Drop Connector Training · •Cable preparation & Connector installation •6-Series and 11-Series...
Transcript of Drop Connector Training · •Cable preparation & Connector installation •6-Series and 11-Series...
Telecom Security Marking 1.
© 2017 Corning Incorporated .
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Drop Cable Preparation
& Connector Installation
Telecom Security Marking 2.
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Drop Quality - Your Connection to Customer Satisfaction
Session overview:
• Safety
• Basic overview of Cable System
• Inspection of the drop connection
• Cable identification
• Connector selection
• Cable preparation & Connector installation
• 6-Series and 11-Series
• Torque wrench operation
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Every Day Should begin with a focus on Safety….
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SAFETY FIRST!
• Wear Eye Protection:
− Working with power drills, other power tools
− Working with wire, connectors, and hand tools
• Wear Work Gloves:
− Prevent injury from hand tools, wire, power tools, etc.
• Wear your Hard Hat:
− When there is a potential for a head injury
• Wear your Safety Vest:
− Anytime you are within 15 feet of a roadway
• Wear your Positioning Strap & Body-Belt:
− When working from a ladder or utility pole to prevent falls
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Basic Overview of Cable System
Signal Origination
- Off Air
- Live Studio/News
- Satellite/Network Feeds
- Internet
- Information Services
- Stored Media
Headend
- Signal Processing &
Combining of Multiple
Channels
- Asset Management System
to Store, Move & Send Media
at Scheduled Times
- Signals Multiplexed into a
Light Beam (Laser)
A two-way HFC (Hybrid Fiber-Coax) system to distribute media over a network
of Fiber and RF Cables starts with…
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Basic Overview of Cable System
Primary Distribution
- Fiber to Nodes
- RF Hardline Coaxial Cables
- Aerial
- Underground
- RF Signal Amplifiers, Line
Extenders
Residential Areas
- Aerial
- Pedestal
- Directional Taps
- 11-Series Coax
- 6-Series Coax
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Basic Overview of Cable System
Residential Demarcation
- Outdoor Box
- Outdoor Passive Splitter
Inside The Home
- Typically 6-Series Coax
- Indoor Passive Splitter
- Cable Modem
- WiFi
- Digital Phone
- Gaming
- Laptops
- Security
- Set-Top Box / DVR
- Smart TV
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Basic Signal Delivery
• Media delivered to Consumers using RF Signals
• RF (Radio Frequency) transmitted through coaxial cable and
light pulses through fiber-optic cables
• This training will focus on RF cable & drop connectors
• Purpose of coaxial drop cable…
− contain the RF signal and prevent ingress (other signals entering
the system)
− prevent egress (Cable TV signals leaking out of the Cable
System)
• Purpose of Connectors:
− interface the coaxial drop cable to equipment
− Provide mechanical, electrical and environmental integrity
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Radio Frequency (RF)
• RF is the oscillation rate of a signal from 20 kHz to 300 GHz
− We work with frequencies up to ~1.8 GHz, soon 3 GHz
• RF is characterized by…
− Frequency – Number of times a signal does a full AC cycle in one
second, measured in Hertz
− Amplitude – Difference between the maximum and minimum
value during one cycle, measured in volts
− Wavelength – Distance between signal peaks in one cycle
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W
A
Time (seconds)
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• Result of poor / deteriorating / corroded installations.
• Digital pixilation caused by lost data packets!
• Inspection & upgrade of the Drop System required.
System impairments caused by Poor RF Connections…
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System impairments caused by poor RF connections…
• More than 70% of all faults are found at the subscriber premise.
• Typical performance impairments
• Poor (Earth) Grounds – Coaxial Cable must be “Bonded” to the Bond
Block (Ground Block) prior to entering the Residence, ultimately connected
to the electrical power ground to be at the same “potential.”
• A difference in potential can create stray currents, noise and interference.
• A difference in potential can damage sensitive electronics, cause cable modem
problems, and even cause a house fire.
• Common Path Distortion – 2nd, 3rd and higher order intermodulation
products created from the downstream signals when connections are loose
and/or corroded. Generates beat products (analog) or raises noise floor
levels (digital)
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System impairments caused by poor RF connections…
Signal AFrom HeadendTo House (Ch 2)
Signal BFrom HeadendTo House (Ch 3)
OriginalSignal A
OriginalSignal B
NewA - B
NewA + B
Dissimilar Metals create and add in new, unwanted signals(Corrosion / Galvanic Action)
Intermod Distortion
Signals in 1 Direction
(i.e. Channel Viewing)
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System impairments caused by poor RF connections…
Signal X
From Headend
(Ch 2 Downstream
To House)
Signal XTo House New X+Y
Signal
Dissimilar Metals create a Diode, impacting Return Path(Corrosion / Galvanic Action)
Signal YReturn
New Y+XSignal
Signal Y
Return Path
(Cable Modem
From House)
Common Path Distortion (CPD)
Signals in 2 Directions
(i.e. Channel Change)
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Downstream (to House) is 55 MHz to ~1.8 GHz.
Return Path (from House to Headend) is 5 MHz to 30 MHz.
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System impairments caused by poor RF connections…
• More than 70% of all faults are found at the subscriber premise.
• Typical performance impairments
• Response Roll Off- A short center conductor may transmit high
frequencies, but as frequencies decrease signal attenuation is exponential.
Correct Incorrect
• Signal Ingress/Egress Problems- Can be caused by cutting off cable
braid, incomplete connector compression, loose connections.
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Identifying Cable - Construction
Center Conductor
Conductor Adhesive
Dielectric Foam
First Shield
Second Shield
Third Shield (Tri shield)
Fourth Shield (Quad shield)
Flooding Compounds
Jacket
Messenger
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Identifying Cable - Sizes
• Series 59
• Series 6
• Series 11
Series
59
Series
6
Series
11
Center Conductor
Dia.
0.032 0.0403 0.064
Dia. over Dielectric 0.144 0.180 0.280
Dia over Tape 0.152 0.188 0.288
Dia over Jacket -
Dual Shield
0.240 0.273 0.400
Dia over Jacket -Tri
Shield
0.244 0.278 0.400
Dia over Jacket -
Quad Shield
0.265 0.297 0.407
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Match The Connector & Cable
• Mini Coax
• 59 Plenum
• 59-Series PVC/PE (Single Braid, Tri-Shield, Quad Shield)
• 59 Headend
• 6 Plenum
• 6-Series PVC/PE (Single Braid, Tri-Shield, Quad Shield)
• 7-Series (Single Braid, Tri-Shield, Quad Shield)
• 11-Series (Single Braid, Tri-Shield, Quad Shield)
• 320-QR
• 500 TX1015 Flex Feeder
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GF-EFC-59 & 6 Connector Identification
Series 59-Small bore &
green gripping member
Series 6- Large bore &
black gripping member
• Proper connector selection is critical for reliable
performance.
• Post diameters for series 59 & 6 are visibly
different with series 6 having the larger bore.
• EFC connectors will fit a range of cables from
60% through quadshield.
Series 59- grooved shell Series 6- no grooves
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Corning Recommended Tools…Well maintained, good quality tools will make your job easier!
• Cable cutting- Diagonal
cutters or lineman pliers
• Cable trimming- Cable
preparation tool examples
• Connector installation-
Connector compression
tool examples
CablePrep
CPT-6590-1SCablePrep
CPT-1100
Ripley
DDT-59611
Ripley
CAT-AS
Optional-
Braid brush
Calibrated
Torque wrenchLineman
pliers
Diagonal
cutters
Sargent
9000-US
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Identifying Cable – Jacket Types
• PVC – Poly Vinyl Chloride
• PE – Polyethylene
• Plenum
• Flooded
• Messenger
MessengerFlooded
Plenum
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Your Goal- Textbook Cable Preparation
Cable Trim Lengths
• 5/16” Center conductor exposed beyond the dielectric
• ¼” Dielectric and foil
• ¼” Braid folded evenly around jacket
1/4”
1/4”
5/16”
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Cable Preparation- Let’s Begin
Correct- Straight with Square Cut End
Incorrect
• Straight cable will allow prep tool blades to
cut evenly around the jacket
• A square cut cable end will allow proper
center conductor protrusion when using
prep tools that have a built in cable stop.
Bent
Crushed
Angle cut
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Messenger and Siamese Cables
Correct Incorrect
Messenger removal or splitting Siamese
cables should be done by tearing 90
degrees apart. For a proper seal to
connector, all of the web must be
removed.
Improper removal will not allow the connector to properly seal.
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Cable Preparation- Trim Tool Operation
Properly insert the cable into the trim tool.
• Be sure to insert the cable into the
tool in the direction of the arrow.
• Cable should come flush with the
edge of the tool.
• This will give approximately 5/16”
of center conductor protrusion.
Avoids overly long conductor
lengths and eliminates the need to
cut center conductor after the
connector is installed.
• If the tool has a built in stop, make
sure to insert the cable firmly
against the stop.
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Cable Preparation – Trim Cable
Correct Incorrect
• Correct trim lengths
• Clean center conductor
Remove all residual dielectric
from center conductor.
Cause
- dull tools
- bonded dielectric
Effect
- Intermittent contact with
mating connector/equipment
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Cable Preparation - Potential Problems
• Dull tools can cause a single strand of braid or a piece of the tape to contact the
center conductor of the cable causing a short.
• Long braids that are folded back against the jacket can create a moisture path
leading to braid corrosion and intermodulation issues or loss of ground.
IncorrectIncorrect
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Cable Preparation – Tri Shield
Strip cable as shown Remove outer tape.
Fold braid back evenly
against jacket.
Old
Style
New
Style
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Cable Preparation- QuadShield
Quad Shield Preparation
Fold back outer braid.
Remove outer tape.
Fold back inner braid.
Fold back both braids.
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The Outer Layer of Foil MUST be Removed
The foil gets wadded up
along with the braid wires
The wadding of the foil &
braid forces the connector
off-center resulting in the
connector cutting into
the dielectric/foil as it is
seated on the cable
It may seem like a shortcut,
BUT…
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Do NOT Cut the Braids Off
• Cut off braid wires may be pushed down under the jacket.• The result:
➢ Connector may not install fully➢ Shielding can be compromised➢ Cable retention reduce; cable could pull out➢ Connector may not seal to jacket allowing moisture
ingress
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Cable/Connector Installation
• Following proper cable preparation
and connector selection, install the
connector onto the cable.
• Feed the cable core gently into the
connector center post. Be careful not
to skive the bonded foil shield.
• Continue to push the cable into
the connector until the dielectric is
flush with the center post inside the
nut end of the connector.
Click on image above to view video.
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Cable / Connector Installation – Applies to 59 & 6 Series
Incorrect
Dielectric left short will cause
an impedance mismatch and
can leave braid hanging out
the back of the connector.
Dielectric pushed past
interface will not permit the
connector to properly mate
with the equipment port.
Incorrect
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Cable/Connector Installation
Correct
Dielectric should come flush
with the end of the post for
proper installation.
Correct
1/8”
Cable center conductor
should protrude approx.
1/8” past the end of the
coupling nut. 5/16”
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Is My Center Conductor Length Correct?
Don’t have a ruler handy? Grab an unused connector and place it’s
coupling nut up against the nut of the connector you’ve just installed…
¼” cc length looks like this. It is the
shortest conductor length allowable by
SCTE standards. CC reaches half
way across smooth area of nut.
5/16” cc length looks like this. It is the
median SCTE conductor length.
THIS IS THE IDEAL CC LENGTH
3/8” cc length looks like this. It is
longest conductor length allowable by
SCTE standards. CC should not reach
the notch on nut hex.
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Connector Compression
Insert connector into tool at
an angle.
Be sure connector is properly
seated into the tool prior to
compressing.Fully compress connector.
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Abandon Old Habits
• Do not cut center conductor flush
with nut, different tools cut different
distances from face of the nut.
• The conductor may be too short to
make reliable contact with the
equipment’s center contact.
• If the center conductor is obviously
too long and cutting is required, be
sure to cut it to leave 1/8”
protruding beyond the end of the
nut.1/8”
5/16”
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Connector Compression Check
Not fully compressed
Fully compressed
Over compressed (flared)
No flaring. A minor gap between
rear shell and shoulder on body
may be allowable.
Very large gap. Connector performance may be
compromised. Tool adjustment or replacement
needed.
May affect security shield tool
application. Tool adjustment
needed.
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Closeup - Gap vs Chamfer
Incorrect,Shows a Gap
(Red Color)
Correct,Only Shows
Component
Part Chamfers
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Cable Preparation
Series 11
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Series 11 Cable Preparation
Cable Trim Lengths
• ¼” Center Conductor
• ¼” Dielectric
• ¼” Braid
1/4”
1/4”
1/4”
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Series 11 Cable Preparation
• Use the trim gauge on the connector body to correctly adjust cable
center conductor length to ¼”
¼”
1/4” trim gauge
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Series11 Cable Installation and Push Out Pin
The cable center conductor pushes the pin out
as the cable enters the connector.
The pin grabs the cable center conductor.
Once the cable is inserted, do not remove.
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Connector Installation- Push Out Pin
• Pin pushes out as cable is inserted, giving positive confirmation of
proper cable insertion.
• Pin should protrude 1/8” beyond end of nut.
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Connector Installation
• Guide the cable center conductor into the hole in the plunger. Pull the
cable into the spring operated tool gates.
• Compress the tool handle fully.
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Indoor Installation
Tighten ALL connectors to system
specifications.
• Finger tight on all customer owned
equipment– i.e. VCR
• Wrench tighten to 30 inch pounds
on all other connections– Company owned equipment
i.e. Directional Tap, Splitter
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Outdoor Installations - Correct Seal Ring Positioning
Small Inside Diameter
One Inside Diameter
(No Co-Bore)
Small Inside Diameter
Larger Diameter, Deep Co-Bore
Larger Diameter, Shallow Co-Bore
Outer Shape Varies. Small Inside
Diameter Goes Over Port First.
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(Corning-Gilbert Style)
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Outdoor Installation – Grommets
Install grommets on all outdoor ports.
Thread connector onto port.
Using a torque wrench, tighten the
connector to mating port. Recommended
torque is 30 inch pounds.
Connector grommets prevent moisture ingress into threads and prevent galvanic corrosion
between different metal alloys (die cast splitters)
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Too much? Too little? How Does One Know?
• Most torque wrench users employ incorrect
hand placements shown on the right. This
technique may cause:
• A higher torque than desired due to the
application of force too close to the pivot
point of the wrench.
• A lower torque than desired due to the
clockwise rotation of the hand instead of
a 90 degree pull.
Pivot
point
Applied
force
WRONG
WRONG
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Understand the Wrench Manufacturers
Recommended Operating Instructions
• The torque applied to an F connector coupling nut
can vary depending on:
• Hand placement on the wrench handle
• The exact spot on the handle where the force is
applied
• Twisting of the wrist
• There is a precise location where the hand or finger
force is to be applied on the handle. The
manufacturer may have that “sweet” spot identified
by markings on the wrench handle.
Wrench with “PULL HERE” indicator
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Drop Adapters
Remember to Tighten All Drop Accessories…
❑ Finger Tighten connectors on Customer Equipment
❑ Average person can finger tighten roughly 5 in lb (range is 3 to 12)
❑ Torque connectors on all other Indoor & Outdoor MSO Equipment
❑ Includes Directional Taps, Splitters, Terminators, Splices, Right-Angle
Adapters
❑ Theft Proof Terminators: Tighten Firmly Using Security Tool
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Summary – Cable Prep & Connector Positioning
1/4”
1/4”
1/4”
6-Series GF-EFC-6 11-Series GAF-URS-11-MH
1/4”
1/4”
5/16”
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Any Questions?
Thank You!