Drug NameDosageTherapeutic ActionIndicationContraindicationAdverse EffectNursing Consideration

Paracetamol

BRAND NAME(S):Panadol,Tylenol

Per Orem: 325-650mg q4h up to a maximum of 1 gram q6h.

1. Decreases fever by a hypothalamic effect leading to sweating and vasodilation2. Inhibits pyrogen effect on the hypothalamic-heat-regulating centers3. Inhibits CNS prostaglandin synthesis with minimal effects on peripheral prostaglandin synthesis4. Does not cause ulceration of the GI tract and causes no anticoagulant action.

1. Control of pain due to headache, earache, dysmenorrhea, arthralgia, myalgia, musculoskeletal pain, arthritis, immunizations, teething, tonsillectomy2. O reduce fever in viral and bacterial infections3. As a substitute for aspirin in upper GI disease, bleeding disorders clients in anti

1. Renal Insufficiency2. Anemia

1. Minimal GI upset.2. Methemoglobinemia3. Hemolytic Anemia4. Neutropenia5. Thrombocytopenia6. Pancytopenia7. Leukopenia8. Urticaria9. CNS stimulation10. Hypoglycemic coma11. Jaundice12. Glissitis13. Drowsiness14. Liver Damage

1. Do not exceed 4gm/24hr. in adults and 75mg/kg/day in children.2. Do not take for >5days for pain in children, 10 days for pain in adults, or more than 3 days for fever in adults.3. Extended-Release tablets are not to be chewed.4. Monitor CBC, liver and renal functions.5. Assess for fecal occult blood and nephritis.6. Avoid using OTC drugs with Acetaminophen.7. Take with food or milk to minimize GI upset.8. Report N&V. cyanosis, shortness of breath and abdominal pain as these are signs of toxicity.9. Report paleness, weakness and heart beat skips10. Report abdominal pain, jaundice, dark urine, itchiness or clay-colored stools.11. Phenmacetin may cause urine to become dark brown or wine-colored.12. Report pain that persists for more than 3-5 days13. Avoid alcohol.14. This drug is not for regular use with any form of liver disease.

Drug NameDosageTherapeutic ActionIndicationContraindicationAdverse EffectNursing Consideration

Tramadol

analgesic325 mg q8 PRNBinds to mu-opiod receptors and inhibits the reuptake of nonepinephrine and serotonin; causes many effects similar to opiods.Relief of moderate to moderately severe pain.

Relief of moderate to severe chronic pain in adults.Contraindicated with allergy to tramadol or opioids or psychoactive drugs.

Sedation Dizziness Vertigo Headache Hypotension Tachycardia SweatingNausea and vomitingControl environment (temperature, lighting)

Drug NameDosageTherapeutic ActionIndicationContraindicationAdverse EffectNursing Consideration

Levofloxacin500mg per tablet ODLevofloxacin is an antibiotic that is used for treating bacterial infections. Many common infections in humans are caused by bacteria. Bacteria can grow and multiply, infecting different parts of the body. Drugs that control and eradicate these bacteria are called antibiotics. Levofloxacin is an antibiotic that stops multiplication of bacteria by preventing the reproduction and repair of their genetic material, DNA. It is in a class of antibiotics called fluoroquinolones, a class that includesciprofloxacin(Cipro), norfloxacin (Noroxin),ofloxacin(Floxin), trovafloxacin (Trovan), and lomefloxacin (Maxaquin).

To reduce the development of drug-resistant bacteria and maintain the effectiveness of Levofloxacin and other antibacterial drugs, Levofloxacin should be used only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. When culture and susceptibility information are available, they should be considered in selecting or modifying antibacterial therapy. In the absence of such data, local epidemiology and susceptibility patterns may contribute to the empiric selection of therapy.is contraindicated in persons with known hypersensitivity to levofloxacin, or other quinolone antibacterials

The most frequently reported side events of levofloxacin arenauseaorvomiting, diarrhea,headache, andconstipation. Less common side effects include difficulty sleeping,dizziness,abdominal pain,rash,abdominal gas, anditching. Learn important indications for discontinuing drug and immediately notifying physician. Consume fluids liberally while taking levofloxacin. Allow a minimum of 2 h between drug dosage and taking any of the following: Aluminum or magnesium antacids, iron supplements, multivitamins with zinc, or sucralfate. Avoid exposure to excess sunlight or artificial UV light. Avoid NSAIDs while taking levofloxacin, if possible. Do not breast feed while taking this drug.

Drug NameDosageTherapeutic ActionIndicationContraindicationAdverse EffectNursing Consideration

Omeprazole600 mg per tablet glass of H2OOmeprazole is in a class of drugs called proton pump inhibitors (PPI) that block the production of acid by the stomach. Other drugs in the class includelansoprazole(Prevacid),rabeprazole(Aciphex),pantoprazole(Protonix), andesomeprazole(Nexium). Proton pump inhibitors are used for the treatment of conditions such as ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and theZollinger-Ellison syndrome, which are all caused by stomach acid. Omeprazole, like otherproton-pump inhibitors, blocks the enzyme in the wall of the stomach that produces acid. By blocking the enzyme, the production of acid is decreased, and this allows the stomach and esophagus to heal. Zegerid contains omeprazole and an antacid (sodium bicarbonate).Short-term treatment of active duodenal ulcerFirst-line therapy in treatment of heartburn or symptoms of GERDShort-term treatment of active benign gastric ulcerGERD, severe erosive esophagitis, poorly responsive symptomatic GERDLong-term therapy: Treatment of pathologic hypersecretory conditions (Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, multiple adenomas, systemicmastocytosis)Eradication ofH. pyloriwith amoxicillin ormetronidazoleandclarithromycinPrilosec OTC:Treatment of frequent heartburn (2 or more days per week)Unlabeled use: Posterior laryngitis; enhance efficacy ofpancreatinfor the treatment ofsteatorrheain cystic fibrosis

Contraindicated withhypersensitivity toomeprazoleor its components.Use cautiously with pregnancy, lactation.

Omeprazole like other PPIs is well-tolerated. The most common side effects arediarrhea,nausea,vomiting,headaches,rashanddizziness. Nervousness, abnormal heartbeat,muscle pain,weakness, leg cramps, and water retention occur infrequently.History:Hypersensitivity toomeprazoleor any of its components; pregnancy, lactationPhysical:Skin lesions; T; reflexes, affect; urinary output, abdominal examination; respiratory auscultationInterventionsAdminister before meals. Caution patient to swallow capsules wholenot to open, chew, or crush them. If using oral suspension, empty packet into a small cup containing 2 tbsp of water. Stir and have patient drink immediately; fill cup with water and have patient drink this water. Do not use any other diluent.WARNING:Arrange for further evaluation of patient after 8 wk of therapy forgastrorefluxdisorders; not intended for maintenance therapy. Symptomatic improvement does not rule out gastric cancer, which did occur in preclinical studies.Administer antacids withomeprazole, if needed.Teaching pointsTake the drug before meals. Swallow the capsules whole; do not chew, open, or crush them. If using the oral suspension, empty packet into a small cup containing 2 tbsp of water. Stir and drink immediately; fill cup with water and drink this water. Do not use any other liquid or food to dissolve the packet. This drug will need to be taken for up to 8 wk (short-term therapy) or for a prolonged period (> 5 yr in some cases).Have regular medical follow-up visits.You may experience these side effects: Dizziness (avoid driving or performing hazardous tasks); headache (request medications); nausea, vomiting, diarrhea (maintain proper nutrition); symptoms of URI, cough (do not self-medicate; consult with your health care provider if uncomfortable).Report severe headache, worsening of symptoms, fever, chills.

Drug NameDosageTherapeutic ActionIndicationContraindicationAdverse EffectNursing Consideration

Silver Sulfadiazine The burn wounds are then cleansed and debrided, and SILVADENE Cream 1% (silver sulfadiazine) is applied under sterile conditions. The burn areas should be covered with SILVADENE Cream 1% at all times. The cream should be applied once to twice daily to a thickness of approximately 1/16 inch.Bactericidal for many gram-positive and gram-negative organisms. Mechanism of action differs from that of silver nitrate or sodium sulfadiazine. Acts only on the cell membrane and cell wall.

Thismedicationis used with other treatments to help prevent and treat wound infections in patients with serious burns.Silver sulfadiazineworks by stopping the growth of bacteria that may infect an open wound. This helps to decrease the risk of the bacteria spreading to surrounding skin, or to the blood where it can cause a serious blood infection (sepsis). Silversulfadiazinebelongs to a class of drugs known as sulfa antibiotics.SILVADENE Cream 1% (silver sulfadiazine) is contraindicated in patients who are hypersensitive to silver sulfadiazine or any of the other ingredients in the preparationPain, burning, oritchingof the treated skin may occur. Skin and mucous membranes (such as the gums) may become blue/gray in color. If any of these effects persist or worsen, tell your doctor or pharmacist promptly. Complete blood counts (CBCs) (may be required prior to and weekly during treatment to detect blood dyscrasias in patients with extensive burns; therapy should be discontinued if a significant decrease in the count of any formed blood elements occurs Serum sulfadiazine concentrations (may be required periodically during treatment in patients with extensive burns since serum sulfadiazine concentrations may approach adult therapeutic concentrations) Urinalyses (may be required prior to and periodically during treatment to detect crystalluria and/or urinary calculi formation in patients on long-term or high-dose therapy and in patients with impaired renal function

Drug NameDosageTherapeutic ActionIndicationContraindicationAdverse EffectNursing Consideration

Hydrocortisone100mg TIV Q8Hydrocortisone sodium succinate has the same metabolic and anti-inflammatory actions as hydrocortisone. When given parenterally and in equimolar quantities, the two compounds are equivalent in biologic activity. Following the intravenous injection of hydrocortisone sodium succinate, demonstrable effects are evident within one hour and persist for a variable period. Excretion of the administered dose is nearly complete within 12 hours. Thus, if constantly high blood levels are required, injections should be made every 4 to 6 hours. This preparation is also rapidly absorbed when administered intramuscularly and is excreted in a pattern similar to that observed after intravenous injection.This medication is a corticosteroid, prescribed for severe allergies, arthritis, asthma, multiple sclerosis and skin conditions. It is also used to treat certain types of cancer.

Contraindicated in patients with systemic fungal infection, who are taking mifepristone and hypersensitivity.

Fluid and Electrolyte Disturbances- Sodium retention, fluid retention, heart failure, high blood pressure and potassium loss.

Musculoskeletal- Muscle weakness, loss of muscle mass, joint inflammation, vertebral compression fractures and cell death in thighbone.

Gastrointestinal- Peptic ulcer, stomach bleeding, abdominal distention and ulcerative esophagus.

Skin- Impaired wound healing, facial redness and increased sweating.

Central Nervous System- Convulsions, stroke, vertigo and headache.

Genitourinary- Menstrual irregularities, development of Cushingoid state and suppression of growth in pediatric patients.

Eye- Increased eye pressure and protruding eyeball.

History:Infections; kidney disease; liver disease, hypothyroidism; ulcerative colitis with impending perforation;diverticulitis; recent GI surgery; active or latent peptic ulcer; inflammatory bowel disease; hypertension, CHF;thromboembolitictendencies,thrombophlebitis, osteoporosis, seizure disorders, metastatic carcinoma, diabetes mellitus; lactation.Retention enemas,intrarectalfoam:Systemic fungal infections; recent intestinal surgery, extensive fistulas.Topical dermatologic administration:Fungal, tubercular, herpes simplex skin infections;vaccinia,varicella; ear application when eardrum is perforatedPhysical:Systemic administration:Weight, T; reflexes, affect, bilateral grip strength, ophthalmologic examination; BP, P, auscultation, peripheral perfusion, discoloration, pain or prominence of superficial vessels; R, adventitious sounds, chest x-ray; upper GI x-ray (history or symptoms of peptic ulcer), liver palpation; CBC, serum electrolytes, 2-hr postprandial blood glucose, urinalysis, thyroid function tests, serum cholesterol.Topical, dermatologic preparations:Affected area, integrity of skin