E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their...

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Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK. E.A. Draffan, University of Southampton [email protected] http://access.ecs.soton.ac.uk

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E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), presentation, Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK, given at the TISP Workshop @ ICCHP 2014.

Transcript of E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their...

Page 1: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

Accessibility of

etext, ebooks

and ejournals:

their market

places and

devices - UK.

E.A. Draffan, University of Southampton

[email protected]

http://access.ecs.soton.ac.uk

Page 2: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

Removing barriers for print impaired

individuals

• In the UK, approximately 4% of learners in higher

education have a print disability,.

• 10% of the general population are dyslexic

• between 20 and 50% of men in prison have a

specific learning disability.

• By age 70-80 ebooks could support you YOUR

poor vision (20% risk) or fine motor control

difficulties (50% risk).

Page 3: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

E-text revolution – SCONUL* Annual

Library Statistics, 2010-2011

• UK university libraries offered access to 21,189,696 ebooks

• 17, 612, 276 ebooks were purchased

• 1089 e-book databases were purchased

• Expenditure on ebooks was £12,751,3421920

• Mean average of ebooks/100 FTE students is 1,168

*The Society of College, National and University Libraries

Page 4: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

E-text revolution - Ebrary global ebook

survey, 2011

Ebook usage is on a par with print books, with almost equal

numbers of students using each type.

• 72% of students would use ebooks if there were more titles

in their subject area.

• 60% of students would use ebooks if there were less

restrictions on printing & copying.

• 85% of students want to download to a PC (up from 80%

in 2008).

Page 5: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

UK Progress • Right to Read Alliance coordinating message to publishers

• ·Publisher Lookup website responding to user feedback

• Accessibility Action Group – reps from publishing industry

and advocacy groups – meeting 3-4 times a year to:

– identify areas of strategic importance

– identify areas of future importance and help communicate the value to our audiences (eg EDUPUB)

– plan and implement accessibility seminars for the last 5 London Bookfairs

• Load2Learn – originally schools now FE and Skills sector-

integrates with Publisher Lookup website – Bookshare links

• High quality text to speech voices made freely available to

education sectors in Scotland, England and Wales.

Page 6: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

Modelling a Framework for eBook

Accessibility

Thanks to JISC TechDis www.jisctechdis.ac.uk

Disabled Learners understanding what

they could expect and

how it would make

a difference.

Learning Providers understanding the costs of

inaccessibility and their legal

obligations to learners.

Technology

Evolution

(Education) Ebook collections, virtual

learning environments,

WiFi hotspots, Bring Your

Own Device.

Data analytics.

Technology

Evolution

(Publishing)

XML first workflows,

Ebooks, EPUB3, WIPO

enabling technologies

framework, ONIX Codelist

196, Multiple platform

delivery.

Key

drivers

Page 7: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

ICT Issues affecting ease of

acquisition…

Accessible e-book

retrieval

Browser

Ebook search engine

Library online

catalogue

Ebook platform

Ebook shop

Ebook retrieval

Page 8: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

ICT Factors affecting ease of use…

Accessible e-book

hardware

operating system

App / software

Copyright / lending

restrictions

Publisher

content of the book

Page 9: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

Why are e-books helpful for

print impaired readers?

• Recent studies suggest that for print impaired readers:

– Allowing reader to select the font, size and colour can improve reading accuracy (Petrie et al, 2005)

– Reading shorter lines of text on a small screen can improve reading speed (Schneps et al, 2013)

– Hearing and seeing the text in a synchronised manner can improve reading speed, accuracy and comprehension (Stodden et al, 2012)

• These personalisations can be provided through ebooks

if they are accessible and customisable

Page 10: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

What makes e-text accessible?

• Alter font size, style, spacing and justification

• Alter font and background colour

• Text can be read aloud

– User can select different voices and speed

• Annotate the text

– Search

– Notes & bookmarks

– Dictionary

Based on Web2Access (http://web2access.org.uk/)

Page 11: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

Edupub - ePub3 support grid - http://www.epubtest.org/

Page 12: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

Case study – I have to study

Romeo & Juliet….. • Tested Romeo & Juliet in:

– PDF format

– Kindle format

– Generic ebook format with no copy restrictions

• 7 devices

• 10 apps on Android

• 4 apps on iPad and iPhone

• 4 ebook readers on Windows

• 2 Kindle devices

Page 13: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

Case Study Results

• Scores ranged from 100% to 21%

• Top scoring app: 100% Voice Dream on iPad or iPhone for

all book formats

• Tests that scored 75%+

– ebooks on iBooks on iPad or iPhone

– Kindle books on iPad or iPhone (but low scores on other platforms)

– ebooks and text documents with Cool Reader (Android)

– ebooks with Blio on iPad and iPhone

Page 14: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

0,0%

10,0%

20,0%

30,0%

40,0%

50,0%

60,0%

70,0%

80,0%

90,0%

100,0%

Ebook accessibility rating: blue iOS apps, red Android apps, green

Kindle device, grey Windows apps

Page 15: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

Keep watching this space….

“To be blunt, I don't think there is any "great" solution

right now for online textbook sources as you have

limitations with all of them.”

Sean Keegan, Stanford University

ATHEN Email Forum, 26th March 2014

Page 16: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

Still to be achieved…

Standardisation

of formats,

devices and

content

personalisation

Copyright and

Digital Rights

Management

relaxation

Guidance for

Accessibility

options

?

Thank You

Page 17: E. A. Draffan (University of Southampton), Accessibility of etext, ebooks and ejournals: their market places and devices - UK @ ICCHP 2014, TISP Workshop

References

Ebrary global ebook survey, 2011 quoted in CILIP Ebook Acquisition and Lending

Briefing (updated)

http://www.cilip.org.uk/sites/default/files/documents/Ebook%20Acquisition%20and

%20Lending%20Briefing%20July%202013_0.pdf

Guide for testing and developing

http://www.jisctechdis.ac.uk/assets/Documents/accessebookresearch.pdf

Petrie, H., Weber, G., Fisher, W.(2005) Personalization, interaction, and navigation

in rich multimedia documents for print-disabled users. IBM Syst. J. 44(3), 629–635

Schneps MH, Thomson JM, Sonnert G, Pomplun M, Chen C, et al. (2013) Shorter

Lines Facilitate Reading in Those Who Struggle. PLoS ONE 8(8): e71161.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0071161

SCONUL Annual Library Statistics, 2010-2011

http://www.sconul.ac.uk/sites/default/files/documents/ALS1011.pdf

Stodden, N. J. (2012). Use of Text-to-speech Software to Improve Reading Skills

of High School Struggling Readers. Procedia Computer Science, 14(Dsai), 359–

362. doi:10.1016/j.procs.2012.10.041