Dynamic Spectrum Access & Sharing: a DSA...

Prof. H Sama Nwana, Executive DirectorDSA Global Summit, Manila, Philippines 7th May 2015

Dynamic Spectrum Access & Sharing: a DSA Viewpoint

Dynamic Spectrum Alliance

A global, cross-industry alliance focused on increasing dynamic access to unused radio frequencies

Goals:Closing the Digital Divide

Enabling the Internet of ThingsAlleviating the “Spectrum Crunch”

2© 2015 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance

• The Dynamic Spectrum Alliance is a global organization advocating for laws and regulations that will lead to more efficient and effective spectrum utilization.

• The Dynamic Spectrum Alliance members are working to create innovative solutions that will increase the amount of available spectrum to the benefit of consumers and businesses alike.

• The Dynamic Spectrum Alliance has developed model rules that can be used by regulators in adopting license-exempt rules for TV white space access. Available at: www.dynamicspectrumalliance.org/submissions.html.

About the Dynamic Spectrum Alliance

© 2015 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance 3

http://www.dynamicspectrumalliance.org/submissions.html

Key Executive Summary Messages

1. Dynamic spectrum access and Spectrum Sharing is a ‘no brainer’ – and increasingly being seen as such by leading regulators

© 2015 Dynamic Spectrum Alliance

2. Markets move faster than [spectrum] regulation, coupled with an ever growing demand for spectrum

• We need to move on to different models of spectrum regulation which reflects this dynamic reality

• Hence [1] dynamic spectrum access regulations [2] spectrum sharing must increasingly be the norm.

3. Asia is home to a significant part of the 4.4 Billion broadband-unconnected (ITU: end 2013) – and dynamic spectrum access and sharing techniques will play a key role in connecting them. So in Africa and Latin America too.

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Key Executive Summary Messages - 2

4. Dynamic spectrum access and spectrum sharing is on the cusp of enabling an alternative and complementary ecosystem to the current 3GPP ecosystem – to help drive more accessible and affordable voice and broadband services in places like the Philippines, Asia and elsewhere – unlicensed Wi-Fi is key


5. We must not be scared and/or underestimate what license-exempt access can enable – but we also respectfully acknowledge the great contributions being made by the licensed ecosystem today

6. DSA’s interest and work spans much than TVWS: 3.5GHz, unlicensed at 5Ghz and 2.4GHz, 470-694 MHz, IoT/M2M, 5G & DSA, dynamic spectrum rules/standards, GSM Whitespaces, etc.

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7. There are other spectrum bands wherein the only way forward is spectrum sharing, e.g. 3.5GHz in Europe/USA – and dynamic spectrum sharing techniques are already being considered for these bands, e.g. geo-databases and/or sensing


8. The ITU is not stopping (you) regulators from implementing dynamic spectrum access and sharing regulations. It is up to national regulators to decide what is right for them.

9. DSA’s goals are truly simple – so join us as long as you believe in them – or want to “keep a watching” brief on dynamic spectrum access/sharing. We are open (and inclusive) – the DSA Community Portal

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Why did the DSA Board choose the Philippines for this Global Summit?

Why Manila? Why Philippines?

• DSA members have been heavily involved in the Philippines ever since the first live TV white spaces demo was demonstrated in the Philippines three years ago at the Asian Development Bank annual meetings in Manila – Involved ADB, Microsoft, Adaptrum, and the Philippine ICT Office

• Positive regulation movement and cooperative co-hosts (NTC & ICTO) • Asian Development bank has supported TVWS trials • TVWS regulations released for public comment at the end of 2014. to

help influence policy:– Dynamic Spectrum Alliance Letter on Philippine Memorandum Circular –

February 2015– Dynamic Spectrum Alliance Response to NTC's Draft Memorandum Circular-

December 2014



The Philippines Internet Landscape

Why Philippines?

• 7107 islands!• Over 50% of Filipinos under 25!• 51% rural; 49% urban (source – World Bank)• Philippines has been known as the “texting capital of the world”

and the “social media capital of the world” at various times over last few years (GSMA Intelligence, 2014)

• Though Philippines has 105M (i.e. 105%) mobile subs (2014)• - ONLY over 7M mobile broadband subs by early 2014, i.e. only

7% of the population – 40M+ internet users• Fixed line market is in low single % digits• So GSMA recommends a key area for Govt investment is “digital

inclusion” => strong drivers for DSA and TVWS


Free Wi-FiAccelerating Inclusive Growth

http://www.icto.dost.gov.ph/free-wi-fi-project-terms-of-reference/

http://www.icto.dost.gov.ph/free-wi-fi-project-terms-of-reference/

Summary Progress since last Global Summit

Summary Progress since/from last summit in Ghana in May 2014

• Progress since the last Summit in May 2014 (Ghana)1. Publication of TVWS Model Rules 2. Engagement with ITU-D, ATU and a 15+ regulators 3. Members’ new trials and commercial deployments4. Growing membership

• Added 9 new members in past 12 months• We encourage you to join today!

5. Website updates and new Community Portal6. 32 Regulatory Submissions


Why Dynamic Spectrum Access and sharing?Some Examples

Key Spectrum Policy Process Elements are just getting too hard/un-dynamic

• Re-assignment (of rights) of spectrum is painful and long– Spectrum clearances, e.g. Channels 61, 62 and 69 in UK OR UK Radars in 2.7-

2.9GHz – took dozens of millions of £s sterling– Market-based mechanisms are hard too: ref Incentive auctions in USA– DSO took 15+ years typically from inception to spectrum awards

• Re-allocations (via auctions or assignments or beauty contests) are– Hard and protracted (sometimes)– Releasing Government spectrum to awards is just painful too

• Authorisations, Products & Licensing– Time consuming and resource hungry – and getting harder with more

“products”, bands, models


On change of use of broadcast spectrum to close the Digital Divide: e.g. Africa

• No brainer Africa needs to use its UHF spectrum for broadband coverage

• TVWS-tests completed in Accra, showing no interference when transmitting on a channel between two live TV channels.

• Also vast swathes of GSM whitespaces too!

• Key implications?

There is lots of channels free UHF TV across Africa, Philippines & Asia too…

Figure 39 – UHF Assignments in Malawi as of May 2013

Source: Malawi Communications Regulatory Authority (MACRA)

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Dynamic Spectrum Access – What is it?

A spectrum sharing approach that allows secondaryusers to access the abundant spectrum holes orwhite spaces in licensed spectrum bands

DSA technology enables radios to safely sharemultiple frequency bands without interfering withlegacy and other protected wireless systems

• White Space = part of the spectrum, available for a radiocommunicationapplication (service, system) at a given time in a given geographical area on a non-interfering/non-protected basis with regard to primary and other services (CEPT Report 24, 2008)

• 470 MHz – 854 MHz (8 MHz TV channels): – Analogue TV, – Digital TV and – White spaces

Seeing through the lens of a spectrum analyser…

Spectrum Sharing Update (2015):Unlicensed in the TV Bands

51% (Singapore), 63% (USA), 68% (Hong Kong) and 82% (Spain) data off-loading to Wi-Fi from smartphonesEBU estimates that 71% of all wireless data to mobile devices in the EU was delivered using Wi-Fi in 2014Without Wi-Fi offload, mobile data traffic would have grown 98% rather than 81% in 201397% will be offloaded by 2020!!So Wi-Fi/license-exempt complements licensedKey reason for opening up for 5GHz spectrum for Wi-Fi sharing – and for Wi-Fi in TV bands: 802.11af, 802.22 and 802.11ah

Spectrum Sharing: Unlicensed in Wi-Fi bands

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3.5 GHz Spectrum Access Tiers (USA)

Incumbent Access: Includes authorized federal and grandfathered Fixed Satellite Service (FSS) users currently operating in the 3.5 GHz Band.

Priority Access: Authorize certain users to operate with some interference protection in portions of the 3.5 GHz Band at specific locations

General Authorized Access: Users would be authorized to use the 3.5 GHz Band opportunistically within designated geographic areas. GAA users would be required to accept interference from Incumbent and Priority Access tier users.

Incumbent Access

Priority Access

General Authorized Access

GSM Whitespaces

Why GSM Whitespaces? Cellular Networks have stopped expanding their reach…

3.5 Billion people on cellular network

1 Billion people living outside of cellular coverage

because traditional infrastructure and operating costs are too high (source Endaga)

Equipment Urban (Cost) Rural (Cost)GSM Access Point Low Low

Mount Low (Roof) High (Tower)

Backhaul Low (Wired) High (Carrier-grade Microwave)

Power Low (Grid) High (Diesel)

Fence None (Roof) High (Protect Diesel)

Road/Transport None (Existing) High (Rough Roads)

Total $ $$$$

Local Ownership Model (source Endaga)

Equipment Traditional (Cost) Local (Cost)

GSM Access Point Medium (Huawei) Low (Endaga)

Mount High (Tower) None (Roof or Tree)

Backhaul High (Carrier Microwave) Low (Consumer vsat)

Power High (Diesel) Low (Local or Solar)

Fence High (Protect Diesel) None (On owner property)

Road/Transport High (Bad Roads) None (Local Transport)

Total $150,000 - 250,000 $10,000

Solution: Locally OwnedCellular/Mobile Networksi. can lease spectrum from MNOs or ii. can seek access to unused GSM

spectrum from the regulator and use dynamic access techniques

Papua, Indonesia (source: Endaga)

Location: 4 hours drive from nearest

traditional cellular coverage

Network Live in February 2013 400+ Subscribers Run by local primary school Interconnects to major national

carrier

Some Spectrum “Crunch” Areas DSA would be – or - is exploring

• DSA/Sharing in 3.5GHz band• Unlicensed sharing in TVWS• Unlicensed @ 5GHz• 470-694MHz• LSA in 2.4Ghz, 3.5GHz• GSM Whitespaces• Standards: ETSI PAWS, 802.11af, 802.22, 802.ah, etc• IoT/M2M• Geolocation Sharing in 17-19.7GHz (FS & FSS sharing)• 5G & DSA


“The ITU World Radiocommunication Conference of 2012 concluded that thecurrent international regulatory framework can accommodate software definedradio and cognitive radio systems, hence dynamic spectrum access, withoutbeing changed. The development of systems implementing this concept, such asTV white spaces, is therefore essentially in the hands of national regulators ineach country.

….For this, regulators will depend on state of the art best practices which arecurrently developed by ITU-R Study Groups 1, 5 and 6.”

François Rancy, Director, ITU Radiocommunication Bureau[ ITU Radiocommunication Seminar for Arab Countries, RRS13-Arab Tunis,Tunisia on December 13, 2013 ]

Regulators can move forward with enabling legislation and/or regulations. . .

Worldwide Pilot Projects and Trials


http://www.dynamicspectrumalliance.org/pilots.html

Exec Director 2015/2016 Call to Action

• Call on DSA/TVWS ecosystem development and bigger deployments to help drive ecosystem

• E.g. Economics of base stations/CPEs, etc need volume orders to costs down to levels that will accommodate $2-5 per monthly broadband costs

• Need to create a virtuous circle of regulations driving ecosystem which further drives more countries to move on DSA regulations`, etc.


Summary

Key Executive Summary Messages

1. Dynamic spectrum access and Spectrum Sharing is a ‘no brainer’ – and increasingly being seen as such by leading regulators

2. Markets move faster than [spectrum] regulation and ever growing demand for spectrum• We need to move on to different models of spectrum regulation

which reflects this reality• Hence [1] dynamic spectrum access regulations [2] spectrum

sharing must increasingly be the norm.3. Asia is home to a significant part of the 4.4 Billion broadband-

unconnected (ITU: end 2013) – and dynamic spectrum access and sharing techniques will play a key role in connecting them. So does Africa and Latin America.



4. Dynamic spectrum access and spectrum sharing is on the cusp of enabling a competing and complementary ecosystem to the current 3GPP ecosystem – to help drive more accessible and affordable voice and broadband services in places like the Philippines - unlicensed Wi-Fi is key

5. We must not be scared and/or underestimate what license-exempt access can enable – but we also respectfully acknowledge the great contributions being made by the licensed ecosystem today

6. DSA’s interest and work spans much than TVWS: 3.5GHz, unlicensed at 5Ghz and 2.4GHz, 470-694 MHz, IoT/M2M, 5G & DSA, help dynamic spectrum standards – GSM Whitespaces, etc.



7. There are other spectrum bands wherein the only way forward is spectrum sharing – and dynamic spectrum sharing techniques are already being considered for these bands, e.g. geo-databases and/or sensing

8. The ITU is not stopping (you) regulators from implementing dynamic spectrum access and sharing regulations. It is up to national regulators to decide what is right for them.

9. DSA’s goals are truly simple – so join us as long as you believe in – or want to “keep a watching” brief on dynamic spectrum access/sharing. We are open (and inclusive) – the DSA Community Portal


Dynamic Spectrum Access & Sharing: a DSA...

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