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Interpretatio graeca 1

Interpretatio graeca

The goddess Isis (seated right) welcoming the Greek heroine Io into

Egypt, as depicted in a Roman wall painting from Pompeii

Interpretatio graeca (Latin, "Greek translation" or

"interpretation by means of Greek [models]") is a

discourse[1] in which ancient Greek religious

concepts and practices, deities, and myths are used

to interpret or attempt to understand the mythology

and religion of other cultures. It is thus a

comparative methodology that looks for

equivalencies and shared characteristics. The

phrase may describe Greek efforts to explain

others' beliefs and myths, as when Herodotus

describes Egyptian religion in terms of perceived

Greek analogues, or when Dionysius of

Halicarnassus and Plutarch document Roman cults,

temples, and practices under the names of

equivalent Greek deities.Interpretatio graeca may

also describe non-Greeks' interpretation of their

own belief systems by comparison or assimilation

with Greek models, as when Romans adapt Greek myths and iconography under the names of their own gods.

Interpretatio romana is comparative discourse in reference to ancient Roman religion and myth, as in the formation

of a distinctive Gallo-Roman religion. Both the Romans and the Gauls reinterpreted Gallic religious traditions in

relation to Roman models, particularly Imperial cult.

Jan Assmann considers the polytheistic approach to internationalizing gods as a form of "intercultural translation":

The great achievement of polytheism is the articulation of a common semantic universe. The meaning

of a deity is his or her specific character as it unfolded in myths, hymns, rites, and so on. This character

makes a deity comparable to other deities with similar traits. The similarity of gods makes their names

mutually translatable. The practice of translating the names of the gods created a concept of

similarity and produced the idea or conviction that the gods are international.[2]

Pliny the Elder expressed the "translatability" of deities as "different names to different peoples" (nomina alia aliis

gentibus).[3] This capacity made possible the religious syncretism of the Hellenistic era and the pre-Christian Roman

Empire.

Examples

Herodotus was one of the earliest authors to engage in this form of interpretation. In his observations regarding the

Egyptians, he establishes Greco-Egyptian equivalents that endured into the Hellenistic era, including Amon/Zeus,

Osiris/Dionysus, and Ptah/Hephaestus.

Some pairs of Greek and Roman gods, such as Zeus and Jupiter, are thought to derive from a common

Indo-European archetype (Dyeus as the supreme sky god), and thus exhibit shared functions by nature. Others

required more expansive theological and poetic efforts: though both Ares and Mars are war gods, Ares was a

relatively minor figure in Greek religious practice and deprecated by the poets, while Mars was a father of the

Roman people and a central figure of archaic Roman religion.

Some deities dating to Rome's oldest religious stratum, such as Janus and Terminus, had no Greek equivalent. OtherGreek divine figures, most notably Apollo, were adopted directly into Roman culture, but underwent a distinctly

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apollohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Terminus_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janus_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mars_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Areshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dyeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proto-Indo-European_religionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jupiter_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hephaestushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ptahhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dionysushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Osirishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zeushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hellenistic_erahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_Empirehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hellenistic_religionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Syncretismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pliny_the_Elderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Polytheismhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jan_Assmannhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Imperial_cult_%28ancient_Rome%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gallo-Roman_religionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_ancient_Romehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ancient_Romanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Roman_templehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glossary_of_ancient_Roman_religion%23cultushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plutarchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dionysius_of_Halicarnassushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ancient_Egyptian_religionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herodotushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comparative_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Comparative_religionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Greek_mythologyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Greek_mythological_figureshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_ancient_Greecehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_ancient_Greecehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Discoursehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Latinhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3APompeii_-_Temple_of_Isis_-_Io_and_Isis_-_MAN.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pompeiihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Io_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Greek_herohttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Isis

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Interpretatio graeca 3

Greco-Roman equivalents

The following is a list of Greek, Roman, and Etruscan equivalents, based on usage among the ancients themselves,

supported by the analyses of modern scholars. "Equivalent" should not be taken to mean "the same god". For

instance, when the myths or even cult practices of a particular Roman deity were influenced by the Greek or

Etruscan tradition, the deity may have had an independent origin and a tradition that is culturally distinctive.

Greek Greek

(Romanized)

Roman Roman

(Anglicized)

Etruscan Functions

Adonis Atunis lord, master, or patron

Amphitrite Salacia The third surrounding [the sea][12]

Ananke Necessitas force, constraint, necessity

Anemoi Venti Winds

Aphrodite Venus Turan love or sexual desire

(Apolln) / (Phoibos)

Apollo /

Phoebus

Apollo /

Phoebus

Aplu Phoebus means shining one

Ares Mars Maris war

Artemis Diana ' Artume Heavenly orDivine; 'hunting, the hunt

(Asklpios)

Asclepius Aesculapius /

Vejovis

Athena / Athene Minerva Menrva the goddess of war, civilization, wisdom, strength, strategy,

crafts, justice and skill in Greek mythology

Atropos Morta Leinth without turn;Death

Boreas Aquilo /

Aquilon

Andas North WindorDevouring One

(Kharites)

Charites Gratiae Graces

(Kharn) Charon Charon Charun fierce brightness

(Khlris) Chloris Flora Chloris means greenish-yellow,pale green,pale,pallidor

fresh. Flora means "flower."

(Klth) Clotho Nona Spin or Twiddle

(Kronos) Cronus Saturnus Saturn God of agriculture and harvest

(Kubel) Cybele Magna Mater Great Mother

Demeter Ceres Cels Earth Mother

(Dionusos) /

(Bakkhos)

Dionysus /

Bacchus

Liber / Bacchus Fufluns

Enyo Bellona Warlike

Eos Aurora / Matuta Thesan Dawn

Erinyes Dirae / Furiae Furies Furies

Eris Discordia Strife

Eros Cupido / Amor Cupid love

(Euros) Eurus Vulturnus

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anemoi%23East_windhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cupidhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eros_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eris_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Erinyeshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thesanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aurora_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eoshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Enyohttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fuflunshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Liberhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dionysushttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ceres_%28Roman_mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Demeterhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Magna_Mater_deorum_Idaeahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cybelehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harvesthttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Agriculturehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saturn_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cronushttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clothohttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flora_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chlorishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charon_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Chariteshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anemoi%23North_windhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leinthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Morta_%28deity%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Atroposhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Menrvahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Minervahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Athenahttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vejovishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Asclepiushttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Artumehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Diana_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Artemishttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maris_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mars_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Areshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phoebushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Apollohttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turan_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Venus_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aphroditehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anemoihttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ananke_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Amphitritehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Adonishttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=-el:%CE%86%CE%B4%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%B9%CF%82

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Interpretatio graeca 4

Gaia / Gaea Terra / Tellus Cel mother earth

Galanthis /

Galinthias

Galinthis Weasel

(Hads) /

(Plouton)

Hades / Pluto Dis Pater /

Pluto / Orcus

Aita The Unseen; Wealth

Hebe Iuventas Juventas

(Hekat) Hecate Trivia she who has power far off[13]

Helios Sol Aplu Sun

(Hphaistos)

Hephaestus Vulcanus Vulcan Sethlans metalwork, forges

Hera Iuno Juno Uni marriage, family

(Hrakls)

Heracles Hercules Hercle Glory of Hera

Hermes Mercurius Mercury Turms Mercurius related to Latin merx (merchandise), mercari (totrade), and merces (wages); Mercury was among other

attributes the patron of commerce

(Hesperos)

Hesperus Vesper evening, supper, evening star, west[14]

Hestia Vesta hearth,fireplace

Hygeia Salus Health

Hypnos Somnus Sleep

(Eirn) Irene Pax Peace

Ianus Janus Ani Archway, indecision

(Lakhesis)

Lachesis Decima Disposer of Lots, luck

Leto Latona

(Moirai) Moirai / Moerae Parcae / Fatae Fates Apportioners

(Mousai) Musae Camenae Muses

Nike Victoria Victory

(Notos) Notus Auster

(Nuks) Nyx Nox Night

Odysseus Ulixes / Ulysses Uthuze

(Palaimn)

Palaemon Portunes

Pan Faunus nature, the wild

Silvanus Selvans of the woods

Persephone Proserpina Proserpine to emerge

Pheme Fama Fame/Rumor

(Phsphoros)

Phosphorus Lucifer Light Bearer

Poseidon Neptune Nethuns sea, water, horses

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nethunshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Neptune_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Poseidonhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phosphorus_%28morning_star%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Phemehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Proserpinahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Persephonehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Selvanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Silvanus_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faunushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pan_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Portuneshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Palaemonhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Odysseushttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nyx_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anemoi%23South_windhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Victoria_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nike_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Musehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Camenaehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Moiraihttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Letohttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lachesis_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ani_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Janus_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pax_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Horae%23Second_generationhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hypnoshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hygeiahttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vesta_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hestiahttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hesperushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hesperushttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Turmshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mercury_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hermeshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herclehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herculeshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Heracleshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uni_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Juno_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Herahttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sethlanshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vulcan_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hephaestushttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hurrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sol_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Helioshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Trivia_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hecatehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hebe_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Aitahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orcus_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dis_Paterhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pluto_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hadeshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Galanthishttp://localho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Interpretatio graeca 5

(Priapos)

Priapus Mutinus

Mutunus

Rhea Magna Mater /

Ops

(See Cybele,

above)

(Saturoi) /

Satyrs/ Panes

(See Pan,

above)

Fauni Fauns

Selene Luna Moon

Semele Stimula Semla

Thanatos Mors Leinth,

Charun

Death

Themis Iustitia Justice law of nature

(Tukhe) Tyche Fortuna Fortune Nortia Luck;Fortune

(Ouranos)

Uranus Caelus Sky

Vertumnus Voltumna

(Zephuros)

Zephyrus /

Zephyr

Favonius the West Wind;Favorable

Zeus Iuppiter / Iovis Jupiter / Jove Tinia Sky Father

In art

Examples of deities depicted in syncretic compositions by means ofinterpretatio graeca or romana:

Jupiter Ammon (terracotta of

Hellenistic style, 1st century AD)

Syncretized figure

from the Eastern

provinces, perhaps a

Genius (1st century

BC1st century AD)

Isis holding sistrum

and oinochoe

(Roman marble,

reign of Hadrian)

Isis, Serapis, the

child Harpocrates

and Dionysos

(relief from Roman

Africa, late 2nd

century AD)

http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AIsis_Sarapis_Harpocrates_Dionysos_Louvre_Ma3128.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Africa_provincehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Africa_provincehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harpocrateshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AIsis_Musei_Capitolini_MC744.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hadrianhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Oinochoehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sistrumhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3ARoman_-_Deity_or_Genius_of_the_Eastern_Provinces_-_Walters_541330.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Genius_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AMuseo_Barracco_-_Giove_Ammone_1010637.JPGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tiniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jupiter_%28god%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zeushttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zephyrushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Anemoi%23West_windhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Voltumnahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vertumnushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Caelushttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Uranus_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nortiahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fortuna_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tychehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lady_Justicehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Themishttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Charunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Leinthhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mors_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Thanatoshttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semla_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Semelehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luna_%28goddess%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Selenehttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Faunhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pane_%28mythology%29http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Satyrhttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Opshttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Magna_Mater_deorum_Idaeahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhea_%28mythology%29http://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Priapushttp://localhost/var/www/apps/conversion/tmp/scratch_10/%EE%BF%80

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Interpretatio graeca 6

Worshipper before

Zeus-Serapis-Ohrmazd (Bactria,

3rd century AD)

Notes

[1] Characterized as "discourse" by Mark S. Smith, God in Translation: Deities in Cross-Cultural Discourse in the Biblical World(Wm. B.

Eerdmans, 2008, 2010), p. 246.[2] Moses the Egyptian: The Memory of Egypt in Western Monotheism (Harvard University Press, 1997), pp. 4454 (quotation p. 45), as cited by

Smith, God in Translation, p. 39.

[3] Pliny,Natural History 2.5.15.

[4] Tacitus, Germania 43. (http://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Germania#43)

[5][5] Praesidet sacerdos muliebri ornatu, sed deos interpretatione romana Castorem Pollucemque memorant."

[6] Tacitus, Germania 9. (http://la.wikisource. org/wiki/Germania#9)

[7] Robert Leo Odom, Sunday in Roman Paganism (TEACH 2003 ISBN 978-1-57258242-2), pp. 251-252 (http://books. google. com/

books?id=4rezhDpcWwkC&pg=PA251&lpg=PA251&dq=Tacitus+ Germania+ "special+worship+to+Mercury"&source=bl&

ots=pTPz2MYYn2&sig=iUswD2chmyXrANmT_iJAlgkba1Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=j_l2UITIOoKQhQeUkoCQDA&sqi=2&

redir_esc=y#v=onepage& q=Tacitus Germania "special worship to Mercury"&f=false)

[8] John T. Koch, "Interpretatio romana," in Celtic Culture: A Historical Encyclopedia (ABC-Clio, 2006), p. 974.

[9] Koch, "Interpretatio romana," in Celtic Culture, pp. 974

975; Assmann,Moses the Egyptian, p. 45.[10] In other contexts, Thor is more often identified by means ofinterpretatio romana with Hercules.

[11][11] Simek (2007:74).

[12] Robert Graves, The Greek Myths 1960.

[13] http://www.perseus.tufts. edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04. 0057%3Aentry%3D%2331691& redirect=true

[14][14] Collins Latin Dictionary plus Grammar, p. 231. ISBN 0-06-053690-X)

References

Simek, Rudolf (2007) translated by Angela Hall.Dictionary of Northern Mythology. D.S. Brewer. ISBN

0-85991-513-1

External links

Essay on interpretatio romana (http://www.maryjones.us/jce/interpretatio.html)

http://www.maryjones.us/jce/interpretatio.htmlhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Boydell_%26_Brewerhttp://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0057%3Aentry%3D%2331691&redirect=truehttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert_Graveshttp://books.google.com/books?id=4rezhDpcWwkC&pg=PA251&lpg=PA251&dq=Tacitus+Germania+%22special+worship+to+Mercury%22&source=bl&ots=pTPz2MYYn2&sig=iUswD2chmyXrANmT_iJAlgkba1Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=j_l2UITIOoKQhQeUkoCQDA&sqi=2&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Tacitus%20Germania%20%22special%20worship%20to%20Mercury%22&f=falsehttp://books.google.com/books?id=4rezhDpcWwkC&pg=PA251&lpg=PA251&dq=Tacitus+Germania+%22special+worship+to+Mercury%22&source=bl&ots=pTPz2MYYn2&sig=iUswD2chmyXrANmT_iJAlgkba1Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=j_l2UITIOoKQhQeUkoCQDA&sqi=2&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Tacitus%20Germania%20%22special%20worship%20to%20Mercury%22&f=falsehttp://books.google.com/books?id=4rezhDpcWwkC&pg=PA251&lpg=PA251&dq=Tacitus+Germania+%22special+worship+to+Mercury%22&source=bl&ots=pTPz2MYYn2&sig=iUswD2chmyXrANmT_iJAlgkba1Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=j_l2UITIOoKQhQeUkoCQDA&sqi=2&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Tacitus%20Germania%20%22special%20worship%20to%20Mercury%22&f=falsehttp://books.google.com/books?id=4rezhDpcWwkC&pg=PA251&lpg=PA251&dq=Tacitus+Germania+%22special+worship+to+Mercury%22&source=bl&ots=pTPz2MYYn2&sig=iUswD2chmyXrANmT_iJAlgkba1Y&hl=en&sa=X&ei=j_l2UITIOoKQhQeUkoCQDA&sqi=2&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=Tacitus%20Germania%20%22special%20worship%20to%20Mercury%22&f=falsehttp://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Germania#9http://la.wikisource.org/wiki/Germania#43http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pliny_the_Elderhttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File%3AZeusSerapisOhrmazdWithWorshipperBactria3rdCenturyCE.jpghttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ohrmazd

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Article Sources and Contributors 7

Article Sources and ContributorsInterpretatio graeca Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?oldid=526923477 Contributors: Adaj, Aranel, Arthena, Bacchiad, BirgitteSB, Bloodofox, CalicoCatLover, Chovin, Chris

Weimer, Cilmeron, Cybercobra, Cynwolfe, Danozz, David Gerard, Davidiad, Dbachmann, Deor, E. Underwood, Error, Esoglou, FinnWiki, Gabriel Kielland, Glengordon01, Haploidavey,

Haukurth, Hipsit18, Ijil RHG, JaGa, Jarble, Jonas kork, Jyril, Kaktus999, Khajidha, Kibi78704, Kintetsubuffalo, Knepflerle, Kuralyov, Lord Hidelan, Macedonian, Mirv, Monfornot, N3philim,

NTK, Nagelfar, Neddyseagoon, Philosopher, Pmanderson, Porsche997SBS, Pyrate1700, Ragnii, Robrarme, Rogermw, Rudimae, Silence, Simon Peter Hughes, Solicitr, Sowlos, The Man in

Question, Waldir, Wannabekiller, Wetman, Wighson, 36 anonymous edits

Image Sources, Licenses and ContributorsFile:Pompeii - Temple of Isis - Io and Isis - MAN.jpg Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=File:Pompeii_-_Temple_of_Isis_-_Io_and_Isis_-_MAN.jpg License: Public Domain

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