaurants,that took getting used to; but nowI have acclimatised myself toCuba and cannot reacclimatise my-self to the humilities of capitalism.I still sometimes expect to wakein a haze of white mosquito netand feel pained when it isn’t there.

If you would like to visit, writeto the Secretary, 23 HamiltonGardens, London NW8.

Elgy Gillespie

dreaming, wishful thinking.

Trinity News: In his President’sreport Alan Matthews made fourcriticisms of the present SRC.What do you think of them; takingthe first one -- that the SRC isbased on the-belief that the aimsof authorities are ultimately thesame as the students ?

Bourke : Alan’s criticism is anunthought-out generalism. Thatwould mean the Agent for exampleis there just serving the staff andnot giving a damn about thestudents. No, the SRC must workwith the establishment provided it’snot led up the garden path. But it’snot my belief the SRC is beingso led. For instance, I don’t takethe view that the new Board Com-mittees are a fob.

Trinity News : Matthews secondcriticism was that there was nobasis for unity with 36 SRC coun-cillors all having conflicting ideas.

Bourke: I sincerely hope thatmany conflicting ideas will emerge.I refuse to believe that any SRCdecision, on the Merger forexample, is the best one.

T̄rinity News : Thirdly Matthewsspoke of the gap between the SRCand the main student body.

.Bourke : SRC is going to thestudents. I’ve had three complaintsin the last five days and I’m takingeach one up personally as a kindof ex-officio ombudsman. JoeRevington is setting up a WelfareCommittee to find out whatstudents want, not what AlanMatthews wants, but what JoeBloggs in first year BusinessStudies wants. He’s going out intothe highways and byways to findout what the consensus of studentswant. I’m not interested in theGreat Left of Trinity, they canlook after themselves. I’m interes-ted in the other three thousandand what they want.

PAGE FIVE

Matthews argues

RevolutionTrinity News : What is your viewof the role of the university ?

Matthews : At the moment therole is quite clear, k is an econo-mic one providing technicians,administrators and so on forsociety. The university’s functionought to be forwarding theinterests of the oppressed class,those who are denied economicpower.

Trinity News: Isn’t it necessarythat society be changed for thetype of university you want toexist ?

Matthews : Yes, that’s true. Wemust have a revolution in societybefore the university can serve itsproper function.

Trinity News: Can the SRC beused to change the university ?Bourke says this can be done effec-tively only from within thesystem.

Matthews : I think when AdrianBourke and I are talking aboutchange we’re talking about twodifferent things. The type ofchange the SRC can carry outthrough talking to the authoritiesis aimed merely at increasing thecomfort of students. The change Iwant to see is in the politicalawareness of students. This ischange that would oppose thecharacteristics of our educationalsystem. If in fact this was achievedwith all the upheavals it wouldentail I don’t think people wouldworry too much about dingy digsand so on. By dealing with minormatters the SRC is going off intobyways which will actively hinderthe second type of change. Ob-viously it is better to work withthe authorities for the first type,but for the second it is impossible,because the authorities are opposedto the students. They have to be.

Trinity News : What can be doneto achieve this second type ofchange ?

Matthews: By opposing thevarious parts of the educationalsystem which are related to the

needs of capitalism. There are fourmain areas. Firstly and most im-portantly is the oppression, or asI prefer to call it, the deprivationof students. The whole purpose oflearning at the moment is not sothat the student will be able touse his knowledge, but so that hecan pass an exam. What shouldhappen is that the students shouldlearn facts because they will beneeded in the next stage of theirinquiry.

Secondly, research. It should beused as a teaching method; at themoment it is done not from thestudent’s point of view, but forthe people who finance it, the drugfirms and so on.

Thirdly, there are the arbitraryeducational decisions. These runfrom lack of consukation over theMerger to arbitrary exam results.

Fourthly there is no attempt torelate theoretical knowledge topractical ¯problems.

Trinity News : You have criticisedthe SRC for having no basis forunity. Bourke argues that conflict-ing ideas are vital.

Matthews: The lines of thoughtin the SRC aren’t really conflict-ing in the context of the types ofchange I was talking about. Reallythe only arguments they can haveare in the priorities they attach tovarious issues. Over the Merger,for example, they’ve got to find outwhether it will increase the ’com-fort’ of students. In a generalsense, any action immediately im-plies the domination of one line;one must allow continuous critic-ism from minorities which dis-agree.

Trinity News : Bourke argues thatif you had become president youwould have been unrepresentativeof the students as a whole.

Matthews : I don’t believe theelectoral type of democracy givesa good view of what students want.I would have acted on what Ibelieved on any particular occasion

to be correct, and if students didn’tagree they could resort to theukimate sanction.

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PAGE SIXTRINITY NEWS~Thursday, November 21, 1968.

E

A DRAMATIC STRINDBERGStrindberg may not have

been the inventor of the"well-made play," but "TheCreditor" xs one of thosetight, self-sufficient playswhere everything links upwith everything else and thewhole thing is set in highdrama. It is like Ibsen andMiller. If there is a knife onstage it will be used, if thereis a door it will be opened, ifthere are three characters(and there are) each one willhave a scene with each other.

The plot is basically a menage~i trois, with an ex-husbandattempting to revenge himselfupon his former wife and her newhusband. A consistent theme isthe responsibility of each man forhimself and for others in a worldwithout God; everyone is acreditor and has a creditor.

Julian Brett plays the formerhusband, Ludvig, with uncom-promising complexity. Complexityis a dangerous thing for an actor,especially in a one-act play; it isdifficult to be both effective andsubtle, indeed it is impossible un-less the actor has a firm grip onthe character beneath its changesand moods. Julian Brett has thiskind of, grip and can afford to

be a goading Iago and a middle-aged man who is aware of hisown loneliness, aware that he hassevered his last human connectionin the course of taking his revenge.

The husband, Adolph, playedby Jeremy Kynaston, has beenwrought to a pitch of hysteria inthe eight days of Gustav’s visit,prior to the action. Mr. Kynastonhas accomplished the difficult taskof justifying the intensity withwhich his performance must there-fore open. Adolph is an invalid, acripple, and Mr. Kynaston re-conciles the invalidism with thedynamism of his character bycapturing a feverish quality.

Noelle Douglas, in the role ofTekla, Adolph’s wife and Gustav’sformer wife, has also opted for acomplex interpretation. The partcan be played as a flirtatious bitch,but to do so would change thenature of Gustav’s and Adolph’stragedy. Tekla must be a moreprofoundly attractive woman thana mere flirt. Understanding this,Miss Douglas attempts to give hercharacter a deep understanding ofthe scene, an almost ironic controlshowing through in her reading ofeach line. This is one way ofattaining the necessary profundityof the character, but it conflictswith the master-mind aspects ofGustav, and renders slightly un-convincing the case with which

Tekla is seduced by her firsthusband.

As a curtain-raiser for the longone-act of "The Creditors," Mr.Hornby has chosen Strindberg’s"The Stronger," a very shortmonologue addressed to a silentwoman by her friend. It is not avery good play. The gimmick israther too apparent in having onecharacter silent, and the territorywhich is covered by the speaker istoo broad to sound more thanglib. In the five-minute speech weare to learn about their friendship,their struggle for the same man,the hatred and jealousy whichcame out of this struggle, and thecontrast between the sterility ofthe theatre with a home life andchildren.

To all this Mr. Hornby has un-fortunately seen fit to add alesbian note, in an attempt to addsome life to the play. Theexperience was not unlike eatinga whole salmon on a thin biscuit.Angela Madigan and SusanHughes acted the speaking parton akernate nights. Miss Hughesemphasised the fact that hercharacter was an actress and playedthe scene aggressively, MissMadigan underplayed and lookedmore for the sympathy in thecharacter. Both actresses tried, butthe play and the direction wereall against them. Daniel Shine.

News in the ArtsMarston/Brecht Blues Assembly

Players’ Term Production, whichstarts in a week’s time, Marston’s’The Malcontent,’ is going to beshown at Castletown House (Des-mond Guinness’ Georgian SocietyShowpiece). The play will beshown in the kitchen, which ismore of a Great Hall, to peoplewho are prepared to pay about £1for play, dinner and claret cup atthe interval. Veering strongly fromHigh Society and its trappings,Players are arranging a BRECHTSTUDY GROUP in collaborationwith the German Embassy and theInstitute of German Culture.

Trinity’s home-grown BluesGroup is on the verge of breakinginto the Irish Pop(?) scene. Twodates at the Countdown (MaryStreet) as a sole attraction--doesBlues go with a suburban dis-cotheque atmosphere? ~ and amuch appreciated evening for a’ jeans’ audience at the Art Societyhave led to further bookings atthe Countdown and a booking atthe APARTMENT Club. Stronghopes that the group are not in-fluenced by Irish promoters tostop playing blues in favour ofcommercial rubbish.

Free Library

The new Art Society’s buildingis the home of the first FREElibrary in Dublin. The idea be-hind this is to get away frombureaucracy ~ there will be nomembership list (the Mod. Lang.Lending Library now imposesexorbitant fines for late books),anyone can take books out. It ishoped they will contribute booksin return. They range from trashnovels to back copies of theCatholic Standard and the VillageVoice to serious novels. The ven-ture is based on trust. Perhaps ifyou do trust people they repaythat trust. Perhaps it will provethere really is something wrongwith the New Library MilitaryRegime.

Dedicated to Keith, Gordon.Maurice and the Vice Squad:who uncompromisingly pur-sue that which makes them

happy.

WILLIAM BURROUGilS(author of ’The Naked Lunch,’ ’Nova Express,’

’ Dead Fingers Talk,’ ’]unkie,’ etc.)and

DOM SYLVESTER llOUEDARD(famed concrete poet)

are at present both in Ireland. It is hoped toarrange a reading for these two avant-gardewriters (their first in this country). This willprobably be on FRIDAY (tomorrow) at the Folk

Song Society in the Dixon Hall.

WATCH FOR NOTICES

Films in Dublin

’ HANG ’EM HIGH’ (Savoy)is an American attempt at repro-ducing the Italian WesternMovies’ success (’A Fistful ofDollars,’ etc.) which also starredClint Eastwood. Although theAmerican version incorporatessome of the Italian trade-marks ~ extreme violence, fiatphotography, lack of emotionit differs basically in that liketraditional-style westerns, it has amoral: that of bringing justice toa new territory. The hero, unlikethe totally self-sufficient, moneymotivated hero of ’The Good, theBad and the Ugly,’ actually getsinterested in a woman~althoughhis love scenes are disappointingwhen compared with his killingscenes. ’ VILLA RIDES ’ (Carl-ton) is a glamourised tale of theMexican ’ Revolution’ led by thebandit (shades of ’ SalvatoreGuiliano ’) hero Pancho Villa. Thefilm does not attempt an evaluationof the revolution (’ InternationalSocialist’ criticised it as a petty-bourgeois entertainment) and ismore in the mould of ’The Mag-nificent Seven’ with Yul Brynneras the Robin Hood with a devo-tion to the leader he thinks isright, Charles Bronson as thehumourously cold-hearted killer,and Robert Mitchum looking mar-vellously drunk/sleepy. It is a goodentertainment film with well con-structed (not model) battle scenes.Fortunately these are not the onlyring in the film, as is the case in’ Epics’ and it is interesting to seeBrynner with hair, even if it is onlya wig. All this week’s films seemto be in the category of adventure/tough. Frank Sinatra in ’THE

DETECTIVE’ (Capitol) is asympathetic New York cop whoruns the gamut of a nympho-maniac wife (with psychologicaltroubles from her childhood")drug addiction (heroin not pot asthe ’Evening Herald’ fails todistinguish), queers, homocidesand so forth. Shots of New Yorkin the early morning--predictablebut nevertheless exciting, if youlike hard cop movies.

Billy Wilder has lost the senseof humour that sent everyone backto " Some I.ike it Hot " time andagain. "THE ODD COUPLE"features Jack Lemmon doing thesame balless stunt once too often,Walter Matthau, who is funnysometimes, and a host of the usualstock comedianes. The basic jokeis two men deprived of their wives(in humorous ways) who set uphouse together and make a messof it.

Players’ Worries

Last Friday Players held anExtraordinary General Meeting forthe purpose of bread and butterchanges to the Constitution. Theinteresting part of the meeting wasthe Chairman’s (STEPHENREMINGTON) statement of hisfears about Players. These werethat members of the Society arebecoming almost totally apathetic,except a hard-core minority, andthat people are only interested inthe glamorous jobs and not thehard work. It was rather strangeto hear him say that the Societymight be in danger of folding

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when ostensibly it is flourishingwith the new ’Green Room’ andso forth. It would be a grave pityif ’Players’ failed and a solutionmust be found to revitalise theSociety and to get people interestedin the theatre. Perhaps the answerwould be experimental workgroups and more communication~interaction within the Society.Theatre people take heed and DOSOMETHING.

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don,

Luadlpur-:hem

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le sense

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strangeSocietyfolding

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dise theaterested.~ answer1 workmicationSociety.

and DO

script inition.

0

TRINITY NEWS--Thursday, November 21, 1968.

Analysis

GRANT SCHEME-NOT ENOUGHNEIL HOLMAN

In recent years British students have managed to live far moreconffortably than their Irish counterparts. In addition to a maintenancegrant (The maximum of which has just been raised from £340 to £360),the Local Education Authorities pay fees, all travelling expenses above~4 a term, and vacation grants which cover the costs of extra curricularcourses and revision for exams done outside the term. Thus a studentoften receives a sum well in excess of £400 m adequate support forthat portion of the year he spends studying--and is left free to earnmoney during the vacations.

The recipient of a large grant is,to a great extent, financiallyindependent of his parents, but is,however, completely at the mercyof the Government. Although thegrant has just been increased ithas not kept pace with the cost ofliving and students are powerlessto stop it devaluing still further.They are in no position to nego-tiate increases with the Govern-ment, to whom they contributelittle.

Up to this year there was nofinancial aid for Irish students:While in theory nobody in Englandneed be excluded from universityon grounds of poverty, in Irelandthe son or daughter of a profes-sional man stood fifty-two timesmore chance of reaching highereducation than the child of alabourer.

Then this year the Bank ofIreland launched a loanscheme for post-graduate and finalyear students while the Govern-ment began paying grants tostudents with parents in the lowerincome groups. As well as satisfy-ing the financial requirements,

applicants for grants must obtainat least four honours in theLeaving Certificate examination.Only students who entered univer-sity and took their Leaving Certifi-cate examination this year areeligible to receive money.

USI have launched a massivecampaign to have the grants ex-tended firstly to those students whotook the Leaving Certificate ex-

Students in receipt of grants

may not take up jobs

during the vacation

amination before 1968, but onlyentered college this year; secondlyto all students at present in Collegewho satisfy the financial and aca-demic requirements but are exclu-ded because they came to College

before the grants scheme began.Last Friday’the Minister forEducation, Mr. Lenihan, rejectedthese demands on the grounds, thatthey were excessive.

Only 6% of Irish students areat present receiving a grant. Theyreceive up to £300 but this has toinclude fees, travel, and all otherexpenses. Nor can it be supplemen-ted by the student because theMinistry for Education has recentlydecreed that students in receipt ofgrants may not take up jobs dur-ing the vacation. In cases whereparents cannot support the student£300 is a totally inadequate sumto finance a year’s study.

There are further crkicisms ofthe Grants scheme and furtherquestions that the Government hasleft unanswered. They have notmade it clear whether grants willbe available to post-graduatestudents or to students studyingoutside the State. There’ are in-consistencies in the scale used fordetermining the size of the grants,

PAGE SEVEN

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Mr. Lenihan

and it has been suggested that be-cause of the means test, a socialstigma will ultimately becomeattached to the receipt of a grant.

In spite of the USI’s campaign,--petitioning T.D.s, lobbying theMinistry for Education, organisingmarches and distributing leaflets--they have in reality, very littlebargaining power m trying tobring about early reforms. At themoment the Government seem tobe taking a very high-handedapproach to student demands.Their scheme has so far been hall-marked by gross miscalculation andconfusion. Justice demands that thescheme should be reformed and itis hoped that justice will prevail.

Howard Kinley, President of USI.

Richter’s Musical ClimaxAs with Russian interpretation

of ballet, SVIATOSLAV RICH-TER suggests that art is anexpulsion of the passions ratherthan a refinement.

The piano is a barbarous instru-ment that has to be alternatelythunked and tickled; they becomesimbiotic to a degree whereRichter and the piano are no moreseparable than ego and superego.

His approach to the piano isdevoid of flourishes, religiousveneration or Semprini-type cosi-ness; h’ke a fat twelve-year-old hebites straight into it as though it

were a Procea-loaf and he veryhungry.

This wasn’t the best of tech-niques, I felt, for the Bach SuiteNo. 2. The piano lacks the powerto suspend sounds the way anorgan can, swirling them insideyour head when they’re no longerphysically present. Since Bachwrote them for organ, it requires,I think, a player capable of gener-ating a cathedral glow or rever-ence to transpose the bare exerciseof wheeling progressions. Mytheory is that it should be playedby a woman, since women go aboutBach in a less methodical, more

subjective way. And I don’t meanMyra Hess, though she knew’how to make mathematics humane’as Tarquin in Durrells "The BlackBook" describes Bach.

The Beethoven, the ’Eroica’(Fifteen Variations and Fugue)was again executed with hostileperfection. In parts I felt Richterdidn’t like the music; written inthe earlier (not earliest) stage ofBeethoven’s life, it lacks a fineordering of the sense of dramatictiming. But I have to confess Ispent most Of it with my earcleaved to the crack in the sound-proof doors hearing damn all.

But the Mussorgsky would havebeen worth lying prostrate on theroof of the R.D.S. with earcrushed against the tiles. Thepromenade is one of those themesthat everybody knows (re-do-fa-soh / doh / la-fa-soh-re-doh) be-cause it’s used for documentariesabout expeditions to the NorthPole but, in fact, "Pictures froman Exhibition" is a description ofthe pictures and drawings atHartmann’s posthumous expositionin Moscow, 1874. It is an extra-ordinary work for its time;Mussorgsky, a close friend of Vic-tor Hartmann, is depicting thebareness of his Hartmannlessworld, the warmth residual in the

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gallery and the strength of hisdrawing, bringing you back to themisery of his absence. Ravel’sfamous orchestration was, peoplegenerally think, an improvement,since it fleshed the bones of themusic, especially in the gloriousfinal "La porte des Bohatyrs deKiew’ which Ravel adorned re-plete with Gothic ornamentation,buttresses and bells in fittingmonumentality. But Richter re-minds us that it was not the gates,just a drawing of the gates, andthe starkness of the single pianois not inadequate, but pathetic andlonely, full of faded but movingmajesty. Oh, Eisenstein.

This unbelievable delivery wasjustly cheered, acclaimed, encored.So Richter reappeared in the no-nonsense way of a People’s Artistof the USSR and~to prove hecould be delicate and that he pre-ferred the 20th century -- per-formed (I think) one of Debussy’s’ Romanische’ with his usual con-fidence, entirely from memory(again, as usual).

Brought up in the Ukraine andOdessa trained under Neuhaus inMoscow and Nadia Boulangier inParis, Richter must have seensizeable chunks of interesting his-tory. Unfortunately, he doesn’tspeak a word of English. I hopehe comes back again; arranged atfour weeks’ notice, the concert wasthe musical climax of the year.

E.G.

,000 STUDENTS

REJECT MERGEROVER 3,000 students attended the Teach-in on the Merger held in UCD last Friday.

Though the majority of students were from UCD, there was a large contingent fromTrinity. From the audience’s reaction to the speakers it soon became clear that themood of the meeting was predominantly anti-Merger. Speakers included a cross-section ofstaff and students from UCD and Alan Matthews, Tommy Murtagh and Senator Sheehy-Skeffmgton from Trinity.

Alan Matxhews thought that theGovernment were not trying tosolve a far greater problem, thelack of equality in higher educa-tion" a middle class child has a33 ~’o chance of going to universitybut the child of a labourer of0.3°/o. He claimed that theGovernment had never been on theside of students and they wereinterested in higher education fortwo unsatisfactory reasons. Thefirst is that it is a good investmentplan" young people are beingtrained to take over the managerialand administrative positions in thecountry. Secondly, according to theTaoiseach, the country develoo a

good image abroad if they investa lot in education.

Mr. Tommy Murtagh, lecturerin French, said that students hadto bring pressure to bear to wintheir demands. He urged theaudience not to be duped byapparent concessions offered bythe authorities, students cannotafford to accept them.

He outlined two effects theMerger would have: firstly aclerical influence would begin topermeate through many courses,and secondly that the Governmentwould, to a large extent, runthenew university and he added, thathaving seen the way they handled

Mac Liammoir draws CrowdThe Phil was packed to capacity

on. Thursday night when MichaelMacliammoir was a guest of theSociety at Richard Pine’s readingof his paper, " Oscar Wilde, Saintor Sodomite? "

Pine spoke of Wilde’s status asthe "founder of English aesthetic-ism," his trial for Sodomy as aconsequence of his "frivolous loveaffair" with Lord Alfred Douglas,and his death in "poverty and dis-honorable squalor," in Paris in1897.

Calling Wilde an "entertainerand brilliant wit," Pine alsodescribed Wilde as a man with a" soul so heavy with some grief asto have often written his ownepitaph."

Macliammoir praised the " Sen-sitivity" of Pines paper but

objected to his statement *.hatWilde’s relationship with Douglaswas "frivolous." Rather, Mac-liammoir said, it was a "profoundand lasting passion." He spoke ofthe man’s "undeniable selfhood,"

and commented that Wilde was"no more fitted for tragedy thanShakespeare’s Desdamon."

The tragedy of Wilde, he said,was "heightened by the fact thathe was so essentially joyous," "~acongenial, good humoured andperfectly mannered wit."

This week’s stories by: TheNews Editor, Neil Holman, SueTarrants, John McClancy, JohnMcLaughlin, Paul T a n s e y,Eamonn McCann, Margaret Barry,Tom Roche, Piers McCausland.

New ComputerA new computer, worth approxi-

mately £200,000, is being installedin the Fellows Garden and isexpected to be completed by themonth. It will be used by theLibrary but also for teaching andresearch and will be available tostaff and students through ter-minals based in special rooms.

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the Referendum they should notbe allowed to tamper with a thingas vital as education. He finishedby saying that if students’ de-mands were rejected they shoulduse the workers’ weapon~strikes.Mr. Murtagh’s speech was greetedwith standing applause.

Only one of the importantspeakers, Senator Garret Fitz-gerald, Economics lecturer atUCD spoke in favour of theMerger.

UNSAExplain Protest

Replying to Ben Morgan’scriticism of their demonstrationduring Dr. Barnard’s visit last

week, UNSA stated that theywere demonstrating against "thegross inhumanities involved in theapartheid policy in South Africa."In a letter to Trinity News, signedby all the committee, they critic-ised Dr. Barnard for not speakingout against apartheid and felt thatthey had to remind students ofthe situation in South Africa. Theyrejected Morgan’s charge of badmanners and damage to Trinity’sreputation and said they woulddemonstrate again in any similarcase.

MENTALBREAKDOWN

I nan interesting and amusingmeeting at the Eliz last week Dr,Melia, the college psychiatrist, andMr. Poole, behavioural psycholo-gist, led the discussion on "MentalBreakdown."

Dr. Melia considered that men-tal breakdown was based on ourprimitive reactions to anxietywhich are totally inappropriate inthe modern world and thereforeled to a build-up of prolongedphysical reactions which gave riseto unpleasant symptoms. He saidthat the most important sources ofstress laid rested between our work,sexual and social lives. In con-cluding, he said that the relianceby Trinity students on the won-drous powers o f alcohol sublima-ted most of these stresses.

Mr. Poole suggested that stu-dents were generally more suscept-ible to mental breakdown becauseof greater isolation, social rejectionand internal conflict. He alsocriticised the exam system which,he claimed, led to a permanentstate of conditioned anxiety.

Editor: NICK SHARMAN; Assistant Editor: Geoff Pack; News:Stuart Henderson; Features: Francis Ahem; Arts: John Rawlins;Sport : Dick Waterbury; Trinity Diary : David Naisby-Smith. Photos :Ray McAleese. Secretary : Calla Graves Johnston. Business Staff:Mick O’Gorman/Roger Glass (Managers); Gary Collier/Iain Donnelly(Advertising); Colin Butler (Treasurer); Gary Young (Circulation);Caroline Atkinson (Secretary). STAFF: Nell Holman, Kevin Pritchard,Bruce Stewart, Sue Wright, Daniel Shine, jacques de Ros6e, RupertPennant-Rea.

News Photographs by: RAY MeALEESE and cHARLES SCOTT.

Dublin Thursday, 21st November, 1968.

¯ ¯ ¯

Trnnnty News takes a Itne

on academic freedomThe university’s function is to train people to fill jobs.

An economist, for instance, is trained to deal with the range’of problems that will arise in his government or 151 post.

Teaching is therefore primarily concerned to pass on aspecific range of knowledge and facts that are useful forthe job. It is consequently designed on certain lines. Thelecturer, possessing the necessary experience, transfers itto the passive notebooks of the students. At the end thestudent’s aiblity to regurgitate this knowledge is measuredby exams (or now more and more, by ’continual assess-ment’) and he is passed into society a graded, labelledpackage.

Thus it is that the present teaching system is limitingand in a sense oppressive. It allows only a certain range oftheory to be examined. Basic criticism is stifled or at bestnot encouraged.

This is not what the university’s function shouicl be--nor is it the result it should be achieving. The aim shouldbe to develop the student’s understanding. The result shouldbe that the fullest range of practical and theoretical frame-works are examined. This can be clone only by disassociatingthe university from the job-role. For it is this association,working through the assessment system which is the limit-ing factor. Assessment, which assumes the all powerfulauthority of the teacher, should be abolished. The lecturesystem too must be changed, and lectures become anopportunity to develop ideas under the guidance and en-couragement of the lecturer. A full range of alternativetheories can be examined and subjected to criticism. Thepresent rigidified structure must be freed of its old bondsand a completely flexible one substituted.

The charge most often levelled by critics against sucha change is ivory towerism--theory and the hard, practicalworld are divorced. We will still, they say, need trainedeconomists, scientists, etc. In fact an academically freeuniversity will produce far better economists and scientists.For they will be people able to take a much wider view oftheir jobs and ready to examine a greater range of alterna-tives. They willfi in short, be broader, more flexible jobfillers.

The present university system cannot be modified toallow such change, for the lecturers as a group have them-selves been trained to fill a specific role -- passing onknowledge -- and to think of this as the limit of their job.This feed-back mechanism ensures that the present structureis self-perpetuating. A revolution at attitudes and ofstructure is therefore necessary.

The first implies lecturers must be prepared to guide,not to dictate. The second means that all assessment mustbe dropped.

This means the basis of student action against theauthority must change--at the moment it is based only ontncreasnng "comfort" of the university.

TONIGHT AT THE PHILMARCUS COLLIE WILL READ HIS PAPER:

FRENCH CANADADistinguished Visitors-

PROF. ROBERT MACKENZIE, PROF. JEAN BLONDEL.

G.M.B. 8.15 p.m. (Tea 7.45) Private Business

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