DSP Certfication Program Course Contents

66
UG CONSULTANTS Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development Course Contents Summary UNIT 1: DSP Concepts, Algorithms and Design UNIT 2: DSP Processors: Enhanced Conventional DSP Processors and VLIW Architecture based DSP Processor (TMS320C5416, TMS320C5515 and TMS320C6713) UNIT 3: Real Time Embedded System Development using DSP UNIT 4: Data Compression UNIT 5: Image Processing (Fundamentals and Advanced Concepts) UNIT 6: Project Trainer: Madhusudhana Rao.D © Copyright 2008 UG Consultants. All right reserved Mail ID: [email protected] Contact num: +91-9945219287

Transcript of DSP Certfication Program Course Contents

Page 1: DSP Certfication Program Course Contents

UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Course Contents Summary

UNIT 1: DSP Concepts, Algorithms and Design

UNIT 2: DSP Processors: Enhanced Conventional DSP

Processors and VLIW Architecture based DSP

Processor (TMS320C5416, TMS320C5515 and

TMS320C6713)

UNIT 3: Real Time Embedded System Development

using DSP

UNIT 4: Data Compression

UNIT 5: Image Processing (Fundamentals and

Advanced Concepts)

UNIT 6: Project

Trainer: Madhusudhana Rao.D© Copyright 2008 UG Consultants. All right reserved Mail ID: [email protected] Contact num: +91-9945219287

Page 2: DSP Certfication Program Course Contents

UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

UNIT 1: DSP Concepts, Algorithms and Design

Analog Signals and Systems in Time and Frequency Domains

Signal Parameters

Basic Operations on signals

Classification of signals

Basic Signal Examples

Complex Exponential

Phasor Representation of Complex Exponentials

Frequency domain representation of Complex Exponentials

Ortho-normality

Fourier Series Representation

Fourier Transform of non-periodic signals

Magnitude and Phase Spectra

Bandwidth of a Signal

Power and Energy Spectral Density

Auto Correlation and Cross Correlation of signals

Properties of Fourier Transform

Hilbert Transform

In-phase and Quadrature phase representation of signals

Bandpass Signals

Basic System Properties

Linear and Time Invariant Systems

Impulse Response and Its Significance

Input – Output Relation: Convolution

Stability Criterion

Linear Constant Coefficient Differential Equations

First-order and Second-order systems

Frequency Response of a system

Magnitude and Phase Response of a system

Trainer: Madhusudhana Rao.D© Copyright 2008 UG Consultants. All right reserved Mail ID: [email protected] Contact num: +91-9945219287

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Conditions for distortionless transmission through a system

Sinusoidal excitation of system

Classification of systems based on Magnitude Response

Butterworth and Chebyshev Low Pass Filters

Complex Domain Representation of Signals and Systems

Laplace Transform and Region of Convergence

Properties of Laplace Transform

Signal Sampling and Quantization

Sampling Theorem for Bandlimited signals

Niquist Criterion

Reconstruction of a signal from its samples

Aliasing

Anti-Aliasing Filter

Sampling Theorem for Bandpass Signals

Quantization

Quantization Error

Analog –to-Digital and Digital-to-Analog conversion

Binary Representation of Quantized Signal

Source Coding and Huffman Coding

Coding Efficiency

Discrete Signals and Systems in Time and Frequency domains

Basic Digital Signals

Classification of Signals

Operations on Signals

Auto-Correlation and Cross-Correlation of Signals

Frequency variable for Discrete Signals

Fourier Transform of Discrete Signals

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Magnitude and Phase Spectrum for Digital Signals

Basic System Properties

Systems connected in Parallel and Cascade

Linear and Time-Invariant Systems

Stability Criterion for an LTI System

Impulse Response

Frequency Response of a System

Magnitude and Phase Responses of System

Classification of Systems based on Magnitude and Phase

Responses of a system

Convolution

Conditions for Distortionless Transmission through a System

Sinusoidal Excitation of a System

IIR and FIR Systems

First-order Analog System and Its equivalent Discrete System

Realization of a Digital System using Direct Form-1 and Direct

Form-2 methods.

FIR Symmetric System

Linear Constant Coefficient Difference Equation

Recursive and Non-Recursive Systems

Comb filter

Impulse Invariant Method and Bi-linear Transformation to

transform a signal from Laplace domain to Z-domain.

Frequency Transformations: LP to HP, BP, BS etc.

Discrete Fourier Transform and Signal Spectrum

Discrete Fourier Series Coefficients

Discrete Fourier Transform

Amplitude Spectrum and Power Spectrum

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Spectral Estimation using Window Functions

Fast Fourier Transforms (Decimation in Time and Decimation in

Frequency)

Complex Domain Representation of Digital Signals

Z-Transform

Properties of the Z-Transform

Region of Convergence in Z plane

Inverse Z-Transform

Solution of Difference Equations using Z Transform

Digital Processing Systems and Digital Filter Realizations

Difference Equations and Transfer Function

System Function and Pole-Zero Diagram and Stability Criterion.

Digital Filter Frequency Response.

Classification of Digital Filters

Realization of Digital Filters

Tranformation of Analog Systems to Digital Systems

Impulse Invariant Method

Bilinear Transformation Method

Finite Impulse Response Systems

FIR System: Definition and Difference Equation

FIR Filter Design:

o Fourier Transform Design & Window Method

o Frequency Sampling Method

o Frequency Sampling Method

Realizations of FIR Systems:

o Transversal Form

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

o Linear Phase Form

o Lattice Structure

Coefficient Accuracy Effects on FIR Filters

Infinite Impulse Response Systems

IIR System: Definition and Difference Equation

Digital Butterworth and Chebyshev Filter Design

Higher order Infinite Impulse Response Filter Design using

Cascade Method

Pole-Zero Placement Method for IIR Filters

Adaptive Filters

Least Mean Square Adaptive Finite Impulse Response Filters

Basic Wiener Filter Theory

Applications of Adaptive Filtering

o Noise Cancellation

o System Modeling

o Canceling Periodic Interference Using Linear Prediction

o Electro-Cardiography Interference Cancellation

o Echo Cancellation in Telephonic Circuits

Waveform Quantization and Compression

Quantization and Quantization Error

Mu – Law Companding

Waveform Coding

o Differential Pulse Code Modulation

o Delta Modulation

o Adaptive Pulse Code Modulation

o Discrete Cosine Transform

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Multirate Digital Signal Processing

Multirate Digital Signal Processing Basics

Decimation and Interpolation

Polyphase Filter Structure and Implementation

Over-sampling of Analog to Digital Converter

Under-sampling of Bandpass Signals

Image Processing Basics

Image Data Formats

Image Histogram and Equalization

Image Level Adjustment and Contrast

Image Filtering Enhancement

Image Pseudo Color Generation

Image Spectra

Image Compression by DCT

Video Signal Basics

Motion Estimation in Video

Introduction to MATLAB Environmant

Basic Commands and Syntax

MATLAB Array and Indexing

Plot Utilities

MATLAB Script Files

MATLAB Functions

DSP Implementation using MATLAB

MATLAB Program for Uniform Quantization Encoding

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

MATLAB Program for Uniform Quantization Decoding

MATLAB Program for Calculating Signal to Noise Ratio

MATLAB Program to Compute the Signal Spectrum

MATLAB Program for Spectral Estimation Using Window Functions

MATLAB Program to Compute Output Sequence for a Given Input

Sequence and a Given Difference Equation

MATLAB Program to Compute and Plot Magnitude and Phase

Response.

MATLAB Program for Pre-Emphasis of Speech Signal

MATLAB Program for Bandpass Filtering of Speech

MATLAB Program for FIR Filter Design Using Window Method

MATLAB Program for the application of Noise Filtering using FIR

Filter

MATLAB Program for FIR Filter Design using Frequency Sampling

Method

MATLAB Program for FIR Filter Design using Optimal Design

Method

MATLAB Program for the Realization of FIR Filter in Transversal

Form

MATLAB Program for demonstrating Coefficient Accuracy Effects

on FIR Filter Performance.

MATLAB Functions for the Bilenar Transformation Design

MATLAB Program for the design of Digital Low Pass Butterworth

Filter

MATLAB Program for the design of Digital High Pass Butterworth

Filter

MATLAB Program for the design of Digital Low Pass Chebyshev

Filter

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

MATLAB Program for the design of Digital High Pass Chebyshev

Filter

MATLAB Program for the design of Digital Band Pass Butterworth

Filter

MATLAB Program for the design of Digital Band Stop Chebyshev

Filter

MATLAB Program for the design of Hiher Order Low Pass

Butterworth Filters

MATLAB Program for the Digital Audio Equalizer

MATLAB Program for the relaization of IIR Systems in Direct Form

I and Direct Form II methods.

MATLAB Program for heart rate detection using an ECG Signal

MATLAB Program for the DTMF generation

MATLAB Program for the DTMF detection using Goertzel

Algorithm.

MATLAB Program for Adaptive Noise Cancellation

MATLAB Program for Adaptive System Identification

MATLAB Program for Adaptive Line Enhancement

MATLAB Program for Linear Midtread Quantizer

MATLAB Program for MU-Law Encoding and Decoding

MATLAB Program for ADPCM Encoding and Decoding

MATLAB Program for Waveform Coding DCT and W-MDCT

MATAB Program for Decimation

MATLAB Program for Interpolation

MATLAB program for changing sampling rate with a non-integer

factor.

MATLAB Program for Image Format Conversion

MATLAB Program for Equalization

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

MATLAB Program for Image Filtering (Gaussian & Median

Filtering)

MATLAB Program for Pseudo Color Generation.

UNIT 2: DSP Processors: Enhanced Conventional DSP

Processors and VLIW Architecture based DSP

Processor (TMS320C5416, TMS320C5515 and

TMS320C6713)

Introduction to Digital Signal Processing

Why use a DSP

What is Digital Signal Processing

Advantages of DSP

Basic Componnts of a Basic DSP System

ADC and DAC

Applications for DSPs

Low Cost DSP Applications

Power Efficient DSP Applications

High Performance DSP Applications

Overview of DSP Algorithms

Algorithm – Definition

DSP Systems

Analog to Digital Conversion

Niquist Criteria

Aliasing

Anti Aliasing Filter

Sample Rate and Processor Speed

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Digital to Analog Conversion

Multirate Applications

Introduction to Filters

FIR filter and their Characteristics

FIR Filters as Moving Averages

Hardware Implementation

Basic Software Implementation

Design and Implementation of FIR Filters

Basic FIR Optimizations for DSP Devices

IIR Filters

IIR Fiter Design

IIR Trade-Offs

DSP Architecture Optimization for Filter Implementation

Time Vs Frequency

DFT & FFT

Butterfly Structure

Forms of FFT Algorithm

FFT Implementation Issues

Introduction to Digital Signal Processors:

Evolution of DSP Processors

General purpose Microprocessors and DS Processors

Basic Architectural Features of DS Processors

DSP’s Computational Blocks

Bus architecture and Memory

Data Addressing Capabilities

Address Generation Unit

Speed Issues

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

DSP Architectures

Fast, Specialized Arithmetic

MAC Unit

Parallel ALUs

Numeric Representations

High Bandwidth Memory Architectures

Data and Instruction Memories

Memory Options

High Speed Registers

Memory Interleaving

Bank Switching

Caches for DSPs

Execution Time Predictability

Direct Access Memory (dMA)

DMA Example

Pipelined Processing & Limitations

Resource Conflicts

Pipeline Control

Specialized Instructions and Addrss Modes

Circular Addressing

Bit Reversed Addressing

Examples of DSP Architecture

Low Cost Accumulator Based Architecture

Low Power DSP Architectures

Event Driven Loop Applications

A DSP with Idle Modes

High Performance DSP

VLIW Load and Store DSP

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

TI’s TMS320 Processors and their Features

Software Development Tools for C54x: Code Composer Studio

(CCS)

Developing a Simple Program

Create/Open a new project

Adding the required files to the project

Build, Load Program and Run the project

Execution: Run, Halt, Step into, Step over etc

Debugging a project using CCS

Add/remove Breakpoint

Viewing variables and changing their values by using watch

window

View Memory and CPU Registers

View Disassembly

Viewing the Call Stack

Additional features of CCS

Adding a probe point for File I/O

Displaying Graphs

Creating a Library Project

Profiling the program

Data Formats and Computational Accuracy in DSP

Implementations

Signed two’s complement integer representation of data

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Fixed Point and Floating Point data formats

Fixed Point Arithmetic

Fixed Point Addition (Numbers with same Q format)

Fixed Point Subtraction (Numbers with same Q format)

Fixed Point Addition (Numbers with same different format)

Fixed Point Multiplication (Numbers with same Q format)

Q Values in the Watch Window of CCS.

Fixed Point and Floating Point Processors

Dynamic Range and Precision

DSP Algorithms and their Fixed Point C Implementation

Fixed Point C Coding and Issues

To determine the impulse response of a system

To implement difference Equations

Convolution & Correlation

DFT & FFT

Decimation and Interpolation

IIR and FIR Filters: Design (Using MATLAB and Fixed C

implementation

TMS320C54X processor’s architecture

Bus Structure

Internal Memory Organization

Central Processing Unit

Data Addressing

Program Memory Addressing

Pipeline Operation

On-Chip Peripherals

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Serial Ports

Central Processing Unit

CPU Status and Control Registers

Arithmetic Logic Unit

Accumulators A and B

Barrel Shifter

Multiplier/Adder Unit

Compare, Select and Store Unit

Exponent Encoder

MEMORY SPACE

Memory Organization

Program Memory

Data Memory

I/O Memory

Pipeline

Pipeline Operation

Interrupts and the Pipeline

Dual Access Memory and the Pipeline

Single Access Memory and the Pipeline

Pipeline Latencies

Addressing Modes (Data Memory)

Immediate Addressing

Absolute Addressing

Accumulator Addressing

Direct Addressing

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Indirect Addressing

Memory Mapped Register Addressing

Variants of Indirect Addressing

Post Increment & Pre Increment of the data address

Circular Addressing

Bit Reverse Addressing

Program Memory Addressing Mode

Program Memory Address Generation

Program Counter

Branches

Calls

Returns

Conditional Operations

Repeating a Single Instruction

Repeating a Block of Instructions

Reset Operation

Interrupts

Power Down Modes

Tutorials on Basic Instruction Set

Simple Instructions to Move Data

Instructions with indirect addressing mode

Instructions for logical operations

Instructions for Shift operations

Arithmetic Instructions

Branch Instructions

Loop counters and Repeated instructions

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Multiplications

Multiplications with Accumulation

Using data stored in ROM

Bit Operations

Stack Operations

Sub Routine Calls

Assembly Language Programming

Simple ASM source code

Lab Experiments

Additional Instruction Set

EXP/NORM instructions

Application Specific Instructions

FIRS

POLY

LMS

Assembler Directives

Mixed C Programming

LAB Experiments

( C &Assembly Language Implementations)

Sum of Products

Linear Convolution

Circular Convolution

Complex Mathematics

Matrix manipulations

Sampling Theorem

Polynomial Evaluation

Lab Experiments (Non-Real Time)

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

IIR Filter Implementation

FIR Filter Implementation

Sym. FIR Implementation

Non-Real Time Waveform Generation

DFT

FFT

Interpolation Filter

Decimation Filter

Adaptive Filter

Delta Modulation

Adaptive Delta Modulation

Predictive Delta Implementation

Lab Experiments (Real Time)

Wave Form Generation

Multi Tone Generation and FIR Filtering

C54x interfacing with a CODEC

Audio Effects and Audio Filtering with FIR Filters

TMS320C55x Architecture

TMS320C55x CPU

Memory Interface Unit

Instruction Buffer Unit (I Unit)

Instruction Buffer Queue

Instruction Decoder

Program Flow Unit (P Unit)

Program-Address Generation and Program-Control Logic

P-Unit Registers

Address-Data Flow Unit (A Unit)

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Data Address Generation Unit

A-Unit Arithmetic Logic Unit

A-Unit Regitsers

Data Computation Unit (D Unit)

Shifter

D-Unit Arithmetic Logic Unit

Two Multiply and Accumulate Units

D-Unit Registers

TMS320C55x Buses

TMS320C55x Buses

TMS320C55x Memory Map

TMS320C55x Addressing Modes

Direct Addressing Mode

Indirect Addressing Mode

Absolute Addressing Mode

Memory-Mapped Register Addressing Mode

Register Bits Addressing Mode

Circular Addressing Mode

TMS320C55x Pipeline and Parallelism

TMS320C55x Pipeline Phases

Parallel Execution

Pipeline Protection

TMS320C55x Instruction Set

Arithemetic Instructions

Logic and Bits Manipulation Instructions

Move Instructions

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Program Flow Control Instructions

CPU Registers

Memory Registers

Accumulators

Transition Registers

Temporary Registers

Registers used to Address Data Space and I/O Space

Program Flow Registers

Registers for Managing Interrupts

Registers for Controlling Repeat Loops

Status Registers

Stack Operation

Interrupts and Reset Operations

Mixed C and Assembly Language Programming (Interfacing C

with assembly code)

Using TMS320C55x DSP Library

Lab Experiments

Quantization of sinusoidal and speech signals

Overflow and saturation arithmetic

Quantization of coefficients

Synthesizing Sine Functions

Twiddle factor Generation

Complex Data Operation

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Implementation of DFT

Experiment using Assembly Routines

Implementation of Block FIR filter

Implementation of Symmetric FIR filter

Implementation of FIR filter using Dual-MAC

Implementation of IIR filter using floating-point C, fixed-point C

using intrinsic functions and ASM programming.

Radix-2 Complex FFT (using C program)

Radix-2 Complex FFT using Assembly Language

FFT and IFFT

Fast Convolution

Real Time DSP implementation using C5515 eZdsp USB Stick

Interfacing with the on-board Audio Codec

Interfacing with the on-board LED

Interfacing with the on-board dip switches

Interfacing with the on-board NOR flash

Interfacing with the on-board SD card

I2S interface between C5515 DSP processor and Audio Codec

Waveform Generation

Multitone Generation and FIR Filtering

Audio Effects

o Echo and Reverberation

o Upsampling and Down Sampling

o Flanging

Audio Filtering with FIR filters (Equalizers)

Acostic Echo Cancellation

Architecture and Instruction Set of the C6x Processor

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Introduction

TMS320C6x Architecture

Functional Units

Fetch and Execute Packets

Pipelining

Registers

Linear and Circular Addressing Modes

TMS320C6x Instruction Set

o Assembly Code Format

o Types of Instructions

Assembler Directives

Linear Assembly

ASM Statement within C

C-Callable Assembly Function

Timers

Interrupts

o Interrupt Control Registers

o Interrupt Acknowledgement

Multichannel Buffered Serial Ports

Direct Memory Access

Memory Considerations

o Data Allocation

o Data Alignment

o Pragma Directives

o Memory Models

Fixed and Floating Point Format

o Data Types

o Floating point Format

o Division

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Code Improvement

o Intrinsic Functions

o Trip Directive for Loop Count

o Cross Paths

o Software pipelining

Constraints

o Memory constraints

o Cross-Path Constraints

o Load/store Constraints

o Pipelining Effects with More Than One EP within an FP

Code Optimization

DSP/BIOS and RTDX using MATLAB, Visual C++, Visual basic,

and Lab View.

Lab Experiments : (SIMPLE PROGRAMMING EXAMPLES USING C

and ASM CODES)

Sine generation using eight points with DIP switch control.

Generation of the sinusoid and plotting with CCS

Dot product of two arrays

Loop Program Using Interrupt

Loop Program Using Polling

Sine Generation Using Polling

Sine Generation with Two Sliders for Amplitude and Frequency

Control

Loop Program with Input Data Stored in Memory Buffer

Loop with Data in Buffer Printed to File

Square-Wave Generation Using Lookup Table

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Ramp Generation Using Lookup Table

Ramp Generation without a Lookup Table

Echo (echo)

Echo Using Two Interrupts with Control for Different Effects

Sine Generation with Table Values Generated within Program

Sine Generation with Table Created by MATLAB

Amplitude Modulation (AM)

Sweep Sinusoid Using Table with 8000 Points

Pseudorandom Noise Sequence Generation (noise_gen)

Efficient dot product

Sum of n + (n - 1) + (n - 2) + . . . + 1 Using C Calling Assembly

Function

Factorial of a number using C program calling ASM function.

Dot product using assembly program calling assembly function

Dot product using C function calling linear assembly function

Factorial using C calling linear assembly function

FIR filter implementation: Bandstop and Bandpass

Effects on Voice using Three FIR Lowpass Filters

Implementation of four different filters: LPF, HPF, BPF and BSF.

FIR implementation with pseudorandom noise sequence as input

to filter.

FIR filter with frequency response plot using CCS

FIR filter with internally generated pseudo random noise as input

to filter and output stored in memory.

Two notch filters to recover corrupted input voice

FIR implementation using four different methods

Voice scrambler using filtering and modulation

Illustration of Aliasing effects with downsampling

Implementation of an inverse FIR filter

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Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

FIR implementation using C calling ASM function

FIR implementation using C calling faster ASM function.

FIR implementation using C calling ASM function implementing

circular buffer.

FIR implementation using C calling ASM function implementing

circular buffer in external memory

IIR filter implementation using second order stages in cascade

Generation of two tones using two second order difference

equations

Sine generation using a Difference equation.

generation of a swept sinusoid using a difference equation

IIR inverse filter

DFT of a sequence of real numbers with output from CCS window

FFT of a real time input signal using an FFT function in C

FFT of a sinusoidal signal from a table using TI’s C callable FFT

function.

Fast convolution with overlap-add for FIR implementation using

TI’s floating point FFT functions

Graphic Equalizer

Adaptive Filter – C implementation

Adaptive filter for noise cancellation

Adaptive FIR filter for system ID of Fixed FIR

Adaptive FIR filter for system ID of Fixed FIR with weights of

adaptive filter initialized as FIR bandpass.

Adaptive FIR for system identification of fixed IIR.

Adaptive predictor for cancellation of narrowband interference

added to desired wideband signal.

Sum of products with word-wide data access for fixed point

implementation using C code

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UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Separate sum of products with C intrinsic functions using C code

Sum of products with word-wide data access for fixed point

implementation using linear ASM code

Sum of products with Double-Word load for floating point

implementation using linear ASM code

Dot product with no parallel instructions for fixed-point

implementation using ASM code.

Dot product with parallel instructions for Fixed-Point

implementation using ASM code.

Two Sums of Products with Word-Wide (32-bit) Data for Fixed-

Point Implementation Using ASM Code

Dot Product with No Parallel Instructions for Floating-Point

Implementation Using ASM Code

Dot Product with Parallel Instructions for Floating-Point

Implementation Using ASM Code

Two Sums of Products With Double-Word-Wide (64-bit) Data for

Floating-Point Implementation Using ASM Code

Dot Product Using Software Pipelining for a Fixed-Point

Implementation

Dot Product Using Software Pipelining for a Floating-Point

Implementation.

UNIT 3: Real Time Embedded System Development

using DSP

Real-Time Embedded Systems

Real-Time Systems

Hard Real-Time and Soft Real-Time Systems

DSP Systems as Hard Real-Time Systems

Real-Time Event Characteristics

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Efficient Execution of a Real-Time System

Challenges in Real-Time System Design

Response Time

Recovering From Failures

Distributed and Multiprocessor Architectures

Components and Characteristics of a typical Embedded System

Embedded System Development Life Cycle using DSP

Introduction to Embedded Systems

The Embedded System Life Cycle using DSP

Examining The Overall Needs of the System

Selecting the Hardware Components Required for the System

Hardware gates

Software Programmable

General Purpose Processors

Microcontrollers

FPGA Solutions

A General Signal Processing Solutions

DSP Accelaration Decisions

Understanding DSP Basics and Architectures

Models of DSP Processing

Input and Output Options

Calculating DSP Performance

DSP Software

DSP Frameworks

Optimizing DSP Implementation

What is Optimization

The Process

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Making the Common Case Fast

Make the Common Case Fast – DSP Architectures

Make the Common Case Fast – DSP Algorithms

Make the Common Case Fast – DSP Compilers

DSP Optimization Techniques

Direct Memory Access

Using DMA

Staging Data

Pending Vs Polling

Managing Internal Memory

Loop Unrolling

Filling The Execution Units

Reducing Loop Overhead

Fitting The Loop To Register Space

Trade-Off

Software Pipelining

An Example

A Serial Implementation

A Minimally Parallel Implementation

Compiler Generated Pipeline

An Implementation with Restrict Keyword

Enabling Software Pipelining

Interrupts and Pipelined Code

DSP Compilers and Optimization

Compiler Architecture and Flow

Compiler Optimizations

Instruction Selection

Latency and Instruction Scheduling

Register Allocation

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Compiler Time Options

Programmer Helping Out the Compiler

Intrinsic functions

Keywords

In-lining

Reducing Stack Access Time

Compilers Helping Out the Programmer

Summary of Coding Guidelines

Profile based Compilation

Advantages

Issues with Debugging Optimized Code

Summary of the Code Optimization Process

Power Optimization Techniques using DSP

Introduction

Power Optimization techniques in DSP Devices

Power Optimization for DSP Operating Systems

Power Optimization Techniques for DSP Applications

Using Idle Modes

Top Ten Power Optimizations

Power Optimization Life Cycle

Power Optimization Summary

Real Time Operating Systems for DSP

What makes OS as an RTOS?

Selecting an RTOS

DSP Specializations

Concepts of RTOS

Task-Based

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Multitasking

Rapid Response to Interrupts

RTOS Scheduling

Scheduler

The RTOS Kernel

System Calls

Dynamic Memory Allocations

Chip Support Software for DSP RTOS

DSP RTOS Application Example

Defining the Threads

Determining Relative Priority of Threads

Using Hardware Interrupts

Thread Period

DeadLock

Deadlock Prerequisites

Handling Deadlock

Shared Resource Integrity

Synchronizing Tasks for Mutual Exclusion

Mutual via Interrupt Control

Mutual Exclusion with a Simple Semaphore

Mutual Exclusion via Blocking Semaphores

Mutual Exclusion Through Sharable Resources

Circular Queue or Ring Buffer

Pseudocode for a Ring Buffer

Double Buffering

Basic Buffer Size Calculation

Data Pipes

Pseudocode for Telecommunications System Tasks

Other Kinds of Synchronization

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Task Synchronization (Rendezvous)

Conditional Synchronization

Schedulability and Response Times

Scheduling Policies in Real-Time Systems

Static Scheduling Policies

Dynamic Scheduling Policies

Scheduling Periodic tasks

Analyzing Scheduling Behavior in Preemptive Systems

Rate Monotonic Analysis

Calculating Worst-case Execution Time

Completion Time Theorem

Response Time Analysis

Interrupt Latency

Context Switch Overhead

Analyzing More Complex Systems

Deadline Monotonic Scheduling

Other Dynamic Scheduling Algorithms

Scheduling with Task Synchronization

Testing and Debugging DSP Systems

Debug Challenges for DSP

Introduction to JTAG

Emulation Basics

Emulation System Components

Emulator Physical Attributes

Emulator/Target Communication

On-Chip Emulation Capability

Emulation Capabilities

Breakpoints

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Event Detectors

Trace

Continuous Execution Visibility

Source Level Debugging

High-speed Data Collection and Visualization

Compiler and Linker Dependencies

Real-Time Embedded Software Testing Techniques

Task Synchronization and Interrupt Bugs

DSP Software Development

Overview

Challenges in DSP application Development

The DSP Design Process

Concept and Specification Phase

DSP Algorithms Standards and Guidelines

High-Level System Design and Performance Engineering

Software Development

System Build, Integration and Test

Factory and Field Test

Design Challenges for DSP Systems

High Level Design Tools for DSP

DSP Toolboxes

Host Development Tools for DSP Development

A generic Data Flow Example

Code Tuning and Optimization

Getting Started

Putting it all Together

Embedded DSP Software Design

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Multicore System-on-a-Chip

Software Architecture for SoC

SoC System Boot Sequence

Tools Support for SoC

A Video Processing Example of SoC

DSP BIOS

Real-Time System Concepts

Define the topology common to most DSP systems

List factors involved in design of a real-time system

Compare and contrast tradeoffs in R/T system design

Identify where various BIOS elements apply to DSP systems

Observe how BIOS can be used in systems from small to massive

BIOS configuration tools (GCONF, TCONF)

List the advantages and limitations of static systems

Demonstrate how to define target memory in CCS

Demonstrate routing S/W components into desired H/W memory

Describe the files created in a CCS project build

Observe the results of a built project

Describe how to optimally tune a static system

Describe the startup sequence of a BIOS based system

Lab adapt prior lab to use different linking options

Hardware Interrupts (HWI)

Describe the concepts of foreground / background processing

List details of the Idle (IDL) thread

Compare Hardware Interrupts (HWI) to ISR’s

Demonstrate how to invoke Interrupt Preemption

Describe the purpose of the Interrupt Monitor

Create an HWI object using CCS Gconf tool

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Add an idle thread to a given CCS project

Lab: Observe performance of HWI threads using CCS tools

Software Interrupts (SWI)

Describe the basic concepts of SWIs

Demonstrate how to post a SWI

Describe the SWI object

List several SWI posting options

Define the benefit of each SWI posting method

Lab: Add a SWI to an HWI-based system

Tasks and Semaphores (TSK, SEM)

Describe the fundamental concepts of tasks

Demonstrate the use of semaphores in tasks

Author TSK code using simple data block pointers

Create a TSK with the CCS GUI

Describe the TSK object

Explain the value of double buffers in DSP systems

Lab: Modify SWI based code to employ TSK

Multi-Threaded Systems (CLK, PRD)

Describe the way BIOS can implement a time base

Setup a time base via the BIOS CLK module

Describe the results of invoking various BIOS CLK API

Set functions to run at a periodic rate via the PRD module

Describe how to implement delayed ‘one-shot’ functions

Describe how the scheduler can be managed via BIOS API

List various BIOS scheduler management API

Lab: scheduler management API for system performance

Inter-Thread Communication (MSGQ ...)

Become familiar with signaling/data transfer methods in

DSP/BIOS:

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

ATM Atomic Fxns

SEM Semaphore

LCK Lock

MBX Mailbox

QUE Queue

SCOM Synchronized Comm

MSGQ Message Queue

Each API compared/contrasted to select optimal choice for a

need

BIOS Instrumentation (LOG, STS, SYS, TRC)

Demonstrate statistical data on variables without halting the DSP

Describe why printf() is unsuitable for real-time systems

Describe how LOG_printf() overcomes this problem

Demonstrate how to use LOG_printf() in debugging

Describe how to implement trace control

Demonstrate how to perform real-time graphing

Describe the various API for responding to system errors

Lab: Incorporate/ observe R/T instrumentation into lab solution

Dynamic Systems (MEM, BUF)

Contrast static and dynamic system coding benefits

Implement dynamic BIOS object creation and deletion

Contrast the BIOS MEM API to malloc and free

Contrast MEM API with BUF API

Lab: Modify the prior static solutions to employ dynamic methods

Input Output Mini-Drivers (IOM)

Describe the concepts of BIOS drivers

List the key MD API

List the basic activities in each MD function

Describe the support tools for writing IOMs

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Describe all components of an example IOM

DSP Algorithm Standard (XDAIS)

Describe the benefits of using XDAIS compliant algorithms

Describe how users control algorithm behavior

Describe how users control algorithm’s RAM and ROM usage

Describe how XDAIS algorithms support multiple instances

List the interface methods required in XDAIS algorithms

List the sequence of actions in using a XDAIS algorithm

Use Component Wizard to develop an XDAIS interface

Reference Frameworks (RF1, 3, 5, 6)

Describe the goals of reference frameworks

Identify which RF to select for a given system

Describe the basic topology and API included with each RF

UNIT 4: Data Compression

INTRODUCTION

Compression Techniques

Loseless Compression

Lossy Compression

Measures of Performance

Modeling and Coding

MATHEMATICAL PRELIMINARIES FOR LOSSLESS COMPRESSION

A Brief Introduction to Information Theory

Derivation of Average Information

Models

Physical Models

Probability Models

Markov Models

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Composite Source Models

Coding

Uniquely Decodable Codes

Prefix Codes

The Kraft-McMillan Inequality

Algorithmic Information Theory

Minimum Description Length Principle

HUFFMAN CODING

The Huffman Coding Algorithm

Minimum Variance Huffman Codes

Optimality of Huffman Codes

Length of Huffman Codes

Extended Huffman Codes

Nonbinary Huffman Codes

Adaptive Huffman Coding

Update Procedure

Encoding Procedure

Decoding Procedure

Golomb Codes

Rice Codes

CCSDS Recommendation for Lossless Compression

Tunstall Codes

Applications of Huffman Coding

Lossless Image Compression

Text Compression

Audio Compression

ARITHMETIC CODING

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Introduction

Coding a Sequence

Generating a Tag

Deciphering the Tag

Generating a Binary Code

Uniqueness and Efficiency of the Arithmetic Code

Algorithm Implementation

Integer Implementation

Comparison of Huffman and Arithmetic Coding

Adaptive Arithmetic Coding

Applications

DICTIONARY TECHNIQUES

Introduction

Static Dictionary

Digram Coding

Adaptive Dictionary

The LZ77 Approach

The LZ78 Approach

Applications

File Compression

Image Compression – The Graphics Interchange Format (GIF)

Image Compression – Portable Network Graphics (PNG)

Compression over Modems – V.42 bis

CONTEXT-BASED COMPRESSION

Introduction

Prediction with Partial Match (ppm)

The Basic Algorithm

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

The Escape Symbol

Length of Context

The Exclusion Principle

The Burrows-Wheeler Transform

Move-to-Front Coding

Associative Coder of Buyanovsky (ACB)

Dynamic Markov Compression

LOSSLESS IMAGE COMPRESSION

Introduction

The Old JPEG Standard

CALIC

JPEG-LS

Multiresolution Approaches

Progressive Image Transmission

Fascimile Encoding

Run-Length Coding

CCITT Group 3 and 4 – Recommendations T.4 and T.6

JBIG

JBIG2 – T.88

MRC – T.44

MATHEMATICAL PRELIMINARIES FOR LOSSY CODING

Introduction

Distortion Criteria

The Human Visual System

Auditory Perception

Information Theory Review

Conditional Entropy

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Average Mutual Information

Differential Entropy

Rate Distortion Theory

Models

Probability Models

Linear System Models

Physical Models

SCALAR QUANTIZATION

Introduction

The Quantization Problem

Uniform Quantizer

Adaptive Quantization

Forward Adaptive Quantization

Backward Adaptive Quantization

Nonuniform Quantization

pdf-Optimized Quantization

Companded Quantization

Entropy Coded Quantization

Entropy Coding of Lloyd-Max Quantizer Outputs

Entropy-Constrained Quantization

High-Rate Optimum Quantization

VECTOR QUANTIZATION

Introduction

Advantages of Vector Quantization over Scalar Quantization

The Linde-Buzo-Gray Algorithm

Initializing the LBG Algorithm

The Empty Cell Problem

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Use of LBG for Image Compression

Tree Structured Vector Quantizers

Design of Tree-Structured Vector Quantizers

Pruned Tree-Structured Vector Quantizers

Structured Vector Quantizers

Pyramid Vector Quantization

Polar and Spherical Vector Quantizers

Lattice Vector Quantizers

Variations on the Theme

Gain-Shape Vector Quantization

Mean-Removed Vector Quantization

Classified Vector Quantization

Multistage Vector Quantization

Adaptive Vector Quantization

Trellis-Coded Quantization

DIFFERENTIAL ENCODING

Introduction

The Basic Algorithm

Prediction in DPCM

Adaptive DPCM

Adaptive Quantization in DPCM

Adaptive Prediction in DPCM

Delta Modulation

Constant Factor Adaptive Delta Modulation

Continuously Variable Slope Delta Modulation

Speech Coding

G.726

Image Coding

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MATHEMATICAL PRELIMINARIES FOR TRANSFORMS, SUBBANDS

AND WAVELETS

Introduction

Vector Spaces

Dot or Inner Product

Vector Space

Subspace

Basis

Inner Product – Formal Definition

Orthogonal and Orthonormal Sets

Fourier Series

Fourier Transform

Parseval’s Theorem

Modulation Property

Convolution Theorem

Linear Systems

Time Invariance

Transfer Function

Impulse Response

Filter

Sampling

Ideal Sampling – Frequency Domain View

Ideal Sampling – Time Domain View

Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT)

Z – Transform

Tabular Method

Partial Fraction Expansion

Long Division

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Z-Transform Properties

Discrete Convolution

TRANSFORM CODING

Introduction

The Transform

Transforms of Interest

KL Transform

Discrete Cosine Transform

Discrete Sine Tranform

Discrete Walsh – Hadamard Transform

Quantization and Coding of Transform Coefficients

Applications to Image Compression – JPEG

The Transform

Quantization

Coding

Application to Audio Compression – the MDCT

SUBBAND CODING

Introduction

Filters

Some Filters Used in Subband Coding

The Basic Subband Coding Algorithm

Analysis

Quantization and Coding

Synthesis

Design of Filter Banks

Downsampling

Upsampling

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Perfect Reconstruction Using Two-Channel Filter Banks

Two-Channel PR Quadrature Mirror Filters

Power Symmetric FIR Filters

M-Band QMF Filter Banks

The Polyphase Decomposition

Bit Allocation

Application to Speech Coding – G.722

Application to Audio Coding – MPEG Audio

Application to Image Compression

Decomposing an Image

Coding the Sunbands

WAVELET BASED COMPRESSION

Introduction

Wavelets

Multiresolution Analysis and the Scaling Function

Implementation using Filters

Scaling and Wavelet Coefficients

Families of Wavlets

Image Compression

Embedded Zerotree Coder

Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees

JPEG 2000

AUDIO CODING

Introduction

Spectral Masking

Temporal Masking

Psychoacoustic Model

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MPEG Audio Coding

Layer I Coding

Layer II Coding

Layer III Coding – mp3

MPEG Advanced Audio Coding

MPEG-2 AAC

MPEG-4 AAC

Dolby AC3 (Dolby Digital)

Bit Allocation

Other Standards

ANALYSIS/SYNTHESIS AND ANALYSIS BY SYNTHESIS SCHEMES

Introduction

Speech Compression

The Channel Vocoder

The Linear Predictive Coder

Code Excited Linear Prediction

Sinusoidal Coders

Mixed Excitation Linear Prediction (MELP)

Wideband Speech Compression – ITU-T G.722.2

Image Compression

Fractal Compression

VIDEO COMPRESSION

Introduction

Motion Compensation

Video Signal Representation

ITU-T Recommendation H.261

Motion Compensation

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

The Loop Filter

The Transform

Quantization and Coding

Rate Control

Model-Based Coding

Asymmetric Applications

The MPEG-1 Video Standard

The MPEG-2 Video Standard – H.262

The Grand Alliance HDTV Proposal

ITU-T Recommendation H.263

Unrestricted Motion Vector Mode

Syntax-Based Arithmetic Coding Mode

Advanced Prediction Mode

PB-frames and Improved PB-frames Mode

Advanced Intra Coding Mode

Deblocking Filter Mode

Reference Picture Selection Mode

Temporal, SNR and Spatial Scalability Mode

Reference Picture Resampling

Reduced-Resolution Update Mode

Alternative Inter VLC Mode

Modified Quantization Mode

Enhanced Reference Picture Selection Mode

ITU-T Recommendation H.264, MPEG-4 Adavanced Video Coding

Motion Compensated Prediction

The Transform

Intra Prediction

Quantization

Coding

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MPEG – 4 part 2

Packet Video

ATM Networks

Compression Issues in ATM Networks

Compression Algorithms for Packet Video

UNIT 5: Image Processing (Fundamentals, advanced

Concepts)

Digital Image Representation

Coordinate Conventions

Images as Matrices

Reading Images

Displaying Images

Writing Images

Classes

Image Types

Gray-scale Images

Binary Images

A Note on Terminology

Converting between Classes

Array Indexing

Indexing Vectors

Indexing Matrices

Indexing with a Single Colon

Logical Indexing

Linear Indexing

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Selecting Array Dimensions

Sparse Matrices

Some Important Standard Arrays

Introduction to M-Function Programming

M-Files

Operators

Flow Control

Function Handles

Code Optimization

Interactive I/O

An Introduction to Cell Arrays and Structures

Intensity Transformations and Spatial Filtering

Intensity Transformation Functions

Functions imadjust and stretchlim

Logarithmic and Contrast-Stretching Transformations

Specifying Arbitrary Intensity Transformations

Some Utility M-functions for Intensity Transformations

Histogram Processing and Function Plotting

Generating and Plotting Image Histograms

Histogram Equalization

Histogram Matching (Specification)

Function adapthisteq

Spatial Filtering

Linear Spatial Filtering

Nonlinear Spatial Filtering

Image Processing Toolbox Standard Spatial Filters

Linear Spatial Filters

Nonlinear Spatial Filters

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Using Fuzzy Techniques for Intensity Transformations and

Spatial Filtering

Background

Introduction to Fuzzy Sets

Using Fuzzy Sets

A Set of Custom Fuzzy M-functions

Using Fuzzy Sets for Intensity Transformations

Using Fuzzy Sets for Spatial Filtering

Filtering in the Frequency Domain

The 2-D Discrete Fourier Transform

Computing and Visualizing the 2-D DFT in MATLAB

Filtering in the Frequency Domain

Fundamentals 173

Basic Steps in DFT Filtering

An M-function for Filtering in the Frequency Domain

Obtaining Frequency Domain Filters from Spatial Filters

Generating Filters Directly in the Frequency Domain

Creating Meshgrid Arrays for Use in Implementing Filters in the

Frequency Domain

Lowpass (Smoothing) Frequency Domain Filters

Wireframe and Surface Plotting

Highpass (Sharpening) Frequency Domain Filters

A Function for Highpass Filtering

High-Frequency Emphasis Filtering

Selective Filtering

Bandreject and Bandpass Filters

Notchreject and Notchpass Filters

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Image Restoration and Reconstruction

A Model of the Image Degradation/Restoration Process

Noise Models

Adding Noise to Images with Function imnoise()

Generating Spatial Random Noise with a Specified Distribution

Periodic Noise

Estimating Noise Parameters

Restoration in the Presence of Noise Only—Spatial Filtering

Spatial Noise Filters

Adaptive Spatial Filters

Periodic Noise Reduction Using Frequency Domain Filtering

Modeling the Degradation Function

Direct Inverse Filtering

Wiener Filtering

Constrained Least Squares (Regularized) Filtering

Iterative Nonlinear Restoration Using the Lucy-Richardson

Algorithm

Blind Deconvolution

Image Reconstruction from Projections

Background

Parallel-Beam Projections and the Radon Transform

The Fourier Slice Theorem and Filtered Backprojections

Filter Implementation

Reconstruction Using Fan-Beam Filtered Backprojections

Function radon()

Function iradon()

Working with Fan-Beam Data

Geometric Transformations and Image Registration

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Transforming Points

Affine Transformations

Projective Transformations

Applying Geometric Transformations to Images

Image Coordinate Systems in MATLAB

o Output Image Location

o Controlling the Output Grid

Image Interpolation

o Interpolation in Two Dimensions

o Comparing Interpolation Methods

Image Registration

o Registration Process

o Manual Feature Selection and Matching Using cpselect

o Inferring Transformation Parameters Using cp2tform

o Visualizing Aligned Images

o Area-Based Registration

o Automatic Feature-Based Registration

Color Image Processing

Color Image Representation in MATLAB

RGB Images

Indexed Images

Functions for Manipulating RGB and Indexed Images

Converting Between Color Spaces

NTSC Color Space

The YCbCr Color Space

The HSV Color Space

The CMY and CMYK Color Spaces

The HSI Color Space

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Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Device-Independent Color Spaces

The Basics of Color Image Processing

Color Transformations

Spatial Filtering of Color Images

Color Image Smoothing

Color Image Sharpening

Working Directly in RGB Vector Space

Color Edge Detection Using the Gradient

Image Segmentation in RGB Vector Space

Wavelets

The Fast Wavelet Transform

FWTs Using the Wavelet Toolbox

FWTs without the Wavelet Toolbox

Working with Wavelet Decomposition Structures

Editing Wavelet Decomposition Coefficients without the Wavelet

Toolbox

Displaying Wavelet Decomposition Coefficients

The Inverse Fast Wavelet Transform

Wavelets in Image Processing

Image Compression

Coding Redundancy

Huffman Codes

Huffman Encoding

Huffman Decoding

Spatial Redundancy

Irrelevant Information

JPEG Compression

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JPEG

JPEG 2000

Video Compression

MATLAB Image Sequences and Movies

Temporal Redundancy and Motion Compensation

Morphological Image Processing

Some Basic Concepts from Set Theory

Binary Images, Sets, and Logical Operators

Dilation and Erosion

Dilation

Structuring Element Decomposition

The strel Function

Erosion

Combining Dilation and Erosion

Opening and Closing

The Hit-or-Miss Transformation

Using Lookup Tables

Function bwmorph

Labeling Connected Components

Morphological Reconstruction

Opening by Reconstruction

Filling Holes

Clearing Border Objects

Gray-Scale Morphology

Dilation and Erosion

Opening and Closing

Reconstruction

Trainer: Madhusudhana Rao.D© Copyright 2008 UG Consultants. All right reserved Mail ID: [email protected] Contact num: +91-9945219287

Page 54: DSP Certfication Program Course Contents

UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Image Segmentation

Point, Line, and Edge Detection

Point Detection

Line Detection

Edge Detection Using Function edge

Line Detection Using the Hough Transform

Background

Toolbox Hough Functions

Thresholding

Foundation

Basic Global Thresholding

Optimum Global Thresholding Using Otsu's Method

Using Image Smoothing to Improve Global Thresholding

Using Edges to Improve Global Thresholding

Variable Thresholding Based on Local Statistics

Image Thresholding Using Moving Averages

Region-Based Segmentation

Basic Formulation

Region Growing

Region Splitting and Merging

Segmentation Using the Watershed Transform

Watershed Segmentation Using the Distance Transform

Watershed Segmentation Using Gradients

Marker-Controlled Watershed Segmentation

Representation and Description

Functions for Extracting Regions and Their Boundaries

Some Additional MATLAB and Toolbox Functions

Some Basic Utility M-Functions

Trainer: Madhusudhana Rao.D© Copyright 2008 UG Consultants. All right reserved Mail ID: [email protected] Contact num: +91-9945219287

Page 55: DSP Certfication Program Course Contents

UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Representation

Chain Codes

Polygonal Approximations Using Minimum-Perimeter Polygons

Signatures

Boundary Segments

Skeletons

Boundary Descriptors

Some Simple Descriptors

Shape Numbers

Fourier Descriptors

Statistical Moments

Corners

Regional Descriptors

Function regionprops()

Texture

Moment Invariants

Using Principal Components for Description

Object Recognition

Computing Distance Measures in MATLAB

Recognition Based on Decision-Theoretic Methods

Forming Pattern Vectors

Pattern Matching Using Minimum-Distance Classifiers

Matching by Correlation

Optimum Statistical Classifiers

Adaptive Learning Systems

Structural Recognition

Working with Strings in MATLAB

String Matching

Trainer: Madhusudhana Rao.D© Copyright 2008 UG Consultants. All right reserved Mail ID: [email protected] Contact num: +91-9945219287

Page 56: DSP Certfication Program Course Contents

UG CONSULTANTS

Integrated DSP Certification Course Contents

Concepts, Design and Real Time System Development

Trainer: Madhusudhana Rao.D© Copyright 2008 UG Consultants. All right reserved Mail ID: [email protected] Contact num: +91-9945219287