DRIVE REDUCTION THEORY. Physiological Need (Hunger, Thirst, Sex) Drive (Organism engages in random...
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Transcript of DRIVE REDUCTION THEORY. Physiological Need (Hunger, Thirst, Sex) Drive (Organism engages in random...
DRIVE REDUCTION THEORY
Physiological Need(Hunger, Thirst, Sex)
Drive(Organism engages in random activity to satisfy its needs)
Goal-directed behavior(Organism adopts a behavior that reduces the drive)
Satisfaction(Organism’s needs have been satisfied)
A “Need” is a biological or psychological requirement
A “Drive” is an internal condition that orients an individual toward a specific goal
A drive encourages a person to act in goal-directed behaviors to achieve “Homeostasis” – a state of physical or psychological balance.
Homeostasis is a temporary condition. A need will develop over time.
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The Hypothalamus helps direct behavior
With the Lateral Hypothalamus removed a rat will not eat, even when surrounded by food
With the Ventromedial Hypothalamus removed a rat will continue to eat, even when it is not hungry
Drive Reduction Theory Tested
• Have you ever eaten when you weren’t hungry?
• What about a person that excessively works out?
• How do we account for other motivating factors like: achievement, power, and curiosity?
Too much eating?
Too much working out?
Too much tanning?
Environmental Factors that Affect our Hunger
• 1. Availability of food
• 2. Learned preferences and habits
• 3. Stress– Weight gain– Weight loss
Set Point
• The “Set Point” is the weight at which an adult is supposedly set
• When the body falls below this weight, an increase in hunger and a lowered metabolic rate, may act to restore the lost weight
• Eating disorders can cause a person to deviate wildly from their set point.– Anorexia Nervosa– Bulimia Nervosa
BIOLOGICAL
SAFETY
ATTACHMENT
ESTEEM
COGNITIVE
AESTHETIC
SELF-ACTUALIZATION
TRANSCENDENCE
MASLOW’S HIERARCHY OF NEEDS
FUNDAMENTAL NEEDS
PSYCHOLOGICAL NEEDS
SELF-ACTUALIZATION NEEDS
(To feel secure, safe, and out of danger)
(To feel a sense of achievement, competence, and belonging)
(The need to fulfill one’s unique potential)
Maslow’s Hierarchy in “Ratatouille”