e Commerce Rprt

8/8/2019 e Commerce Rprt

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CHAPTER - 1

INTRODUCTION

e - COMMERCE

I n i ts s im pl es t s en se , c om me rc e i s a n a ct o f t ra de b e tw ee n t wo

par t i es :

1 ) w he re t he e xc ha ng e i s n eg ot ia te d u nd er a s et o f m ut ua ll y

a c ce p ta b le c o nd i ti o ns , s o t h at b o th p a rt i es e m er g e s a ti s fi e d

wi t h t he r e s u l t

2 ) w h e r e t he e x c h a n g e m a y d e p e n d i n w he t h e r t he t w o p a r ti e s a r e

p r epa r ed t o t r us t one ano t he r

M or e c om pl ex t ra ns ac ti on s s uc h a s s ha re d ea li ng s n ee d t o b e

s u p po r te d b y r u le s , p r oc e d ur e s a n d f a il - sa f e m e ch a ni s ms , w h ic h p r ov i de t r ad i ng pa r t ne r s w i t h a s s u r ance and r ecover y me t hods when

t r us t b r eaks down.

Addi ng an e t o commer ce i n t r oduce ano t he r l ay e r o f compl ex i t y byt r an s fe r ri n g a l l t h e i n te r ac t io n s , r u le s , p r oc e du r es a n d f a il - sa f es

i n t o a v i r t u a l w o r d . O n t h e i n t e r n e t t h e p r o v i s i o n o f t r u s t b e c o m e s

t he key s t ones o f any s ucces s f u l t r ad i ng mode l becaus e wi t hou t t r us t ,no - one wi l l t r ade .

TYP ES OF e - COMMERCE

The e - commer ce ( e l ec t r on i c commer ce ) i s way t o ca r r y ou t bus i nes so r f i n a n c i a l t r a n s a c t i o n s o r d e a l s o v e r i n t e r n e t . I n t e r n e t i s a f a s t

w a y t o c o m m u n ic a t e w i t h c o n s u m er s o r o t h e r b u s i n e s s p a r t ie s . T h i s

t r e n d o f o n l i n e t r a n s a c t i o n s i s b e c o m i n g p o p u l a r n o w d a y s . T h i s i s

u s e d t o m a k e d e a l s a n d e v e n p a y m e n t s o n l i n e . D i f f e r e n t w e b s i t e sa r e t he r e , wher e any body can make o r de r and b uy t he p r oduc t s .

T h e re a r e d i ff e re n t t yp e s o f e - co m me r ce w h ic h a r e m o st l y u s e d .Thes e t y pes can be des c r i bed as :

1 . Bus iness - to -consumer

2 . Consumer- to-consumer

3 .Bus iness - to -bus iness


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T h e b u si n es s -t o -c o n su m er ( B 2C ) e - co m me r ce i s u s ed b y b u si n es s

e n t i t i e s t o s e l l t h e p r o d u c t s a n d s e r v i c e s t o t h e g e n e r a l p e o p l e o r

e n d u s e r s . T h e u s e r c a n v i s i t t h e w e b s i t e t o s e e d i f f e r e n t p r o d u c t sava i l ab l e and can make o r de r s .

T h e c o n su m er - to - c on s um e r o r C 2 C e - co m me r ce i s a l so a c o mm o nt y pe .

T h e t y p e o f c o m m e r c e i s m o s t l y u s e d i n o n l i n e auc t i ons , w h e r e

s o m e o n e ( n o t a n y b u s in e s s e n t it y ) d i s p la y h i s /h e r i t e m s t o s e l l a n ds ome one who wan t t o pu r chas e t hes e i t em o f f e r s b i ds on l i ne . I n t he

t h i r d t y p e o f e - c o m m e r c e t h a t i s b u s i n e s s - t o - b u s i n e s s o r B 2 B , t w o

bus i nes s pa r t i e s d ea l s w i t h ea ch o t he r .

CHANGES BROUGHT BY e - COMMERCE

N o d o u b t , e - c o m m e r c e i s c h a n g i n g o u r d a i l y l i v e s . T h e s e c h a n g e so cc ur a lo ng 3 d if fe re nt d ir ec ti on s a s i ll us tr at ed b y t he a fo re

m e n t i o n e d s c e n a r i o s . I n t h e f i r s t s c e n a r i o , e - c o m m e r c e p r o v i d e s a na l t e r n a t i v e s o l u t i o n . E v e n i f w e d o n o t h a v e c y b e r s h o p s , w e c a n

s ti ll m ak e t he p ur ch as e f ro m p h ys ic a l s ho p s. T ha t m ea n s, c yb er

s h o p s a r e a l t e rn a t i v es t o p h y s i c a l s h o p s . W h i l e c y b e r c a f f in g c a n b e

m o r e c o n v e n i e n t , s o m e p e o p l e m a y s t i l l w a n t t o a t p h y s i c a l s t o r e sbecaus e o f phy s i ca l s hopp i ng exper i ence . I n t he s eco nd s cena r i o ,

e - c om m er c e p r ov i de s a b e tt e r s o lu t io n . F o r i n st a nc e , t h e b e n ef i ts

b r o ug h t b y o n -l in e a u c ti o ns c a nn o t b e r e al i ze d b y t h e t r ad i ti o n alc l a s s i f i ed adver t i s emen t and t he on- l i ne auc t i on i s t he r e f o r e a be t t e r

way t o s o l ve t he s ame p r ob l em. I n t he t h i r d s cena r i o , e - c ommer ce i s

b ri ng in g i n a n e w f or m o f a n a lr ea dy e xi st in g s er vi ce s. I n t het r a d it i o n a l n e w s p a p er b u s i ne s s , o b v i o u s l y i t i s n o t c o s t e f f e c ti v e t o

p r in t a d i ff e re n t n e ws p a pe r f o r e v e r y o n e , s o m a ss p r od u c ti o n i s

i nev i t ab l e . However , w i t h e - commer ce , mas s cus t omi za t i on becomes p o s s i b l e a t a l m o s t n o e x t r a c o s t . T h e f i n a l s c e n a r i o i l l u s t r a t e s t h a t

e - c om m er c e i s c h a ng i ng o u r b u si n es s l o gi c f r om a s u pp l y- d ri v en

mode l t o a demand- dr i ven mode l .

ADVANTAGES OF e - COMMERCE

e - c o m me r c e p r o v i d e s m a n y n e w w a y s f o r b u s i n e s s es a n d c o n s u m e r st o c om mu ni ca te a nd c on du ct b us in es s. T he re a re a n um be r o f

advan t ages and d i s advan t ages o f con duc t i ng bus i nes s i n t h i s manner .

S ome advan t ages t ha t can be ach i eved f r om e - commer ce i nc l ude :

1 ) B ei n g a bl e t o c o nd u ct b u s in e ss 2 4 x 7 x 3 6 5 - e - c o m m e r c e

sy st em s c an o pe ra te a ll d ay e ve ry d ay . Y ou r p hys ic al
http://www.blurtit.com/q652226.html#%23http://www.blurtit.com/q652226.html#%23


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s t o r e f r on t does no t need t o be open i n o r de r f o r cus t omer s and

s upp l i e r s t o be do i ng bus i nes s wi t h y ou e l ec t r on i ca l l y .

2 ) A c ce s s t h e g lo b a l ma r k et p l ac e - The I n t e r ne t s pans t he wor l d ,

a n d i t i s p o s s i b l e t o d o b u s i n e s s w i t h a n y b u s i n e s s o r p e r s o n

who i s connec t ed t o t he I n t e r ne t . S i mpl e l oca l bus i nes s es s ucha s s p e c i a l i s t r e c o r d s t o r e s a r e a b l e t o m a r k e t a n d s e l l t h e i r

o ff er in g s i nt er na ti on al ly u si ng e - co mm er ce . T hi s g lo ba l

o pp o rt un it y i s a ss is te d b y t he f ac t t ha t, u n li ke t ra d it io na lc o m m u n i c a t i o n s m e t h o d s , u s e r s a r e n o t c h a r g e d a c c o r d i n g t o

t he d i s t ance ove r wh i ch t hey a r e communi ca t i ng .

3) Sp eed - E l ec t r on i c communi ca t i ons a l l ow mes s ages t o t r ave r s et h e w o rl d a l mo s t i n st a nt a ne o us l y. T h er e i s n o n e ed t o w a it

w e e k s f o r a c a t a l o g u e t o a r r i v e b y p o s t : t h a t c o m m u n i c a t i o n s

de l ay i s no t a pa r t o f t he I n t e r ne t / e - commer ce wor l d .

4 ) M ar ke t s pa ce - T h e m a rk e t i n w h ic h w e b -b a se d b u si n es s esoper a t e i s t he g l oba l mar ke t . I t may no t be ev i den t t o t hem,

b ut ma ny b us in es se s a re a lr ea dy fa ci ng in te rn at io na lcompe t i t i on f r om web- enab l ed bus i nes s es .

5 ) O p po r t un i t y t o re d u ce c o s ts - The I n t e r ne t makes i t ve r y eas y

t o ' s hop a r ound ' f o r p r oduc t s and s e r v i ces t ha t may be cheaper o r m or e e ff ec ti ve t ha n w e m ig h t o th e rw is e s et tl e f or . I t i s

s o m e ti m e s p o s s i b l e t o , t h r o u gh s o m e o n l i n e r e s e ar c h , i d e n ti f y

o r ig i na l m a nu f ac t ur e rs f o r s o me g o o ds - t h er e by b y pa s si n gwhol es a l e r s and ach i ev i ng a cheaper p r i ce .

6 ) C om pu t er p l at f or m- i nd e pe n de n t- 'Many , i f no t mos t ,c o mp u te r s h a ve t h e a b il i ty t o c o mm u ni c a te v i a t h e I n te r ne t

i n d e p en d e n t o f o p e r a ti n g s y s te m s a n d h a r d w ar e . C u st o m e rs a r e

n ot l im it ed b y e xi s tin g h ard wa re sy st em s (G as co yn e &Ozcubukcu , 1997- 87) .

7 ) E ff i ci e nt a pp l ic at i on s d e ve l op me n t e n vi r on me nt - In m an y

r e s p e c t s , a p p l i c a t i o n s c a n b e m o r e e f f i c i e n t l y d e v e l o p e d a n dd is tr ib u te d b e ca us e t he c an b e b u il t w it ho ut r eg ar d t o t he

c us to me r ' s o r t he b u si ne ss p a rt ne r' s t ec hn o lo g y p la tf or m.

A p p l i c a t i o n u p d a t e s d o n o t h a v e t o b e m a n u a l l y i n s t a l l e d o nc o m p u te r s . R a t h e r, I n t e rn e t - r el a t e d t e c h n o lo g i e s p r o v i de t h i s

c ap ab il it y i nh er en tl y t hr ou gh a ut om at ic d ep lo ym en t o f

s o f t war e upda t es ( Gas coy ne & Ozcubukcu , 1997- 87) .

8 ) A l l ow i n g c u s t om e r s e l f s e r v i c e a n d c u s t o m er o u t so u r ci n g -

P eop l e can i n t e r ac t w i t h bus i nes s es a t any hour o f t he day t ha t

i t i s c o n ve n ie n t t o t h em , a n d b e c au s e t h es e i n te r ac t io n s a r e


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i n i ti a t e d b y c u s t o m e r s , t h e c u s t o m e r s a l s o p r o v i d e a l o t o f t h e

d a t a f o r t h e t r a n sa c t i on t h a t m a y o t h e r w i s e n e e d t o b e e n t e r e d

by bus i nes s s t a f f . Th i s means t ha t s ome o f t he wor k and cos t sa re e ff ec ti ve ly s hi ft ed t o c u st om er s; t hi s i s r ef er re d t o a s

' cus t omer ou t s our c i ng ' .

9 ) S t e p p in g b e y o n d b o r d e r s t o a glo b a l v ie w - Us i ng as pec t s o f e -

c o m m e r c e t e c h n o l o g y c a n m e a n y o u r b u s i n e s s c a n s o u r c e a n d

u se p ro d uc ts a nd s er vi ce s p ro v id ed b y o th er b u si ne ss es i no t h e r c o u n t r ie s . T h i s s e e m s o b v i o u s e n o u g h t o s a y , b u t p e o p l e

d o n o t a l w a y s c o n s i d e r t h e i m p l i c a t i o n s o f e - c o m m e r c e . F o r

exampl e , i n many way s i t can be eas i e r and cheaper t o hos t and

oper a t e s ome e - commer ce ac t i v i t i e s ou t s i de Aus t r a l i a . F ur t he r , b e c a u se m a n y e - c o mm e r c e t r a n sa c t i on s i n v o l ve c r e d it c a r d s ,

m a n y b u s i n e s s e s i n A u s t r a l i a n e e d t o m a k e a r r a n g e m e n t s f o r

a cc ep ti ng o nl in e p ay me nt s. H ow ev er a n um be r o f m aj or

A u s t ra l i a n b a n k s h a v e t e n d e d t o b e u n h e l pf u l l a g g a r d s o n t h i sf ro nt , c ha rg in g a l ot o f m on ey a nd m ak in g i t d if fi cu lt t o

e st ab li sh t he se a rr an ge me nt s - p ar ti cu la rl y f or s ma ll er b u s i n e s s e s a n d / o r b u s i n e s s e s t h a t d o n ' t f i t i n t o a t r a d i t i o n a l -

e c o n o my u n d e r s ta n d i n g o f b u s i n es s . I n s o m e c a s e s , t h e r e f o r e ,

i t c an b e e as ie r a nd c he ap e r t o s et u p a rr an ge me nt s w hi ch

b yp ass t hi s a sp ec t o f th e A us t ra li a n b an ki ng s ys te m.A dm it te dl y, t hi s c an c re at e s om e g re y a re as f or l eg a l a nd

t a x a t i o n p u r p o s e s , b u t t h e s e c a n b e d e a l t w i t h . A n d y e s t h e s e

c i rc u ms t an c e s d o h a v e i m pl i ca t io n s f o r A u st r al i a' s n a ti o na lc o m p e ti t i v en e s s a n d t h e c o m p e t i t iv e n e s s o f o u r i n d u s t r i es a n d

bus inesses .

DI S ADVANTAGES OF e - COMMERCE AND CONS TRAI NTS

S om e d is ad v an ta ge s a n d c o ns tr ai nt s o f e -c o mm er ce i nc lu de t he

f o l l owi ng :

1 ) T i me f o r d e l i v er y o f p h y s i ca l p r o d uc t s - I t i s pos s i b l e t o v i s i ta l o c a l m u s i c s t o r e a n d w a l k o u t w i t h a c o m p a c t d i s c , o r a

b o o k s to r e a n d l e a v e w i t h a b o o k . e - c o m m e rc e i s o f t e n u s e d t o

b u y g o o d s t h a t a r e n o t a v a i l a b l e l o c a l l y f r o m b u s i n e s s e s a l lo ve r t he w or ld , m ea ni ng t ha t p hy si ca l g oo ds n ee d t o b e

d e l i v e r e d , w h i c h t a k e s t i m e a n d c o s t s m o n e y . I n s o m e c a s e s

t h e r e a r e w a y s a r o u n d t h i s , f o r e x a m p l e , w i t h e l e c t r o n i c f i l e so f t h e m u s i c o r b o o k s b e i n g a c c e s s e d a c r o s s t h e I n t e r n e t , b u t

t hen t hes e a r e no t phy s i ca l goods .


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2 ) P hy s ic a l p ro du c t, s u pp l ie r & d e li v er y u nc e rt ai n ty - W he n

y o u w a l k o u t o f a s h o p w i t h a n i t e m , i t ' s y o u r s . Y o u h a v e i t ;

y o u k n o w w h a t i t i s , w h e r e i t i s a n d h o w i t l o o k s . I n s o m er es pe c ts e -c om me rc e p u rc h as es a re m ad e o n t ru st . T hi s i s

becaus e , f i r s t l y , no t hav i ng had phy s i ca l acces s t o t he p r oduc t ,

a p u r c h a s e i s m a d e o n a n e x p e c t a t i o n o f w h a t t h a t p r o d u c t i sa n d i t s c o n d i t i o n . S e c o n d l y, b e c a u s e s u p p l y in g b u s i n es s e s c a n

b e c o n d u c t e d a c r o s s t h e w o r l d, i t c a n b e u n c e r t a i n w h e t h e r o r

n o t t h e y a r e l e g i t i m a t e b u s i n e s s e s a n d a r e n o t j u s t g o i n g t ot a k e y o u r m o n e y . I t ' s p r e t t y h a r d t o k n o c k o n t h e i r d o o r t o

c o m p l a i n o r s e e k l e g a l r e c o u r s e ! T h i r d l y , e v e n i f t h e i t e m i s

s e n t , i t i s e a s y t o s t a r t w o n d e r i n g w h e t h e r o r n o t i t w i l l e v e r

a r r i ve .

3 ) P er is h ab le g o o ds - F o r g e t a b o u t o r d e r i n g a s i n g l e g e l a t o i c e

c r eam f r om a s hop i n Rome! Though s pec i a l i s ed o r r e f r i ge r a t ed

t r a n s p o r t c a n b e u s e d , g o o d s b o u g h t a n d s o l d v i a t h e I n t e r n e tt end t o be dur ab l e and non- pe r i s hab l e : t hey need t o s u r v i ve t he

t r i p f r om t he s upp l i e r t o t he pur chas i ng bus i nes s o r cons umer .T h i s s h i f t s t h e b i a s f o r p e r i s h a b l e a n d / o r n o n - d u r a b l e g o o d s

b ac k t ow ar ds t ra di ti on al s up pl y c ha in a rr an ge me nt s, o r

t o wa r ds r e la t iv e ly m o re l o ca l e - co m me r ce - b as e d p u rc h a se s ,

s a l e s and d i s t r i bu t i on . I n con t r a s t , du r ab l e goods can be t r adedf r om a lmo st a nyon e t o a l mo st an yone e l se , sp ark ing

c om pe ti ti on f or l ow er p ri ce s. I n s om e c as es t hi s l ea ds t o

d i s i n t e r med i a t i on i n whi ch i n t e r med i a r y peop l e and bus i nes s esa r e b y p a s s e d b y c o n s u m e r s a n d b y o t h e r b u s i n e s s e s t h a t a r e

s eek i ng t o pu r chas e mor e d i r ec t l y f r om manuf ac t u r e r s .

4 ) L im i t e d a n d se l e c t e d s e n so r y in fo r m a t io n - T h e I n t e r n et i s a n

e f fe c ti v e c o n du i t f o r v i su a l a n d a u di t or y i n fo r ma t io n : s e ei n g

p i c t u r e s , h e a r i n g s o u n d s a n d r e a d i n g t e x t . H o w e v e r i t d o e s n o ta ll ow f ul l s co pe f or o ur s en se s: w e c an s ee p ic tu re s o f t he

f l o w e r s , b u t n o t s m e l l t h e i r f r a g r a n c e ; w e c a n s e e p i c t u r e s o f a

hammer , bu t no t f ee l i t s we i gh t o r b a l ance . F ur t he r , when we p i ck

up and i ns pec t s omet h i ng , we choos e wha t we l ook a t and how wel ook a t i t . Th i s i s no t t he cas e on t he I n t e r ne t . I f we wer e l ook i ng

a t b u y i n g a c a r o n t h e I n t e r n e t , w e w o u l d s e e t h e p i c t u r e s t h e

s e l l e r h a d c h o s e n f o r u s t o s e e b u t n o t t h e t h i n g s w e m i g h t l o o k f o r i f w e w e r e a b l e t o s e e i t i n p e r s o n . A n d , t a k i n g i n t o a c c o u n t

o u r o t h e r s e n s e s , w e c a n ' t t e s t t h e c a r t o h e a r t h e s o u n d o f t h e

e n g i n e a s i t c h a n g e s g e a r s o r s e n s e t h e s m e l l a n d f e e l o f t h el ea t he r s ea t s . Ther e a r e many way s i n whi ch t he I n t e r ne t does no t

c o n ve y t h e r i c h ne s s o f e x p er i en c es o f t h e w o r l d. T h is l a ck o f

s en so ry i nf or ma ti on m ea ns t ha t p eo p le a re o ft en m uc h m or e

c o m f o r t a b l e b u y i n g v i a t h e I n t e r n e t g e n e r i c g o o d s - t h i n g s t h a t


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t h e y h a v e s e e n o r e x p e r i e n c e d b e f o r e a n d a b o u t w h i c h t h e r e i s

l i t t l e ambi gu i t y , r a t he r t han un i que o r compl ex t h i ngs .

5 ) R et u rn i ng g o o ds - R e t u r n i n g g o o d s o n l i n e c a n b e a n a r e a o f

d i f fi c u l ty . T h e u n c e r ta i n t ie s s u r r ou n d i n g t h e i n i ti a l p a y m en t

a n d d e l i v e r y o f g o o d s c a n b e e x a c e r b a t ed i n t h i s p r o c e s s . W i l lt h e g o o d s g e t b a c k t o t h e i r s o u r c e ? W h o p a y s f o r t h e r e t u r n

pos t age? Wi l l t he r e f und be pa i d? Wi l l I be l e f t w i t h no t h i ng?

How l ong wi l l i t t ake? Con t ras t t h i s w i th t he o f f l i neexper i ence o f r e t u r n i ng goods t o a s hop .

6 ) P r iv a c y, s e c ur i t y, p a y me n t , i d e n t it y , c o n t r a ct -M a n y i s s u e s

a r i s e - p r i vacy o f i n f o r mat i on , s ecur i t y o f t ha t i n f o r mat i on andpay ment de t a i l s , whe t he r o r n o t pay ment de t a i l s ( eg c r ed i t ca r d

de t a i l s ) w i l l be mi s us ed , i den t i t y t he f t , con t r ac t , and , whe t he r

we have one o r no t , wha t l aws and l ega l j u r i s d i c t i on app l y .

7) Def ined s erv i ces & th e unexp ecte d - e -c om me rc e i s a n

e f fe c ti v e m e an s f o r m a na g in g t h e t r an s ac t io n o f k n o wn a n des t ab l i s hed s e r v i ces , t ha t i s , t h i ngs t ha t a r e eve r y day . I t i s no t

s u i t ab l e f o r d e a l i n g w i t h t h e n e w o r u n e x p e c t e d . F o r e x a m p l e ,

a t ra ns po rt c o mp a ny u se d t o d e al in g w it h s im pl e p a ck ag e s

b e i n g a s k e d i f i t c a n t r a n sp o r t a h i p p o po t a m u s, o r a c u s to m e r a s k i n g f o r a b o o k o r d e r t o b e w r a p p e d i n b l u e a n d w h i t e p o l k a

d o t p a p e r w i t h a b o w . S u c h r e q u e s t s n e e d h u m a n i n t e r v e n t i o n

t o i nves t i ga t e and r e s o l ve .

8 ) P er s on a l s e rv i ce - A l th o u gh s o me h u ma n i n te r ac t io n c a n b e

f ac il it at ed v ia t he w eb , e -c om me rc e c an n ot p ro vi de t her i chnes s o f i n t e r ac t i on p r ov i ded by pe r s ona l s e r v i ce . F or mos t

b u s i n es s e s , e - c o m m e r ce m e t h od s p r o v i de t h e e q u i v a le n t o f a n

i n f o r m a t i o n - r i c h c o u n t e r a t t e n d a n t r a t h e r t h a n a s a l e s p e r s o n .T hi s a ls o m ea ns t ha t f ee db ac k a bo ut h ow p eo pl e r ea ct t o

p r oduc t and s e r v i ce o f f e r i ngs a l s o t ends t o be mor e g r anu l a r o r

p er ha ps l os t u si ng e -c om me rc e a pp ro ac h es . I f y ou r o nl y

f e e d b a c k i s t h a t p e o p l e a r e ( o r a r e n o t ) b u y i n g y o u r p r o d u c t so r s e rv i ce s o n li n e, t h is i s i n ad e q ua t e f o r e v a l u at i ng h o w t o

c h a n g e o r i m p r ov e y o u r e - c o m m e rc e s t r a te g i e s a n d / o r p r o d u c t

a n d s e r v ic e o f f e ri n g s . S u c c e s s f ul b u s i ne s s u s e o f e - c o m me r c et y p i ca l l y i nvo l ves s t r a t eg i es f o r ga i n i ng and app l y i ng cus t omer

f e e d b a c k . T h i s h e l p s b u s i n e s s e s t o u n d e r s t a n d , a n t i c i p a t e a n d

mee t chang i ng on l i ne cus t omer needs and p r e f e r ences , wh i ch i sc r it i ca l b e c au s e o f t h e c o mp a ra t iv e ly r a pi d r a te o f o n go i ng

I n t e r ne t - bas ed change .


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9) S i ze a nd n u m be r o f t ra n sa ct i on s - e - c o m m e r c e i s m o s t o f t e n

c o n d u c t e d u s i n g c r e d i t c a r d f a c i l i t i e s f o r p a y m e n t s , a n d a s a

r e s u l t v e r y s m a l l a n d v e r y l a r g e t r a n s a c t i o n s t e n d n o t t o b ec o n d u c te d o n l i ne . T h e s i z e o f t r a n sa c t i on s i s a l s o i m p a c t ed b y

t h e e c on o mi c s o f t r an s po r ti n g p h ys i ca l g o o ds . F o r e x a mp l e,

a n y b e n e fi t s o r c o n ve n ie n c es o f b u yi n g a b o x o f p e n s o n l in ef r o m a U S - b a s e d b u s i n e s s t e n d t o b e e c l i p s e d b y t h e c o s t o f

hav i ng t o pay f o r t hem t o be de l i ve r ed t o y ou i n Aus t r a l i a . The

d e l i v e r y c o s t s a l s o m e a n t h a t b u y i n g i n d i v i d u a l i t e m s f r o m ar a ng e o f d i ff e re n t o v e rs e as b u s in e ss e s i s s i gn i fi c an t ly m o re

e xp e ns iv e t ha n b uy in g a ll o f t he g o od s f ro m o ne o v er se a s

b us in e ss b e ca us e t he g o od s c an b e p a ck ag e d a nd s hi pp ed

t oge t he r .

Ref l ec t i ng s ome o f t he comment s above , t he f o l l owi ng cha r t ( F i gur e

1 .1 ) s hows s ome o f t he compl a i n t s made by Aus t r a l i an e - cons umer s .

F i gur e 1 . 1 : Reas ons f o r cons umer compl a i n t s ( Aus t r a l i a 2002)

( EGEC, November )S our ce : www.goog l e . com


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CHAPTER - 2

TECHNICAL ASPECTS

HOW e- COMMERCE WORKS

F i gur e 2 .1 : Wor k i ng o f e - commer ceS our ce : www.on l i ne - commer ce . com/ t u t o r i a l . h t ml

The cons umer moves t h r ough t he i n t e r ne t t o t he mer chan t ' s web s i t e .

F r om t he r e , he dec i des t ha t he wan t s t o pu r chas e s omet h i ng , s o he i s

moved t o t he on l i ne t r ans ac t i on s e r ve r , wher e a l l o f t he i n f o r mat i onhe g i ves i s enc r y p t ed . Once he has p l aced h i s o r de r , t he i n f o r mat i on

moves t h r ough a p r i va t e ga t eway t o a P r oces s i ng Ne t wor k , wher e t he

i s s u i n g a n d a c q u i r i n g b a n k s c o m p l e t e o r d e n y t h e t r a n s a c t i o n . T h i sg e n e r a l l y t a k e s p l a c e i n n o m o r e t h a n 5 - 7 s e c o n d s . T h e r e a r e m a n y

d if fe re nt p ay me nt s ys te ms a va il ab le t o a cc o mm od a te t he v a ri ed

p r o c e s si n g n e e d s o f m e r c h a n t s, f r o m t h o s e w h o h a v e a f e w o r d e r s ad a y t o t h o s e w h o p r o c e s s t h o u s a n d s o f t r a n s a c t i o n s d a i l y . W i t h t h ea d d i t i o n o f S e c u r e S o c k e t L a y e r t e c h n o l o g y , e - c o m m e r c e i s a l s o a

ve r y s a f e way t o compl e t e t r ans ac t i ons .

S t eps t o bu i l d e l emen t s o f e - commer ce : -

1 . R e gi s te r d o ma i n n a me


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2 . H i re s p a ce o n a w e b - ho s ti n g c om p an y

3 . C r ea t e w e b si t e p a g es

4 . S h op p in g Ca r t S o ft w ar e5 . A d d a pa y me n t s y st e m

6 . U s e v a r io u s p r o mo t i o n s e rv i c e s t o g et y o u r s it e n o t i ce d

Regis ter Domain Name

Bef or e bu i l d i ng y our webs i t e , y ou s hou l d r eg i s t e r a domai n name . Ad o m a i n n a m e i s t h e t h i n g t h a t l o o k s l i k e : " y o u r do m a i n. c o m " . Y o u r

domai n name r ep r es en t s t he URL ( o r pe r manen t web addr es s ) o f y our

w e bs it e. T he re fo re , w h en a ny on e t yp es i n " yo u rd o ma in .c om " o r

"www.y our domai n . com" , t hey wi l l s ee y our webs i t e .

Y o u r e g i s t e r y o u r d o m a i n n a m e t h r o ug h a d o m a i n n a m e r e g i s t r ar o r

hos t i ng p r ov i de r . You s i mpl y check t ha t y our p r e f e r r ed domai n name

i s a v a i l a b l e , t h e n r e g i s t e r i t ( o n l i n e ) . D o m a i n n a m e s a r e r e g i s t e r e don an annua l bas i s .

Get a Webhost

A w e b h o s t ( o r h o s t i n g p r o v i d e r ) , i s a c o m p a n y t h a t m a k e s y o u r

webs i t e ava i l ab l e f o r t he wor l d t o s ee . They have t he equ i pment andt echn i ca l s k i l l s t o make s u r e y our webs i t e i s ava i l ab l e t o t he wor l d ,

2 4 h ou rs a d ay , 7 d ay s a w ee k. C ho os e y ou r h os ti ng p ro vi de r

ca r e f u l l y - a good hos t w i l l have exce l l en t s uppor t

Create Webs i te

W e bs i te s a r e c o ll e ct i on s o f H M T L . T h e re a r e v a ri o us s o f t wa r es

( l ik e P h ot o sh o p , d r ea m v i ew e r, A d o be P h ot o sh o p ,J a sc . co m , P a in t

s hop Mi c r os of t F r on t page ,Dr eam Weaver , Ne t s cape Communi ca t o r -F r e e ) a v a i l ab l e o n i n t e rn e t o f f r e e c o s t t o c re a t e . W e b s it e s ca n b e

v e r y a m b i t i o u s, w i t h s t u n n i n g g r a p h i c s , a n i m a t i o n, s o u n d , d a t a b a s e

s ea rc h s ys te ms , c us to me r r ec og ni ti on a nd a g oo d m an y o th er

f e a t u r e s . M a n y s u c c e s s f u l e c o m m e r c e s i t e s a r e h a l f a d o z e n p a g e se x t o l l i n g t h e v i r t u e s o f t h e p r o d u c t . M o r e c a n b e l e s s , a n d ' w o w '

s i t e s w i l l o n l y h i n d e r c u s t o m e r s g e t t i n g t o y o u r p r o d u c ts , a n d m a k e

promot ion more d i f f i cul t .

Shopping Cart Sof tware

S h op p in g c a rt s o ft w ar e i s a n o p e ra t in g s y st e m t h a t c a n b e u s ed t o

a l l o w p e o p l e t o p u r c h a s e y o u r i t e m s , k e e p t r a c k o f y o u r a c c o u n t s ,

a n d t i e t o g e t h e r a l l o f t h e a s p e c ts o f y o u r e - C o mm e r c e s i t e i n t o o n e

c o h e s i v e w h o l e . W h i l e t h e r e a r e m a n y o t h e r t y p e s o f s o f t w a r e t h a t


10/25

y o u c a n u s e i n i t ' s p l a c e , s u c h a s c a t a l o g s o f t w a r e o r a f l a t o r d e r

f or m, s ho p pi ng c ar t s of tw ar e i s t he m os t p o pu la r a nd t he m os t

w ide l y k nown .

Many Onl i ne Tr ans ac t i on P r ov i de r s w i l l have s hopp i ng ca r t s o f t war e

t h a t c o m e s w i t h t h e i r s e r v ic e , b u t i t c a n o f t e n b e v e r y e x p e n s i v e , s ob e w ar ne d. I f y ou c an no t a ff or d t o s pe nd a t l ea st a c ou pl e o f

h un dr ed d ol la rs o n t hi s s of tw ar e, y ou s ho ul d b e l oo ki ng f or a

p a c k a g e t h a t o f f e r s i t a s a r e n t a l i n c l u d e d i n t h e m o n t h l y s e r v i c echa r ge , o r one t ha t o f f e r s a s i mpl e f l a t o r de r f o r m.

Payment sys tem

I n s e ll i ng s o me t hi n g y o u ' l l w a n t t o b e p a id a s q u ic k ly , s a fe l y a n dpa i n l e s s l y a s pos s i b l e . Ecommer ce has a n op t i on pay ment ga t eway t o

pay am ount .

A p a y m e n t g a t e w a y i s a n e c o m m e r c e a p p l i c a t i o n s e r v i c e p r o v i d e r

t h at a u th o ri z es p a ym e nt s f o r e - bu s in e ss , on l in e r e ta i le r s. I t i s t h eequ i va l en t o f a phy s i ca l po i n t o f s a l e t e r mi na l l oca t ed i n mos t r e t a i l

o u t l e ts . P a y m en t g a t e w ay p r o t e ct s c r e d it c a r d s d e ta i l s e n cr y p ti n gs e n s i t i v e i n f o r m a t i o n , s u c h a s c r e d i t c a r d s n u m b e r s , t o e n s u r e t h a t

i n f o rm a t i on p a s s e s s e c u r e ly b e t w e e n t h e c u s t om e r a n d t h e m e r c h a n t

and a l s o be t ween mer chan t and pay ment p r oces s o r .

P AYMENT GATEWAY WORKS :

F i gur e 2 .2 : Wor k i ng o f pay ment ga t eway

S our ce : www.on l i nebus i nes s wi k i . com

A pay ment ga t eway f ac i l i t a t e s t he t r ans f e r o f i n f o r mat i on be t ween a

pay ment po r t a l and t he F r on t End P r oces s o r o r acqu i r i ng bank . When

a c us to me r o rd er s a p ro du ct f ro m a p ay me nt g at ew ay e na bl ed


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m er ch an t, t he p ay me n t g at ew ay p er fo rm s a v ar ie ty o f t as ks t o

p r oces s t he t r ans ac t i on :

A cus t omer p l aces o r de r on webs i t e by p r es s i ng t he 'S ubmi t

Or de r ' o r equ i va l en t bu t t on , o r pe r haps en t e r s t he i r ca r d

de t a i l s u s i ng an au t omat i c phone ans wer i ng s e r v i ce . I f t he o r de r i s v i a a webs i t e , t he cus t omer ' s web b r ows er

enc r y p t s t he i n f o r mat i on t o be s en t be t ween t he b r ows er and

t he mer chan t ' s web s e r ve r . Th i s i s done v i a S S L ( S ecur eS ocke t Lay er ) enc r y p t i on .

The mer chan t t hen f o r war ds t he t r ans ac t i on de t a i l s t o t he i r

pay ment ga t eway . Th i s i s ano t he r S S L enc r y p t ed connec t i on t ot he pay ment s e r ve r hos t ed by t he pay ment ga t eway .

The pay ment ga t eway f o r war ds t he t r ans ac t i on i n f o r mat i on t o

t he p r oces s o r us ed by t he mer chan t ' s acqu i r i ng bank .

The p r oces s o r f o r war ds t he t r ans ac t i on i n f o r mat i on t o t he ca r d

as s oc i a t i on ( i . e . , V i s a / Mas t e r Car d ) . I f an Amer i can Expr es s o r D i s cover Car d was us ed , t hen t he

p r oces s o r ac t s a s t he i s s u i ng bank and d i r ec t l y p r ov i des ar es pons e o f appr oved o r dec l i ned t o t he pay ment ga t eway .

Ot her wi s e , t he ca r d a s s oc i a t i on r ou t es t he t r ans ac t i on t o t he

cor r ec t ca r d i s s u i ng bank .

The c r ed i t ca r d i s s u i ng bank r ece i ves t he au t hor i za t i on r eques t

and s ends a r e s pons e back t o t he p r oces s o r ( v i a t he s ame

p r oces s a s t he r eques t f o r au t hor i za t i on ) w i t h a r e s pons e cod e .I n add i t i on t o de t e r mi n i ng t he f a t e o f t he pay ment , ( i . e .

appr oved o r dec l i ned) t he r e s pons e code i s u s ed t o de f i ne t he

r eas on why t he t r ans ac t i on f a i l ed ( s uch as i n s u f f i c i en t f unds ,o r bank l i nk no t ava i l ab l e ) .

The p r oces s o r f o r war ds t he r e s pons e t o t he pay ment ga t eway .

The pay ment ga t eway r ece i ves t he r e s pons e , and f o r war ds i t on

t o t he webs i t e ( o r wha t eve r i n t e r f ace was us ed t o p r oces s t hepay ment ) wher e i t i s i n t e r p r e t ed and a r e l evan t r e s pons e t hen

r e l ay ed back t o t he ca r dho l de r and t he mer chan t .

The en t i r e p r oces s t y p i ca l l y t akes 23 s econds .

The mer chan t mus t t hen s h i p t he p r oduc t p r i o r t o be i ng

a l l owed t o r eques t t o s e t t l e t he t r ans ac t i on .

The mer chan t s ubmi t s a l l t he i r appr oved au t hor i za t i ons , i n a"ba t ch" , t o t he i r acqu i r i ng bank f o r s e t t l emen t .

The acqu i r i ng bank depos i t s t he t o t a l o f t he appr oved f unds i n

t o t he mer chan t ' s nomi na t ed accoun t . Th i s cou l d be an acco un twi t h t he acqu i r i ng bank i f t he mer chan t does t he i r bank i ng

wi t h t he s ame bank , o r an accoun t w i t h ano t he r bank .

The en t i r e p r oces s f r om au t hor i za t i on t o s e t t l emen t t o f und i ngt y p i ca l l y t akes 3 day s .


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M a n y p a y m e n t g a t e w a y s a l s o p r o v i d e t o o l s t o a u t o m a t i c a l l y s c r e e n

o rd er s f or f r au d a nd c alc ula te t a x i n r ea l t im e p rio r to t he

a u t h o r i z a t i o n r e q u e s t b e i n g s e n t t o t h e p r o c e s s o r . T o o l s t o d e t e c tf ra u d i nc lu d e g e ol oc a ti on , v e lo ci ty p a tt er n a n al ys is , d el iv er y

a d d r e s s v e r i f i c a t i o n , c o m p u t e r f i n g e r p r i n t i n g t e c h n o l o g y , i d e n t i t y

mor ph i ng de t ec t i on , and bas i c AVS checks .

Promot ing Your S i te

W i t h h u n d r e d s o f n e w e c o m m e r c e s i t e s a p p e a r i n g e v e r y d a y o n t h e

I n te r ne t , i t 's g e tt i ng m i gh t y c r ow d e d o u t t h er e . H o w i s y o ur s i te

go i ng t o be no t i ced? By :

Get t i ng ou t a p r es s r e l eas e .

F ea tu ri ng i n b us in es s d ir ec to ri es , i n o nl in e a nd o ff -l in e

ve r s i ons .

S u bm i tt i ng t o t h e s e ar c h e n gi n es , p e rh a ps e m pl o yi n g a s i te

op t i mi za t i on company t o ge t a h i gh r ank i ng . U s i n g t h e p a y - p e r - c l i c k s e a r c h e n g i n e s , w h i c h c h a r g e a f e w

c e nt s t o a f e w d o l l ar s f o r e a c h v i si t or t h at c l ic k s t h r o u gh t oy our s i t e w i t h a pa r t i cu l a r s ea r ch phr as e .

S i gn i ng up o t he r s i t e s a s a f f i l i a t e s , pay i ng t hem a commi s s i on

on t he s a l e s t hey ach i eve f o r y ou .

Us i ng s ea r ch eng i ne ads .

P e rs u ad i ng o t he r s i te s t o l i nk t o y o ur s, p o ss i bl y t h ro u g h a

r ec i p r oca l l i nks d i r ec t o r y .

Wi nni ng awar ds f o r y our s i t e .

O ff er in g o nl i ne c om pe ti tio ns , in tro du cto ry d ea ls a nd

promot ions .

P r ov i d i ng f r ee and he l p f u l i n f o r mat i on on y our s i t e .

Adver t i s i ng o f f - l i ne i n news paper s and s pec i a l i s t magaz i nes .

HARD DRI VES

The p r i mar y comput e r s t o r age dev i ce , wh i ch s p i ns , r eads and wr i t e so n e o r m o r e f i x e d d i s k p l a t t e r s . I n p r a c t i c e , t h e t e r m s " h a r d d r i v e "

a n d " h a r d d i s k " a r e u s e d s y n o n y m o u sl y . H a r d d r i v e s a r e t h e s t o r a g e

m e d i u m i n d e s k t o p a n d l a p t o p c o m p u t e r s a s w e l l a s a l l s e r v e r s a n d

m a i n f r a m e s t h r o u g h o u t t h e w o r l d . F o r e - c o m m e r c e w e b s i t e w e c a nus e one o f t he ha r d d r i ves de t a i l ed be l ow.

Single hard dr ive

I t i s a r e g u la r h a r d d i s k d r i v e u s e t o s t o r e d a t a . I t i s a n o n - v o la t i l e

s t o r age dev i ce t ha t s t o r es d i g i t a l l y encoded da t a on r ap i d l y r o t a t i ng p l a t t e r s w i t h magne t i c s u r f aces . S t r i c t l y s peak i ng , "d r i ve" r e f e r s t o

a d e v i c e d i s t i n c t f r o m i t s m e d i u m , s u c h a s a t a p e d r i v e a n d i t s t a p e ,


13/25

o r a f lo pp y d isk d riv e a nd i t s f l op py d is k. E ar l y H DD s h ad

r e m o v ab l e m e d i a ; h o w e v e r , a n H D D t o d a y i s t y p i ca l l y a s e a l e d u n i t

wi t h f i xed med i a .

Mirrored hard dr ive

M i r r o r e d d i s k d r i v e i s t h e b e s t o p t i o n i n t e r m s o f c o s t a n d m e m o r y

r e q u i re m e n t s. H a r d w ar e d i s k m i r r o r in g u s e s t w o p h y s ic a l h a r d d i s k

d r i ves and a d i s k con t r o l l e r . The d i s k con t r o l l e r hand l es t he c r ea t i onand r egener a t i on o f da t a .

W h e n d i s k m i r r o r i n g i s i m p l e m e n t e d , e v e r y t i m e d a t a i s w r i t t e n t o

o n e d is k, t he d is k c on tr ol le r e n su re s t ha t t he s ec o nd d is k i s a ni d e n t i c a l c o p y o f t h e f i r s t . T h i s i s w h y d i s k m i r r o r i n g i s g r e a t f o r

p r o t e c t i n g a g a i n s t h a r d d r i v e f a i l u r e b u t i s n o t a r e p l a c e m e n t f o r

b ac ki ng u p y ou r s ys te ms c or ru pt ed d at a o n d is k o ne i s a ls o

s i m u l t a n e o u s l y c o r r u p t e d o n d i s k t w o . D i s k m i r r o r i n g w o r k s i n t h ebackgr ound and do es no t r equ i r e ma i n t enance . I n t he even t o f a ha r d

d r i v e ` f a i l u r e , t h e s y s t e m w i l l d i s p l a y i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t t h e f a i l e ddr i ve on s c r een and s ome d r i ves have l i gh t s t o

i nd i ca t e whe t he r t he d i s k i s f unc t i ona l t oo .

Drive Array

D is k a rra y re fe rs t o a l in ke d g ro up o f o ne o r m or e p hys ic al

i ndependen t ha r d d i s k d r i ves gen e r a l l y us ed t o r ep l ace l a r ge r , s i ng l ed is k d riv e s ys te ms . T he m os t c om mo n d is k a rra ys a re R AID

( Redundan t Ar r ay o f I ndependen t D i s ks ) t echno l ogy o f a r r ang i ng t he

dev i ces i n t o a r r ay s f o r r edundancy . A d i s k a r r ay may co n t a i n s eve r a ld i s k d r i v e t r a y s , a n d i s s t r u c t u r e d t o i m p r o v e s p e e d a n d i n c r e a s e

p r o t ec t i on aga i ns t l o s s o f da t a .

D i s k a r ra y s o r g an i z e t h e i r d at a s t o r ag e i n t o L o g ic a l U n i t s ( LU s ) ,w h i c h a p p e a r a s l i n e a r b l o c k p a c e s t o t h e i r c l i e n t s . A s m a l l d i s k

a r r ay , w i t h a f ew d i s ks , mi gh t s uppor t up t o 8 LUs ; a l a r ge one , w i t h

h u n d r e d s o f d i s k d r i v e s , c a n s u p p o r t t h o u s a n d s . D i s k a r r a y s a r e a n

i nt eg ra l p ar t o f h ig h- pe rf or ma nc e s to ra ge s ys te ms , a nd t he ir i mp or t anc e an d s ca le a re g r ow ing as con t inu ous acces s to

i n f o rm a t i on b e c o m es c r i t ic a l t o t h e d a y - to - d a y o p e r a t io n o f m o d e rn

b u s in e ss . T h is i s a F a ul t -T o le r an t d r iv e , h a v e S l ow e r s p ee d b u tcheaper t han Mi r r o r .


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BACKUP S YS TEMS

1 . T ap e T ec hn o lo g y

T a p e b a c k u p t e c h n o l o g i e s h a v e t o k e e p u p w i t h t h e e v e r i n c r e a s i n g

capac i t y o f d i s k d r i ves whi ch i s an a l t e r na t i ve and a t t r ac t i ve way t obackup and s ecur e da t a wi t h .

H i g h c a p a c i t y s o l u t i o n f o r e - c o m m e r c e . B y u s i n g t a p e d r i v e s y o u

have an eas y and conven i en t way t o backup s e r ve r da t a f o r s ma l l andm e d i u m s iz e d c o m p a ny w e b s i te s . W e h a v e d i f fe r e n t t yp e s o f t a pe

back up l i s t ed be l ow.

DAT ( Di g i t a l Aud i o Tape)

D ig it al a ud io t ap e ( DA T) i s t he t ap e t ec hn ol og y o f c ho ic e f or

b acku p memo ry becaus e o f i t s supe r io r s to r age cap ac i ty ,

c omp ac tn es s a nd h ig h r el i a bi li ty . A DA T c as se tt e c an s to re1 .3Gby t es o f da t a , can r ecor d f o r t wo hou r s and r e t r i eves a l a r ge f i l e

i n a n a v e r a g e o f 2 0 s e c o n d s ; D A T s t o r a g e t e c h n o l o g y h a s a n e r r o r r a t e o f one i n 10 ( s uper s c r i p t 15 ) b i t s .

S ony and HP de f i ned t he DDS ( Di g i t a l Da t a S t o r age ) s t andar d whi chi s a s t a n d ar d f o r d a t a b a c k u p d e v i c e u s i n g t h e D A T t e c h n o l o g y. T h e

l a t e s t DDS - 4 s t andar d p r ov i des 20 GB of s t o r age capac i t y .

DLT ( Di g i t a l L i nea r Tape)

D LT i s a l in ea r t ap e t ec hn ol og y w hi ch u se s s ev er al t ra ck s f or s t o r ag e . B e t w e e n 1 2 8 a n d 2 0 8 t r a c k s p e r t a p e u s i n g a h a l f -i n c h t a p ew i d t h . D L T i s a p o p u l a r t e c h no l o g y f o r b a c k u p t a p e d r i v e s a n d i t i s

be i ng f avor ed by Compac t . The DLT 8000 have a s t o r age capac i t y o f

4 0 GB a nd d a ta t ra n sf er r at e o f 6 M bp s. S up er D LT i s t he m os tt echn ica l ad vance d t ape s ys t em.

Tape L i b r a r y

A t a p e l i b r a r y i s a s t o r a g e d e v i c e w h i c h c o n t a i n s o n e o r m o r e t a p e

d r i v e s, a n u m b e r o f s l o t s t o h o l d t a p e c a r t r i d g es . T h e s e d e v i c es c a n

s t o r e i mmens e amoun t s o f da t a , cu r r en t l y r ang i ng f r om 20 t e r aby t esu p t o mo re th an 5 0 p eta b yte s o f d ata , o r a bo ut o ne h un dre d

t hous and t i mes t he capac i t y o f a t y p i ca l ha r d .

2 . O nl in e da ta b ac k up


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One ano t he r s o l u t i on f o r da t a backup s y s t em i s I n t e r ne t da t a s t o r age

f r o m o n e o f t h e m a n y o n l i n e b a c k u p s e r v i c e p r o v i d e r s a v a i l a b l e o n

t h e I n t e r n e t. B y u s i n g a n o n l i n e b a c k u p s o l u t i on p r o v i d e r y o u g e t a b a c k u p s y s t e m f o r y o u r c o m p u t e r ' s d a t a t h a t i s s e c u r e a n d a t t h e

s a m e t i m e s t o r e d s a f e l y a t a r e m o t e l o c a t i o n . Y o u c a n s t o r e y o u r

d a t a a s a n o n l i n e d a t a b a c k u p b y u s i n g a n f t p t r a n s f e r p r o g r a m t ot r a n sf e r d a t a t o a n f t p s e r v e r o r o n t o s p a c e o n y o u r w e b h o s t . Y o u r

comput e r can c r as h and y ou r i s k l os e y our s t o r ed i n f o r mat i on . I f y ou

a r e l u c k y y o u m a y b e a b l e t o r e c o v e r y o u r d a t a b y p a y i n g a l a r g e b il l, b ut w ha t i f y ou r c om pu te r g et s s to le n o r y ou l os e y ou r

comput e r compl e t e l y i n a f i r e . S o , we can us e on l i ne da t a backup .

S ECURI TY

E v e ry b od y w h o o p e ns a n E - co m me r ce s t or e s h ou l d b e c o n ce r ne d

a b ou t t he ir w eb s it e s ec ur it y. E -c om me rc e u su a ll y i nv ol ve s t hep r o ce s si n g o f c r ed i t c a rd s a n d s e ns i ti v e c u st o me r i n fo r ma t io n s o

s e c u r i t y i s v e r y i m p o r t a n t . T h e r e h a s b e e n a n i n c r e a s e a s w e l l i ns t o l e n c r e d i t c a r d n u m b e r s b e i n g u s e d t o b u y m e r c h a n d i s e . Y o u a s

t he s to re o wn e r a re r es po n si bl e f or s cr ee n in g t he se c re di t c a rd

number s becaus e i t i s y our l os s f o r bo t h t he amoun t cha r ged and t he

m e rc h an d is e t h at y o u s h ip f o r a f r au d u le n t t r an s ac t io n . H e re a r es ome p r ecau t i ons by whi ch r i s k can be r educed :

Us e a S S L S ecur e S ocke t Lay er enc r y p t i on on y our web s i t e t o

enc r y p t s ens i t i ve cus t omer da t a . P ages t ha t a r e enc r y p t ed wi t h

S S L l a y e r s w i l l s h o w a " p a d l o c k " a t t h e b o t t o m r i g h t o f t h eweb b r ows er i f y ou a r e us i ng I n t e r ne t Exp l o r e r .

D o n o t s t o r e c u s t o m er ' s c r e d i t c a r d i n f o rm a t io n o n t h e s e r v e r .

P ro ce ss t ra ns ac ti on s i mm ed ia te ly t hr ou gh y ou r p ay me nt

g a t e w ay ( s u c h a s A u t h o ri z e . n et o r V e r i si g n ) a n d h a v e t h e m b er e s p o n s i b l e f o r t h e c r e d i t c a r d s e c u r i t y . Y o u m a y a l s o s t o r e

h a l f o f t h e c u s t o m e r ' s c r e d i t c a r d n u m b e r o n t h e s e r v e r a n d

h av e h al f o f t he n um be r e ma ile d t o y ou i f yo u w is h t o

manua l l y p r oces s t he o r de r .

C o l l ec t t h e C a r d V e r i f i ca t i o n V a l u e o f t h e c r e d i t c a r d ( 3 d i g i t

n um be r l oc at ed o n t he b ac k o f t he c ar d) f or f ur th er c ar d

ve r i f i ca t i on U s e y o u r c r e d i t c a r d p r o c e ss o r ' s A d d r e s s V e r i f i c a ti o n S y s te m

t o v e ri f y t h e c o rr e ct b i ll i ng a d d re s s ( s t r ee t a n d z i p ) o f t h e

c r e d i t c a r d . I f t h e a d d r e s s d o e s n o t m a t c h i t m a y b e b e s t t ocance l t he o r de r . Us i ng t h i s me t hod a l ong wi t h #5 wi l l p r even t

99% of y our f r audu l en t o r de r s .

D o n o t s h i p t o a n a d d r e s s o t h e r t h a n t h e b i l l in g a d d r e s s o f t h ec r ed i t ca r d .


16/25

Y o u m a y w i s h t o c o l l e c t t h e i s s u i n g b a n k n a m e a n d i s s u i n g

b an k p ho n e # o f t he c re di t c ar d. I f t he t ra n sa c ti on l oo k ss us p i c i ous y ou can ca l l t he ban k t o make s u r e i t i s no t a s t o l en

c r ed i t ca r d .

U se c om mo n s en se , i f t he o rd er l oo ks s us pi ci ou s d o n ot

p ro ce ss i t , o r w a it u n ti l t he n ex t d a y. O ft en i f t he c ar d i ss t o l en t he ca r d wi l l be r epor t ed a s s t o l en t he nex t day and y ou

wi l l avo i d t he f r audu l en t t r ans ac t i on .

F o r f o r e i g n c o u n t r y o r d e r s y o u m a y w a n t t o o n l y t a k e m o n e yo r de r s o r c a sh i er s c h e ck s . F o re i gn b a n ks s o me t im e s t o n o t

h a ve a d d re s s v e ri f ic a ti o n s ys t em s a n d t h e t r an s a ct io n s a r e

r i s k i e r .


17/25

CHAPTER - 3

BUSINESS ASPECTS

Cor e As pec t s o f an I n t e r ne t Bus i nes s

An i n t e r ne t bus i nes s i s a t r ade mechan i s m, whi ch i s exc l us i ve l y

be i ng ca r r i ed ou t by o n l i ne means . A l l t he t r ans ac t i ons , s e l l i ng an d

pur chas i ng a r e ca r r i ed ou t on l i ne . e - commer ce has f ac i l i t a t ed

i n t e r ne t bus i nes s by p r ov i d i ng t he on l i ne means wi t h mor eau t hen t i c i t y and capab i l i t y t o ca r r y ou t bus i nes s and t r ade

t r ans ac t i ons .

To s ucces s f u l l y l aunch an i n t e r ne t bus i nes s can be a compl i ca t ed

p r oces s f o r newcomer s , e s pec i a l l y i f t he bus i nes s i n i t i a t o r has noconcep t s and i dea abou t t he co r e a s pe c t s o f i n t e r ne t bus i nes s . The

on l i ne bus i nes s t r end i s ve r y compe t i t i ve and mak i ng an i mpac t i nt he on l i ne communi t y i s a r e l a t i ve l y d i f f i cu l t t a s k . Any neg l i gence

i n i mpl emen t i ng t he co r e a s pec t s o f t he i n t e r ne t bus i nes s wi l l no t

on l y h i nde r t he p r ogr es s o f t he i n t e r ne t bus i nes s bu t cou l d a l s o

r es u l t i n t he i n t e r ne t bus i nes s downf a l l .

The f o l l owi ng a r e t he co r e a s pec t o f i n t e r ne t bus i nes s :

Internet Law

The i n t e r ne t bus i nes s i s accoun t ab l e t o t he l aw i f i t does no t f o l l owt he c r i t e r i a wh i ch a r e be i ng s e t up by t he admi n i s t r a t i on . Mos t

peop l e i n i t i a t i ng t he bus i nes s f a i l t o r ea l i ze t he l ega l accoun t ab i l i t y

o f r unn i ng an i n t e r ne t bus i nes s . The i n t e r ne t l aws a r e t he co r eas pec t t o i n t e r ne t bus i nes s and i t ' s ve r y neces s a r y t ha t an i nd i v i dua l

s t a r t s an i n t e r ne t bus i nes s wh i ch i s accor d i ng t o t he l aw t o avo i d

compl i ca t i ons i n t he l a t e r s t age o f t he bus i nes s . The i n t e r ne t l aw

c l ea r l y s t a t e s t he r u l e f o r commenc i ng i n t e r ne t bus i nes s , s ecur e cas ht r ans ac t i ons , r u l e s t o avo i d s pammi ng e t c .

Internet Market ing and Advert i s ing

The s ucces s o f an i n t e r ne t bus i nes s i s s o l e l y dependen t upon t he

adver t i s i ng and mar ke t i ng campa i gn t he i n t e r ne t bus i nes s . Th i sphas e i s cons i de r t o be a co r e a s pec t o f t he i n t e r ne t bus i nes s a s

wi t hou t mar ke t i ng no i n t e r ne t bus i nes s can s u r v i ve on t he cy ber

s pace . Ther e a r e s eve r a l mar ke t i ng mechan i s ms whi ch a r e us ed on

t he i n t e r ne t . S ome popu l a r mechan i s m i nc l udes banner


18/25

adver t i s emen t s , a f f i l i a t i on wi t h s ea r ch eng i nes , p r omot i on t h r ough

r e f e r r a l s y s t em e t c . I n t e r ne t i s a huge bus i nes s wi t h a t a r ge t mar ke t

o f mi l l i ons o f peop l e t he r e f o r e i t i s v e r y neces s a r y t ha t an i n t e r ne tbus i nes s i n i t i a t o r f u l l y compr ehend t he i mpor t ance o f mar ke t i ng and

adver t i s i ng f o r t he s u r v i va l o f t he i n t e r ne t bus i nes s and t o enab l e i t

t o make p r o f i t s i n a t i me l y manner .

Internet Secur i ty

S ecur i t y i s a l s o a co r e a s pec t o f an i n t e r ne t bus i nes s . S i nce t he

bus i nes s i s exc l us i ve l y cond uc t ed on l i ne t he r e f o r e t o ga i n t he t r us t

o f c l i en t s i t i s r equ i r ed by t he bus i nes s owner s t o i mpl emen ts ecur i t y and ens ur e s a f e t r ans ac t i on o f money ove r t he i n t e r ne t .

Ther e a r e many s ecur i t y p r o t oco l s t ha t can be i mpl emen t ed i n t he

i n t e r ne t bus i nes s webs i t e t o make i t mor e s ecur e .

Customer Feedback

To ge t p r ope r cus t omer and c l i en t f eedback i s a l s o ve r y neces s a r y a s

i t enab l es t he bus i nes s t o f u l l y r ea l i ze i t s po t en t i a l and t he i mpac t i t

i s mak i ng i n t he mar ke t . Ther e a r e s eve r a l way s cus t omer f eedback

can be t aken on l i ne . Th i s i nc l ude us i ng on l i ne f o r ums , cha t s e r ve r sand t e s t i mon i a l pages t o d i r ec t l y i n t e r ac t w i t h t he cus t omer s and

check how t he bus i nes s i s be i ng conce i ved on l i ne .

F i ve I mpor t an t As pec t s o f On l i ne Bus i nes s

F i l ed under :

Ent r ep r eneur s h i p

S e l f - he l p

Bus i nes s

Onl i ne Bus i nes s

Mar ke t i ng

I n t e r ne t i s t he oppor t un i t y . Any one can c r ea t e new bus i nes s i n

I n t e r ne t i f y ou have i deas and pas s i on . To make y our bus i nes sv i s i b l e and hea r d , y our webs i t e i s t he f i r s t r ecommendab l e t oo l . I f

y ou s e l l p r oduc t s and s e r v i ces , y ou need t o have an e - commer ce s i t e .

e - commer ce web s i t e des i gn i s no t h i ng d i f f e r en t t han a t r ad i t i ona l

web des i gn , bu t r equ i r e s a f ew mor e ex t r a f unc t i ona l i t i e s and

componen t s t o hand l e f i nanc i a l t r ans ac t i ons . F or t hos e add i t i ona ls e r v i ces , y ou wi l l have t o r e l y on t h i r d pa r t i e s . Many s t a r t ups a r e


19/25

i n t i mi da t ed by t he p r oces s and t hey do no t bu i l d web s i t e s t ha t a r e

capab l e o f e - commer ce t r ans ac t i ons . I am t r y i ng t o g i ve y ou j us t a

b r i e f i dea o f wha t i t t akes t o des i gn e - commer ce s i t e s . I w i l l wr i t ed i f f e r en t a s pec t s o f on l i ne bus i nes s i n my f u t u r e pos t s .

Th i s w i l l he l p y ou under s t and how e - commer ce s i t e deve l opment

d i f f e r s f r om r egu l a r web s i t e deve l opment , and wi l l a l s o he l p y ou t obu i l d web s i t e s t ha t accompl i s h des i r ed pur pos e .

Transact ion Secur i ty

One o f t he mos t i mpor t an t a s pec t s o f e - commer ce web s i t e des i gn i s

s ecur i t y t ha t c r ea t e s conf i dence i n cons umer s do i ng on l i net r ans ac t i ons . You need t o make s u r e t ha t y our v i s i t o r s can s a f e l y and

s ecur e l y i npu t t he i r pe r s ona l de t a i l s , c r ed i t ca r d i n f o r mat i on and

s h i pp i ng i n f o r mat i on i n t o y our on l i ne pa y ment s y s t em. To bu i l d web

s i t e s t ha t a r e s ecur e , y ou wi l l need t o p r o t ec t pages wi t h t heenc r y p t i on o f S ecur e S ocke t Lay er ( S S L) . S S L enc r y p t s t he

i n f o r mat i on t r ans f e r r ed f r om y our page t o t he web s e r ve r and o t he r s e r ve r s l i ke pay ment p r oces s i ng s e r ve r and mer chan t bank s e r ve r s .

You can ge t i n s t a l l ed S S L ce r t i f i ca t e f o r y our e - commer ce webs i t e s

t h r ough y our webs i t e hos t . Ther e a r e many d i g i t a l ce r t i f i ca t e

p r ov i de r s . Mos t popu l a r and t r us t ed p r ov i de r s a r e Ver i s i gn andThawt e .

Payment Gateway

To bu i l d web s i t e s t ha t accep t on l i ne pay ment s , y ou wi l l need t o

i ncor por a t e pay ment ga t eway s e r v i ces f o r p r oce s s i ng c r ed i t / deb i tca r ds i n t o y our ecommer ce web s i t e des i gn . P ay ment Ga t eway s a r e

connec t ed wi t h y our bank t h r ough y our mer chan t accoun t s i n t hos e

banks . A l l f i nanc i a l t r ans ac t i ons s hou l d go t h r ough pay ment ga t ewayf or va l i da t i on and au t hen t i ca t i on o f t he ca r ds and s ecur ed

t r ans ac t i ons be f o r e pay ment i s depos i t ed t o y our mer chan t accoun t .

P ay ment Ga t eway s cha r ge a s ma l l pe r cen t age o f t r ans ac t i on f ees

and f ee f o r f und t r ans f e r . You can choos e t o accep t v a r i ous c r ed i tca r ds , and o t he r on l i ne pay ment me t hods l i ke P ay P a l , Ver i s i gn ,

Aut hor i ze ne t , t o checkou t , Wor l d P ay e t c . Th i s i s s omet h i ng t ha t

s hou l d be a r r anged ea r l y i n t he s i t e deve l opment p r oces s s o t ha t y oucan beg i n do i ng bus i nes s i mmedi a t e l y once y our s i t e has l aunched .

Acqu i r i ng pay ment ga t eway accoun t , i n t eg r a t i ng t he f ea t u r e i n t o

y our e - commer ce s i t e and t e s t i ng t he t r ans ac t i ons may s ome t i me ,even s omet i me f r us t r a t i ng i n coor d i na t i on and communi ca t i on wi t h

d i f f e r en t p r ov i de r s . S o p l an ahead f o r t h i s .

Look and fee l
http://www.verisign.com/http://www.thawte.com/http://www.verisign.com/http://www.thawte.com/


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Aes t he t i c s i s ano t he r i mpor t an t a s pec t o f e - commer ce web s i t e

s ucces s . I t he l ps t o make y our v i s i t o r s s pend t he i r t i me i n y our s i t e .Compe t i t i on i s s o f i e r ce on t he I n t e r ne t . I f y ou wan t t o bu i l d web

s i t e s t ha t s t and ou t f r om t he c r owd , t hey mus t be aes t he t i ca l l y

appea l i ng . A beau t i f u l s i t e w i t h c l ean and c r i s p l ay ou t w i l l be mor el i ke l y t o d r aw cus t omer s , and i s much mor e l i ke l y t o encour age

r epea t cus t omer s t han a s i t e t ha t has been poor l y deve l oped . To ge t

an i dea o f wha t l ooks good and wha t doe s n t , y ou s hou l d v i s i tcompe t i ng and non- compe t i ng e - commer ce s i t e s a r ound t he web .

Software and Appl icat ions

Ther e a r e many d i f f e r en t s o f t war e p r oduc t s and e - commer ce

app l i ca t i ons t ha t can be pur chas ed and even ava i l ab l e i n t he f o r o f

f r ee and open s our ce s o f t war e t o he l p y ou wi t h y our e - commer ce

web s i t e des i gn and r un y our on l i ne bus i nes s . S ome o f t hes e t oo l sand f r amewor ks wi l l be he l p f u l when y ou bu i l d web s i t e s , and o t he r s

wi l l be he l p f u l when y ou have l aunched t he s i t e and wan t t o t r ack o r de r s , mon i t o r y our i nven t o r y , o r enab l e f ea t u r es l i ke pay ment

p r oces s i ng and emai l au t o - a l e r t s .

Hire the profess ionals

I f y ou wan t t o bu i l d webs i t e s t ha t a r e e - commer ce r eady , bu t don t

have t he e - commer ce web s i t e des i gn exper i ence n eeded t oaccompl i s h t he t a s k , y ou can h i r e an e - commer ce web s i t e des i gn

p r o f es s i ona l t o he l p y ou wi t h t he t r i ck i e r po r t i ons o f s i t e

deve l opment . Wi t h a mi n i ma l amoun t o f he l p f r om y ou , ap r o f es s i ona l des i gne r can bu i l d web s i t e s t ha t a r e v i s ua l l y appea l i ng

and t hen i ncor por a t e t he f ea t u r es y ou need t o compl e t e e - commer ce

t r ans ac t i ons .

CHAPTER - 4


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SWOT ANALYSIS

S WOT ANALYS I S OF e - COMMERCE

S WOT ana l y s i s i s an i mpor t an t t oo l f o r aud i t i ng t he ove r a l l s t r a t eg i c

pos i t i on o f a bus i nes s and i t s env i r onment .

S t r eng t hs and weaknes s es a r e I n t e r na l f ac t o r s . F or exampl e , as t r eng t h cou l d be y our s pec i a l i s t mar ke t i ng exper t i s e . A weaknes s

cou l d be t he l ack o f a new p r oduc t .

Oppor t un i t i e s and t h r ea t s a r e ex t e r na l f ac t o r s . F or exampl e , an

oppor t un i t y cou l d be a deve l op i ng d i s t r i bu t i on channe l s uch as t heI n t e r ne t , o r chang i ng con s umer l i f e s t y l e s t ha t po t en t i a l l y i nc r eas e

demand f o r a company ' s p r oduc t s . A t h r ea t cou l d be a new

compe t i t o r i n an i mpor t an t ex i s t i ng mar ke t o r a t echno l og i ca l

change t ha t makes ex i s t i ng p r oduc t s po t en t i a l l y obs o l e t e .

S TRENTHS

1 . 2 4 h r s a d a y, 7 d a y s i n a w e e k yo u r b u s in e s s i n o p er a t io n .

2 . Y o u c a n d o y o ur b u s i ne s s g l o ba l l y b y si t t in g a t y o u r o ff i c e ,

home o r i n bedr oom.3 . T h e p r o d uc t s r e a ch t o c u s t om e r s d i re c t l y fr o m t h e p ro d u c e r s at

a l ower p r i ce t han t he mar ke t va l ue .

4 . I t is f as t a nd e f fe c ti v e.5 . B y v i s it i n g d i ff e r e n t we b s i te s o n e c a n w i th i n a s h o r t ti m e c a n

compar e t he p r i ce and buy on t he bes t dea l .

6 . A d v e r ti s i n g y ou r p r o d uc t i s c o st e f f e c ti v e i n c o m pa r e w i t hconven t i ona l o f f l i ne s y s t em.

7 . L ow st af f c os t.

8 . F i n a nc i a l t r a ns a c t io n t h r o u g h e l ec t r o n ic f u n d t r a n s fe r i s v e r yf as t and can be done f r om any pa r t o f t he wor l d .

9 . C a n b e st a r t ed w i t h v e r y lo w i n v es t m e nt .

WEAKNES S

1 . T h e r e i s no d i r e c t in t e r ac t i o n b e tw e e n t h e c u st o m e r a nd t h e

s e l l e r . Ther e f o r e , t he s cope o f conv i nc i ng t he cus t omer doesno t ex i s t .

2 . M a n y ti m e s , we p r e f er t o b u y t h e p r od u c t b y re a c h i ng

pe r s ona l l y t o t he mar ke t r a t he r t han pu r chas i ng t h r oughI n t e r ne t .

3 . S o m e ti m e s, t r a n s p o rt a t io n c o s t i n c r ea s e s t h e p r o d uc t c o s t .

4 . N o . o f p o te n t i a l c us t o m er s w h o c a n b u y t h r o u gh I n t e r ne t i s

s t i l l no t enough .


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OP P ORTUNI TI ES

1 . E v e r yd a y n u m b er o f I n t e rn e t u s e rs i s i n c re a s i n g i n a ra p i d

way .

2 . P e o p le o f t o m o r r ow w i l l f e e l m or e c o m f o rt a b l e t o b u y p r od u c t st h r ough I n t e r ne t on l y .

3 . B i g c o m p an i e s a r e al r e a d y en t e r in g i n t h i s fi e l d s o ; t h e y a r e

mak i ng peop l e hab i t ua l and conf i den t abou t mar ke t i ng t h r oughI n t e r ne t a t t he cos t o f t he compan i es .

THREATS

Di s hones t pe r s ons en t e r i ng i n t h i s f i e l d whi ch damage t he

conf i dence and f a i t h o f common peop l e on mar ke t i ng t h r ough

I n t e r ne t .

F i gur e 4 .1 : S WOT Ana l y s i s

S our ce : www.goog l e . com

CHAPTER - 5


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BIBLIOGRAPHY

1. www.goog l e . com

2. h t t p : / / www. f aqs .o r g / abs t r ac t s / Eng i nee r i ng- and- manuf ac t u r i ng -

i ndus t r i e s / Di g i t a l - aud i o - t ape - f o r - da t a - s t o r age - Magne t i c -megab i t s . h t ml

3. h t t p : / / www.da t a - backup- and- s t o r age . com/ t ape - backup-

d r i ves .h t ml4 . h t t p :/ / w w w .i t w e be x p e r t s. c o m / fr a u d _ p re v e n t i on . p h p

5 . w e b . w o rl d b a n k .o r g / WB S I T E/ E X T ER N A L / TO P I C S/ E X T IN F O R

MATI ONANDCOMMUNI CATI ONANDTECHNOLOGI ES / 0 , , con

t en t MDK: 21035032~menuP K: 2888320~pageP K: 210058~p i P K: 210062~ t heS i t eP K: 282823 ,00 .h t ml

6. www.gs pay .com/ gener a l - t e r mi no l ogy - as s oc i a t ed - wi t h - e -

commer ce - mer chan t - accoun t s .php

7. www.mobj ackwebdes i gn . com/ g l os s a r y .h t ml8. www. i f s - de . com/ pages / g l os s a r y _f i l e s / Eg l os s .h t m

9 . w w w. S ma l lB u si n es s Bi b le . or g10 . www.wi k i ped i a . com
http://www.google.com/http://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Engineering-and-manufacturing-industries/Digital-audio-tape-for-data-storage-Magnetic-megabits.htmlhttp://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Engineering-and-manufacturing-industries/Digital-audio-tape-for-data-storage-Magnetic-megabits.htmlhttp://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Engineering-and-manufacturing-industries/Digital-audio-tape-for-data-storage-Magnetic-megabits.htmlhttp://www.data-backup-and-storage.com/tape-backup-drives.htmlhttp://www.data-backup-and-storage.com/tape-backup-drives.htmlhttp://www.google.co.in/url?&q=http://www.gspay.com/general-terminology-associated-with-e-commerce-merchant-accounts.php&ei=7ECGSsvYGtGJkQXOyp2cBw&sa=X&oi=define&ct=&cd=1&usg=AFQjCNGklZWSGmHozw3koUap1tLWnHO9Rwhttp://www.google.co.in/url?&q=http://www.gspay.com/general-terminology-associated-with-e-commerce-merchant-accounts.php&ei=7ECGSsvYGtGJkQXOyp2cBw&sa=X&oi=define&ct=&cd=1&usg=AFQjCNGklZWSGmHozw3koUap1tLWnHO9Rwhttp://www.google.co.in/url?&q=http://www.mobjackwebdesign.com/glossary.html&ei=7ECGSsvYGtGJkQXOyp2cBw&sa=X&oi=define&ct=&cd=1&usg=AFQjCNHpL_-U7YXx5L2u9lEQ28yksAlMHQhttp://www.google.co.in/url?&q=http://www.ifs-de.com/pages/glossary_files/Egloss.htm&ei=7ECGSsvYGtGJkQXOyp2cBw&sa=X&oi=define&ct=&cd=1&usg=AFQjCNGTzMIu6q7n-Id22Ftzsmn67f_jfQhttp://www.google.com/http://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Engineering-and-manufacturing-industries/Digital-audio-tape-for-data-storage-Magnetic-megabits.htmlhttp://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Engineering-and-manufacturing-industries/Digital-audio-tape-for-data-storage-Magnetic-megabits.htmlhttp://www.faqs.org/abstracts/Engineering-and-manufacturing-industries/Digital-audio-tape-for-data-storage-Magnetic-megabits.htmlhttp://www.data-backup-and-storage.com/tape-backup-drives.htmlhttp://www.data-backup-and-storage.com/tape-backup-drives.htmlhttp://www.google.co.in/url?&q=http://www.gspay.com/general-terminology-associated-with-e-commerce-merchant-accounts.php&ei=7ECGSsvYGtGJkQXOyp2cBw&sa=X&oi=define&ct=&cd=1&usg=AFQjCNGklZWSGmHozw3koUap1tLWnHO9Rwhttp://www.google.co.in/url?&q=http://www.gspay.com/general-terminology-associated-with-e-commerce-merchant-accounts.php&ei=7ECGSsvYGtGJkQXOyp2cBw&sa=X&oi=define&ct=&cd=1&usg=AFQjCNGklZWSGmHozw3koUap1tLWnHO9Rwhttp://www.google.co.in/url?&q=http://www.mobjackwebdesign.com/glossary.html&ei=7ECGSsvYGtGJkQXOyp2cBw&sa=X&oi=define&ct=&cd=1&usg=AFQjCNHpL_-U7YXx5L2u9lEQ28yksAlMHQhttp://www.google.co.in/url?&q=http://www.ifs-de.com/pages/glossary_files/Egloss.htm&ei=7ECGSsvYGtGJkQXOyp2cBw&sa=X&oi=define&ct=&cd=1&usg=AFQjCNGTzMIu6q7n-Id22Ftzsmn67f_jfQ


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CHAPTER - 6

APPENDIX

How much y ou us e e - commer ce webs i t e? Ra t e y our s e l f on t he g i vens ca l e . I f y ou t h i nk , y ou us e i t 5 - 6 t i mes i n a mon t h r a t e y our s e l f a s 5

o r i f y ou do no t us e i t r a t e y our s e l f a s 1 .

1 . H o w m an y h o u rs y o u u s e c o mp u t e r in a w e ek ?

(a) 10 h r s / week ( b ) 20 h r s / week ( c ) g r ea t e r t han 20 bu t

l e s s than 2 7 h r s /we ek ( d ) Do n o t know

2 . W h i c h e - c o m me r c e w e bs i t e yo u l i ke m o s t?

3 . H o w m a n y pr o d u c ts y o u b u y fr o m o n l in e s h o p p in g i n a y e a r?

(a ) 1 0 ( b ) Less t han 10 ( c ) Mo re than 10 ( d ) Do no t kn ow

4 . W h i c h ty p e o f p r o du c t y o u li k e t o b u y f ro m o n l in e s h o p p in g ?(a ) C l o th es ( b ) Dev i ces (c ) Books ( d ) G i f t s

5 . H o w m u c h yo u l i k e t h e se r v i c es p r o v id e d b y o n l in e r e t a il e r .

Ra t e i t on s ca l e o f 1 - 5 .

6. W h a t t yp e o f p a y m en t y o u g i ve ( P O , c r ed i t c a r d, o n l i n e o r

o f f l i ne pay ment ) ? Whi ch ca r ds ? ( Vi s a / MC? Amer i canExpr es s ? )

7. H a v e y ou f e e l a ny c h a n g e in p r i c e of o n l in e s h o p p in g a n dr e t a i l s hopp i ng . I s t he r e much d i f f e r ence i n p r i ce . Ra t e i t on

s ca l e o f 1 - 5 . Ra t e 5 f o r h i gh d i f f e r ence .

8. H o w c o n ce r n e d a re y o u a b ou t t h e fo l l o w in g i s s ue s ?

Very

concerned

Fair ly

concerned

N ot

concerned

S ecur i t y /

f r aud

Uns o l i c i t ed

emai l ( s pam)

I nappr opr i a t e

mat e r i a l

Expens i ve

I nvas i on o f pr ivacy


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No con cerns /

f ea r s

9 . H o w m u c h yo u l i k e q u a li t y o f p ro d u c t p u rc h a s e d b y y o u ? R a t ei t on s ca l e o f 1 - 5 . Ra t e 5 f o r h i gh qua l i t y .

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