EMERGING ELECTRONIC IMAGING SYSTEMS

Nicholas Georgengeorge@troi.cc.rochester.eduFebruary, 2002

ELECTRONIC IMAGING SYSTEMS, THE INSTITUTE OF OPTICS, ROCHESTERRESEARCH PROJECTS AND GOALS

NICHOLAS GEORGE, PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR

DOCTORAL SCHOLARS AS LISTED

RESEARCH TOPIC NOVEL ASPECT / GOAL PERSONNEL

ALL-DIGITAL ADAPTIVE OPTICAL

SYSTEM

A. HORIZONTAL LINE-OF-SIGHT FOR IMAGING THROUGH TURBULENCE, FOG, OR HAZE

B. THEORETICAL STUDIES: INFORMATION PROCESSING

WANLI CHI

H. ROYCHOWDHURY

KEDAR KHARE

IMAGE RECOVERY A. FOURIER OPTICAL STUDY OF GRIN ARRAY IMAGING

B. DISTANCE INVARIANT BLUR

XI CHEN

SPECKLE A. INTERFERENCE AT LOW LIGHT LEVELS AND SCANNING

KEDAR KHARE

AOR A. IMAGE QUALITY ASSESSMENT

B. MATCHING THE PATHOLOGIST

WEIZHEN YAN

3-D OBJECT PROFILING

A. SMART CAMERA FOR AUTOMATIC CONTOURING A SCENE, PORTABLE, AFFORDABLE

CHRISTOPHER J. DITCHMAN

EXOTIC HOLOGRAPHY A. HOLOGRAPHY OF NON-RIGID OBJECTS

B. EXOTIC MULTI-SPECTRAL MULTILAYERS FOR OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS

WADE COOK

DAMON DIEHL

DISPLAY

d

DIGITAL

COMPUTER

ALGORITHM

s

LOGARITHMICLENS* CCD

SMART CAMERA FOR EXTENDED DEPTH-OF-FIELDWANLI CHINICHOLAS GEORGE

OBJECTIVEEXTENDED DEPTH-OF-FIELD

USING INTEGRATED

IMAGING & PROCESSING

NOVEL LOGARITHMIC ASPHERE

APPROACHSINGLE ELEMENT OPTICS

OSLO

NONLINEAR DIGITAL RECOVERY

MAX ENTROPY

* W. CHI and N. GEORGE, OPT. LETT. 26, 875 (2001). March 2002

NOVEL LENS CONCEPT: WANLI CHINICHOLAS GEORGE

OBJECTIVE

EXTENDED DEPTH-OF-FIELD

EXTENDED FIELD OF VIEW

ACHROMATIC IMAGING

OTHER

APPROACH/RESULT

ALL DIGITAL SIMULATION

FILTER IDEA

SIGNAL NOISE RATIO

RESOLUTION

IMAGE QUALITY

WIDE APPLICATION AREA

SINGLE USE CAMERA

DVD PICKUP

MICROSCOPE

DIGITAL VIDEO

DC

DISPLAY

INTEGRATED COMPUTATIONAL IMAGING SYSTEM

March 2002

DIGITAL RECOVERY COMPARISON: WANLI CHINICHOLAS GEORGEMAX ENTROPY VS. INVERSE FILTER

RECOVERY DATA ALONG THE YELLOW LINE

0 100 2000.0

0.5

1.0

RED: MAXIMUMENTROPYRECOVERY

BLACK: INVERSEFILTERRECOVERY(A)

0 10 20 30 40 50 600

10

20

30100

120

THE PIXEL VALUESALONGDIAGONALDIRECTION

RED: MAXENTROPYRECOVERY

BLACK: INVERSEFITLERRECOVERY

YELLOW: BLURREDIMAGE

PIXEL POSITIONALONGTHEDIAGONALDIRECTION

PIX

EL

VA

LU

ES

MAX ENTROPY HIGH RESOLUTION, LOW NOISEINVERSE FILTER MAGNIFIED NOISE

March 2002

FOURIER OPTICAL ANALYSIS OF GRIN

ARRAY IMAGING

XI CHEN

NICHOLAS GEORGE

•

•

•

EXPERIMENTAL SETUP

••

Fourier optical imaging theory

Improve the depth of field

Analyze and correct aberrations

OBJECTIVES

Fourier optics analysis coupled with geometrical optics for both a single GRIN rod and GRIN array

APPROACH

THEORY

EXPERIMENT

Measure LSF, MTF and Fourier transform pattern

O

GRIN lens system is analyzed by Fourier optics•

PSF for a single GRIN rod and the whole array•

GRIN lens has Fourier transform planes (6;4)•

Analyze misalignment•

y1

GRIN LINEAR SYSTEM

(2) (3) (4) (5)

zx1 (6) (7)

(1)

d1

L

d2

RESULTS

March 2002

MEASUREMENT OF LSF AND MTF

• Knife edge as the object

• Production quality test (misalignment)

0 50 100 150 200 250 3000

5

10

15

20

25

Inte

nsi

ty (

rela

tive

)

LSF

Distance (um)

0 50 100 150 200 250 3000

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

lnte

nsi

ty (

rela

tive

)

LSF

Distance (um) March 2002

SPECKLE IN SCANNING AND IMAGING SYSTEMS KEDAR KHARE

NICHOLAS GEORGE

OPTICS

IMAGEINTENSIFIER

DIGITALCOMPUTER

CCD

OBJECTIVES APPLICATIONSSPECIALITIES

LASER SCANNERS & PRINTERS

REMOTE SENSING

NIGHT VISION

ULTRASOUND

WAVELENGTH DEPENDENCE

PHOTON COUNTING

OBJECT RECOGNITION

ATMOSPHERICTURBULENCE

STUDY SPECKLE NOISE IN IMAGES

UNDERSTAND SPECKLE FORMATION FROM SPATIAL DISTRIBUTIONOF PHOTONS

March 2002

SYSTEM FORLOW LIGHT LEVEL IMAGING

SPECKLE PATTERN WITH ~100 PHOTONSHIGH LIGHT LEVEL SPECKLE PATTERN

RECENT EXPERIMENTS

March 2002

LIGHT SCATTERING AND PATTERN

RECOGNITION OF PATHOGENIC STRUCTURES Weizhen Yan

Nicholas George

S HOE

1 cmB P

F

RWD TRENCH BASED

Computer

INTERFACE

COMPUTER

RECOGNITION

OUTPUT

OBJECTIVE

WITH AN EMPHASIS ON AUTOMATIC

PATTERN RECOGNITION, THE OBJECTIVE IS

TO DEVISE AN INTEGRATED CHIP-SCALE

SYSTEM FOR COUNTING AND CLASSIFYING

BIOLOGICAL AGENTS IN THE SIZE RANGE

FROM 0.5 µm TO 100 µm.

APPROACH/RESULT

• RWD IS RECOGNIZED COUNTING TECHNIQUE FOR SORTING PARTICLES WITH GREAT ACCURACY

• TECHNIQUE PIONEERED BY US : OPTICS LETTERS (1991)

• SOFTWARE FOR HIGH DENSITY: 10,000 COUNTS AND FOR LOW DENSITY: <10 PARTICLES

• APPLY NEW ALGORITHM IN THE PATTERN

RECOGNITION FIELD

March 2002

LIGHT SCATTERING AND PATTERN

RECOGNITION OF PATHOGENIC STRUCTURES Weizhen Yan

Nicholas George

DIFFRACTION PATTERN

3rd ring6 µm Polymer Sphere

IMAGE

S.cerevisiae March 2002

Rapid Precision Contouring of 3-D Objects Christopher DitchmanNicholas George

Achromatic Phase Shifter (George and Stone, 1988)

Multiple Wavelength Imaging

External Laser Stabilization

Improved Processing Algorithms

Objectives Approach

/ 2

H H

204 xach

Measure the 3-dimensional surface profile of an object using the projection of structured illumination

Explore theoretical system resolution limits

Implement sub-system improvement

–Illumination / measurement

–Data processing

–Data display

x20

Achromatic Phase Shifter (Pat. Appl.)Structured Illumination Contouring

March 2002

HOLOGRAPHY & VIBROMETRY OF NON-RIGID OBJECTSWade Cook

Nicholas George

March 2002

Holographic Interference Filters for IR:Fabrication

Damon DiehlNicholas George

Objective ApproachHolographic exposure techniques utilizing the following technologies:

Interference filters for use at IR communication wavelengths:

Transmission vs. Wavelength0

-1

-2

-3

-4

-5

Tra

nsm

issio

n (

dB

)

13001200 1400 1500 1600

Wavelength (nm)

x

yz

EiEr

Et

n(z)

z

...

•Reflection filters

•Multi-band reflection filters

•Fabry-Perot transmission filters

•Photopolymer films

•Tunable dye laser

•Precisely controlled exposure angles

March 2002

Holographic Interference Filters for IR:Design Curves

Damon DiehlNicholas George

1700

1600

1500

1400

1300

1200

1100-10° -8° -6° -4° -2° 0°

EXPERIMENTTHEORY

Exposure Angle

Peak W

avele

ng

th

(nm

)

Peak Wavelength of HIF vs. Exposure Angle

prism

bla

ck g

lass

phot

opol

ymer

Tunable dye laser

beam

+ -

Objective ApproachCreate computer models that use the following techniques:

Design curves for a prism-coupled TIR system relating the following features:

•Exposure angle to Peak wavelength

•Index modulation to Bandwidth

•Thickness to Efficiency

•Thin film decomposition

•Floquet-Bloch theory

•Finite difference, time domain

•Couple wave analysisMarch 2002

ELECTRONIC IMAGING CHAIN

Institute of Optics, N. George, 2002