Dublinked Innovation Network Transport Event - Dr. Atif Manzoor, TCD
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Transcript of Dublinked Innovation Network Transport Event - Dr. Atif Manzoor, TCD
Lero© 2012
Future Cities – Smart Transportation Research
Public Transport Data Event 06 Dec 2012
Dr. Atif Manzoor Distributed Systems Group
Trinity College Dublin
Lero© 2012
• Future cities
– Challenges
– Research @ DSG
• Smart transportation
– Challenges
– Research @ DSG
Agenda
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Urban population growth
180,000 people move to cities every day By 2050, ~75% of population will live in cities
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Urban sprawl
Negative impact on traffic CO2 emissions
Negative impact on cost of public services
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Increasing energy demand
Increase across all sectors: transport; industry; residential; services
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Increasing elderly population
In 2000, 6.9% of world’s population 65+
By 2050, 15.6% of world’s population 65+
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Future cities research @ DSG
Sensing
Improved Services
Communications
Intelligence
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Research Areas
• Smart infrastructure: management of urban-scale critical infrastructure (USCI) – autonomic management techniques modelled as self-organising multi-agent systems
that exploit model-free learning algorithms to associate meaning and actions with available sensor data
• Smart transportation: improving the reliability and safety of road transportation – advanced urban traffic control and highway management systems
• Smart urban-scale sensing: middleware and communications architectures to allow data from both public and user-contributed sensors to be exploited by smart cities – wireless sensor networks, vehicular sensor networks, and participatory sensing
• Smart services: middleware for adaptable software services – run-time statistical timing analysis, timely reconfiguration; multi-layer
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• Future cities
– Challenges
– Research @ DSG
• Smart transportation
– Challenges
– Research @ DSG
Agenda
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Modern Society?
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Air pollution
Premature deaths increase ~150 per million (in 2000) to ~390
per million (in 2030)
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Air Pollution Deaths
- 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900
1,000
Pac
ific
Euro
pe
No
rth
Am
eric
a
Asi
a
Bra
zil
Ru
ssia
Ch
ina
Sou
th A
sia
(in
clu
din
g In
dia
)
Res
t o
fth
e W
orl
d
Wo
rld
OECD
Premature deaths from PM10 air pollution for 2000 and 2030 (cases per million inh)
2000
2030
Source: OECD, 2008
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Cost of congestion
In 2007, congestion induced economic losses in Dublin were 4.1% of GDP
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Cost of Congestion
44 37
19
27
50
37
28
64
38 35
25
49 45
21 20
45
57
27
71
30 23
35
43
35
47
33
20
42
54
74
38
Average time (hours) wasted in congestion every year
Source: Time Magazine, Texas Transportation Institute
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Deaths in traffic
In 2010, RTAs were no. 1 cause of death in 15-44 year-olds in the U.S.
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Smart transportation Collaborating smart vehicles
Less congestion
Saving time
Fewer crashes
Increased safety Green transport
Reduced pollution
Smart infrastructure
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Smart Infrastructure • Urban scale critical infrastructure modelled as multi-agent systems
– Traffic-light controllers on a junction modelled as an intelligent agent • Learn suitable actions through interaction with environment
• Suitable for dynamic operating environments
– Urban traffic control system modelled as multi-agent systems • Use of multi-agent cooperation to manage dependencies between agents
to improve overall system performance
– Self-organizing • Global behaviours arise from local actions and interactions
• No central control or global system view
– Multiple performance goals/policies
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Collaborating Smart Vehicles
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• Dynamic environment
– High speed movements
– Unmanaged
– Unpredictable
• Real-time requirements
• Unreliable communication
Challenges
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Thank you