Drinking Water Annual Report 2013 14 English

ANNUAL REPORT 2013-14

GOVERNMENT OF INDIAMINISTRY OF DRINKING WATER & SANITATION

www.mdws.gov.in

iiiANNUAL REPORT 2013-14

CONTENTSS. No. Chapter Page No.1.0 ABOUT THE MINISTRY 1-11

2.0 RURAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAMME 14

2.1 National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) 15

2.1.1 New initiatives in the 12th Five Year Plan 16

2.1.2 Components of the NRDWP 17

2.1.3 Criteria of fund allocation 18 2.1.4 Financial Perfornance under NRDWP 18

2.1.5 Physical Performance under NRDWP 20

2.1.6 Strategic Plan- 2012-22 : Rural Drinking Water Programme 21

2.1.7 Planning for 2012-13: Annual Action Plan (AAPs) 22

2.1.8 Planning for Scheduled Castes Sub-Plan (SCSP); 22

Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) Left Wing Extremist (LWE) and Minority Concentrated Districts (MCDs)

2.1.9 Solar dual pumps in Integrated Action Plan (IAP) districts 24

2.1.10 Progress of NRDWP in North Eastern Status 24

2.2 WATER QUALITY PROGRAMME (W.Q.) 25

2.2.1 Setting up of International Centre for 25 Drinking Water Quality (ICDWQ)

2.2.2 Scheme of safe drinking water supply through 26 community water purification plants

2.2.3 Technologies for treatment of water quality contaminants 26

2.2.4 Water Quality Monitoring & Surveillance 27

2.2.5 Water Quality Testing Laboratories 28

2.2.6 National Programme on Prevention and Control of JE/AES 30

2.2.7 Hydro-geo-morphological maps (HGM) 31

2.2.8 Visit of Central Team in water-quality affected areas 32

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2.3 INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (IMIS) 34

2.4 SUPPORT ACTIVITIES 36

2.4.1 Research and Development Projects 36

2.4.2 Information, Education and Communication (IEC) 36

2.4.3 Key Resource Centres KRCs) 37

2.4.4 International Training Programmes 38

2.4.5 Rajiv Gandhi National Professors Chair on WATSAN Studies 38

2.4.6 Important Conferences/Exhibitions and Visits 38

3.0 Rural Sanitation Programme (RSP) 42

3.1 Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA) 47

3.2 Provision under Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA) 47

3.3 Sanitation Coverage 50

3.4 Physical progress 50

3.5 Financial progress 52

3.6 Activities of importance undertaken during 2013-14 53

3.7 Publications 56

3.8 Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP) 56

3.9 Activities of NBA in North Eastern States 58

3.10 Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP) and Tribal Sub Plan (TSP) 60

3.11 Information, Education and Communication (IEC) 61

3.12 Convergence of NBA with other schemes 63

3.13 Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) Under NBA. 68

3.14 Human Resource Development (HRD) 70

3.15 Research and Development (R&D) 72

3.16 Representing India in the International Fora 76

4.0 Administration 81

4.1 Organisation 83

4.2 O&M activities 83

4.3 Vigilance and Grievance Redressal Machinery 83

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4.4 Activities relating to Official Language Hindi 83

4.5 Public Procurement Policy 84

Organisation Chart 85

ANNEXURES 87

NRDWP (Annexure -I to III) 89-92

NBA (Annexure -IV to X) 93-99

Representation of SCs/STs OBCs (Annexure - XI) 100

Representation of Disabled Persons (Annexure - XII) 101

Citizens / Clients Charter (Annexure - XIII) 103-114

Results Framework Document (RFD) (Annexure - XIV) 115-144

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ACRONYMSAAP Annual Action Plan

APL Above Poverty Line

ARWSP Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme.

ADB. Asian Development Bank.

ASHA Accredited Social Health Activist

AES Acute Encephalitis Syndrome

BP Block Panchayat

BPL Below Poverty Line

BRC Block Resource Centre

CCDU Communication and Capacity Development Unit

CGWB Central Ground Water Board

CSIR Council for Scientific and Industrial Research

CRSP Central Rural Sanitation Programme

CBO Community Based Organization

C PGRAMS Centralized Public Grievances Redressal and Monitoring System

DDP Desert Development Programme

DDWS Department of Drinking Water & Sanitation

DPAP Drought Prone Areas Programme

DRDA District Rural Development Agency

DWSM District Water and Sanitation Mission

ECBI External Capacity Building Initiatives.

EPC Engineering, Procurement &Construction .

FTK Field Test Kits

GP Gram Panchayat

GSDA Groundwater Surveys and Development Agency

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HADP Hill Areas Development Programme

HGM Hydro-geo-morphological Maps

HRD Human Resource Development

HH Hearing Handicapped.

IAP Integrated Action Plan

IRC International Resource Centre

ICDWQ International Centre for Drinking Water Quality.

IITF India International Trade Fair

IEC Information, Education & Communication

IHHL Individual Household Latrine

IMIS Integrated Management Information System

IWMP Integrated Watershed Management Programme

JE Japanese Encephalitis

KRC Key Resource Centre

lpcd litres per capita per day .

LWE Left Wing Extremism

LSK Lump-sum Turn Key

M & E Monitoring and Evaluation

MGNREGS Mahatama Gandhi National Rural Employment Generation Scheme

MPR Monthly Progress Report

MNRE. Ministry of New & Renewable Energy.

MDG Millennium Development Goal

MCD Minority Concentrated Districts

MVS Multi Village Scheme

NEERI National Environment Engineering Research Institute

NGO Non-Governmental Organization

NGP Nirmal Gram Puraskar

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NIC National Informatics Centre

NRDWP National Rural Drinking Water Programme

NRDWQM & SP National Rural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programme.

NRSC National Remote Sensing Centre

NWP National Water Policy

NES North Eastern States.

O & M Operation & Maintenance

OLIC Official Language Implementation Committee

OH Orthopedically Handicapped

PHED Public Health Engineering Department

PRI Panchayati Raj Institution

R & D Research & Development

R & DAC Research & Development Advisory Committee

RGNDWM Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission

SCSP Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan

SWSM State Water & Sanitation Mission

TNA Training Needs Assessment

TSC Total Sanitation Campaign

TSP Tribal Sub Plan

VH Visually Handicapped

WQM & S Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance

WATSAN Water & Sanitation

WSP Water & Sanitation Programme

WSSO Water and Sanitation Support Organisation

ZP Zila Panchayat /Parishad.

ABOUT THE MINISTRY

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HISTORY The Government of Indias first major intervention in the rural drinking water sector, started in 1972-73, through the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWS). A Technology Mission on Drinking Water was started in 1986, which in 1991-92, was renamed the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission.

Upgrading the Mission, the Department of Drinking water Supply (DDWS) was created in the Ministry of Rural Development in 1999, which was subsequently renamed as the Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation in 2010. Keeping in view the significance of rural water supply and sanitation, the Government of India created and notified the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation as a separate Ministry on 13th July, 2011.

VisionSafe and adequate drinking water for all, at all times in rural India and to transform rural India into Nirmal Bharat by adopting community saturation approach.

GoalTo provide every rural person with adequate safe water for drinking, cooking and other domestic basic needs on a sustainable basis. This basic requirement should meet water quality standards and be readily and conveniently accessible at all times and in all situations. Similary, the goal under Nirman Bharat Abhiyan is to achieve safe sanitation for 50% rural households by 2017 and to all rural households by 2022.

Objectives a) Enable all households to have access to and use safe & adequate drinking water and within a

reasonable distance.

ABOUT THE MINISTRY1

4 ANNUAL REPORT 2013-14

b) Enable communities to monitor and keep surveillance on their drinking water sources.

c) Ensure potability, reliability, sustainability, convenience, equality and consumers preference with regard to drinking water supply. These are to be the guiding principles while planning for a community based water supply system.

d) Provide drinking water facility, especially piped water supply, to Gram Panchayats that have achieved open-defecation-free status on priority basis.

e) Ensure all government schools and anganwadis to have access to safe drinking water.

f) Provide support and environment for panchayat raj institutions and local communities to manage their own drinking water sources and systems in their villages.

g) Provide access to information through an online reporting mechanism with information placed in public domain to bring transparency and informed decision making.

h) Cover SC/ST, Physically handicapped, small and marginal farmers and women headed households with sanitation facilities in each habitation.

i) Follow Conjoint approach of Sanitation and water supply which would progressively lead to Nirmal Blocks, Nirmal Districts and eventually Nirmal States and ensure running water availability to all Government School toilets.

j) Develop child friendly toilets in Anganwadis.

k) Massive training campaign to ensure use and Operation & Maintenance of toilets.

l) Take up Solid and Liquid waste management in Nirmal Grams.

Strategic Plan The Strategic Plans for drinking water supply and sanitation in rural areas have the following timeline:

By Year 2017(a) Drinking Water Facilities

To ensure that

at least 50% of rural households are provided with piped water supply;

at least 35% of rural households have piped water supply with a household connection; less than 20% use public taps and less than 45% use hand pumps or other safe and adequate private water sources.

all services meet set standards in terms of quality and number of hours of supply every day.

(b) Rural Sanitation facilities

To ensure that 50% of the Gram Panchayats attain the Status of Nirmal Gram (i.e. ODF status).

By Year 2022(a) Drinking water Facilities

To ensure that



at least 80% of r ural households have piped water supply with a household connection; less than 10% use public taps and less than 10% use hand pumps or other safe and adequate private water sources.

(a) Rural sanitation facilities

Provide 100% access to sanitation for all rural households.

Paradigm Shifts in Rural Drinking Water Sector

Programme & Policies at a Glance Drinking Water Supply

Year Event

1949 The Environment Hygiene Committee (1949) (Bhor Committee) recommends the provision of safe water supply to cover 90 per cent of Indias population in a timeframe of 40 years.

1950 The Constitution of India specifies water as a state subject.

1969 National Rural Drinking Water Supply program launched with technical support from UNICEF and Rs.254.90 crore is spent during this phase, with 1.2 million bore wells being dug and 17,000 piped water supply schemes being provided.

1 9 7 2 -73

Introduction of the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) by the Government of India to assist States and Union Territories to accelerate the pace of coverage of drinking water supply.

1981 India as a party to the International Drinking Water Supply and Sanitation Decade (1981-1990) declaration sets up a national level Apex Committee to define policies to achieve the goal of providing safe water to all villages.

1986 The National Drinking Water Mission (NDWM) launched to accelerate the process of coverage of the country with drinking water.

1987 First National Water Policy drafted by Ministry of Water Resources giving first priority for drinking water supply.

1991 The National Drinking Water Mission (NDWM) renamed as Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM).

1994 The 73rd Constitution Amendment makes proviWsion for assigning the responsibility of providing drinking water to the Panchayat Raj Institutions.

1999 Formation of separate Department of Drinking Water Supply in the Ministry of Rural Development, Govt. of India.

For ensuring sustainability of the systems, steps are initiated to institutionalize community participation in the implementation of rural drinking water supply schemes through sector reform. Sector Reform ushers in a paradigm shift from the Government-oriented supply-driven approach to the People-oriented demand driven approach. The role of the government reoriented from that of service provider to facilitator.

Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC) as a part of reform principles initiated in 1999 to ensure sanitation facilities in rural areas with the specific goal of eradicating the practice of open defecation. TSC gives strong emphasis on Information, Education and Communication, Capacity Building and Hygiene Education for effective behavioral change with involvement of PRIs, CBOs, and NGOs


2002 Scaling up of sector reform initiated in the form of Swajaldhara programme.

The National Water Policy revised; priority given to serving villages that did not have adequate sources of safe water and to improve the level of service for villages classified as only partially covered.

India commits to the Millennium Development Goals to halve the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation by 2015, from 1990 levels.

2005 The Government of India launches the Bharat Nirman Program, with emphasis on providing drinking water within a period of five years to 55,069 uncovered habitations, habitations affected by poor water quality and slipped back habitations based on 2003 survey. Revised sub Mission launched as component of ARWSP for focused funding of quality affected habitations.

2007 Pattern of funding under Swajaldhara changed: 50:50 Centre-State shares.

2009 National Rural Drinking Water Programme launched from 1/4/2009 by modifying the earlier Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme and subsuming earlier sub Missions, Miscellaneous Schemes and mainstreaming Swajaldhara principles.

2010 Department of Drinking Water Supply renamed as Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation

2011 Department of Drinking Water and Sanitation upgraded as separate Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation

2012 Twelfth five year plan focusing on piped water supply with 55 lpcd, earmarking of 5% funds for coverage of quality affected as well as 60 JE/AES affected districts,

2013 Launching of special programme to address the rural water supply and sanitation issues of four low income States with collaboration of World Bank.

Current StatusThe Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation is the nodal Ministry for the overall policy, planning, funding and coordination of the flagship programmes of the Government for rural drinking water viz. the National Rural Drinking Water Programme and for Sanitation, the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan in the country. There are three programme divisions namely Water, Water Quality and Sanitation to carry out the functions of the Ministry.

For the Eleventh Five Year Plan, it had been decided that the major issues which need tackling during this period are problems of sustainability, water availability and supply, poor water quality, centralized versus decentralized approaches and financing of O&M, cost on equitable basis with full consideration to ensure equality in regard to gender, socially and economically weaker sections of the society, school children, socially vulnerable groups such as pregnant and lactating mothers, specially disabled and senior citizens etc. For the Twelfth Plan period the Working Group on Domestic Water and Sanitation has recommended amongst others the following initiatives (i) the need to increase drinking water supply service levels in rural areas from 40 lpcd (litres per capita per day) to 55 lpcd; (ii) focus on piped water supply and (iii) conjoint approach on drinking water supply and sanitation.


Funding in rural water supplyThe allocation of funds by the Central and State Governments for Rural Drinking Water Supply since the First Five Year plan is shown in the following table and graph

.

Coverage of Habitations in Terms of Drinking Water Supply The current status of provision of drinking water in rural areas as measured by the percentage of rural habitations where the population is fully covered with adequate (40 lpcd) and safe drinking water, as per information entered by States on the online Integrated Monitoring Information System (IMIS) of the Ministry, is about 69% of total rural habitations. The rest are either partially covered or have drinking water sources contaminated with chemical contamination.

Arsenic, 1917

Fluoride, 15565

Iron, 43662Salinity, 18589

Nitrate, 3061

Fully Covered

Habitations,

1161018

Partially

Covered

Habitations,

448439

\As on 01.04.2013, the status of coverage of habitations was:


(No. of habitations)

Date Total Rural Habitations

Fully covered

Partially Covered

Quality Affected

Arsenic Fluoride Iron Salinity Nitrate Total

As on 1.4.2013

16,92,251 11,61,018 4,48,439 1,917 15,565 43,662 18,589 3,061 82,794

As per the IMIS, as on 31.12.2013, about 42.78% of the rural population has access to piped water supply.

Data of Census 2011a) Type of sources

The status of provision as reported by the Census 2011 shows that about 85% of rural households obtain their drinking water from improved sources, namely, hand pumps, tap water and covered wells.

Tap water

31%

Well water

13%

Hand

Pump/Tube well

52%

STATUS OF PROVISION AS PER THE

CENSUS 2011

Unimproved

Sources 4%

b) State-wise percentage of households having access to tap water.

There are large inter-State variations in the coverage of households with piped water supply. As per the above chart, the percentage of piped water supply varies from 2.6% in Bihar to 95.20% in Chandigarh. There are 6 States, viz. Bihar, Jharkhand, Assam, Odisha, Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh that have less than 10% coverage of households with piped water supply. Special efforts are being initiated during the 12th Five Year plan to raise their coverage with piped water supply.


NSSO 69th Round Reports (July 2012 December 2012) - NSS KI (69/1.2) 88.5% of the households have access to improved source of drinking water.

85.8% of the households have access to sufficient drinking water throughout the year.

as per 2011 census


46.1% of rural households have drinking water within the premises, 40.9% have to travel up to 200 metres to fetch drinking water and around 9.3% have to travel 200 to 500 metres to reach principal source of drinking water.

87.7% of rural households are getting good quality of drinking water.

86.0% of the households are getting sufficient water throughout the year for all household activities.

Physical performance in 12th Five Year Plan As against the target of 4,34,664 rural habitations for coverage during the 12th Five Year Plan, the coverage achieved is 2,84,055. However, due to slippage of fully covered habitations to partially covered habitations in the year 2012-13, the target of habitations to be covered has increased as well as new habitations have been marked on the online IMIS by the States. Some States have exceeded their targets, whereas Sikkim, Punjab and Mizoram have reported low achievement (less than 50%) against targets.

State wise details are at Annexure-I & II.

(Number of habitations)

Year Target Achievements

Partially Covered/

Slipped back

Quality Affected

Total Partially Covered/

Slipped back

Quality Affected

Total

Balance as on 01.04.2012

3,30,504 1,04,160 4,34,664 - -

2012-13 1,15,139 26,521 1,41,660 1,36,304 19,402 1,55,706

2013-14 1,16,493 25,345 1,41,838 1,14,423 1,3926 1,28,349

Total Covered 2,31,632 51,866 2,83,498 2,50,727 33,328 2,84,055*

* As on 31.03.2014


Financial performance in 12th Five Year PlanAgainst the planned outlay of Rs 68,786 crore for Rural Drinking Water Supply in the 12th Five Year Plan, utilization during 2012-13 and 2013-14 is as under:

(in Rs. Crore)

Year B E R E Expenditure of all Components

%age of RE

2012-13 10,500 10,500 10,489.05 99.90

2013-14 11,000 9,700 9,697.27 99.97

Total 21,500 20,200 20,186.32 * As on 31.03.2014

RURAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAMME


RURAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAMME2Rural drinking water supply is a State subject and is also included in the Eleventh Schedule of the Constitution amongst the subjects that may be entrusted to Panchayats by the States. Thus the participation of the Panchayat Raj Institutions in the rural drinking water supply sector is an important area of focus.

Government of Indias major intervention in water sector started in 1972-73 through the Accelerated Rural Water Supply Programme (ARWSP) for assisting States/UTs to accelerate the coverage of drinking water supply in problem villages. A Technology Mission with stress on water quality, appropriate technology intervention, human resource development support and other related activities was introduced in 1986 which was subsequently renamed as the Rajiv Gandhi National Drinking Water Mission (RGNDWM) in 1991. In 1999-2000, Sector Reform Projects was started to involve the community in planning, implementation and management of drinking water schemes which was in 2002 scaled up as the Swajaldhara Programme. The programme was revised from 01.04.2009 and named the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP).

2.1 NATIONAL RURAL DRINKING WATER PROGRAMME (NRDWP)The National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) is a Centrally Sponsored Scheme aimed at providing adequate and safe drinking water to the rural population of the country. The NRDWP is a component of Bharat Nirman which focuses on the creation of rural infrastructure. This has resulted in the provision of significant additional resources to the sector and for creating an environment for the development of infrastructure and capacities for the successful operation of drinking water supply schemes in rural areas.

Bharat Nirman

Bharat Nirman was launched by the Government of India in 2005 as a programme to build rural infrastructure. While Phase-I of the programme was implemented in the period 2005-06 to 2008-09, the Phase-II was implemented from 2009-10 to 2011-12. Rural drinking water is one of the six components of Bharat Nirman. Funds provided under the NRDWP are counted towards the Bharat Nirman also and no additional funds are provided under Bharat Nirman.

At the beginning of the Bharat Nirman Phase-I period, 55,067 uncovered habitations and about 3.31 lakh slipped back habitations were to be covered with provision of drinking water facilities and 2.17 lakh quality affected habitations were to be addressed for water quality problem. While prioritizing the coverage of the water quality problem, arsenic and fluoride affected habitations have been accorded priority followed by iron, salinity, nitrate and other contaminants. To ensure that habitations once provided with drinking water supply infrastructure do not slip back and face drinking water problem, sustainability of drinking water sources and systems has been accorded high priority. To achieve drinking water security at village/ habitation level, conjunctive use of water i.e. judicious use of rainwater, surface water and ground water has been promoted.


Physical Progress in Bharat Nirman (Phase-I and II)

Bharat Nirman (Phase-I) (2005-06 to 2008-09)

Target (Rural Habitations) Achievement (Rural Habitations)

Uncovere Partially Covered /

Slipped Back

Quality Affected

Total Uncovered Partially Covered /

Slipped Back

Quality Affected

Total

55,067 3,31,000 2,17,000 6,03,067 54,440 3,58,362 50,168 4,62,970

Bharat Nirman (Phase-II) (2009-10 to 2011-12)

Balance (Rural habitations) Achievement (Rural habitations) up to 31/03/2012

Uncovered Quality Affected Total Uncovered Quality Affected Total

627 1,79,999 1,80,626 627 81,357 81,984

i) Uncovered Habitations: Against 55,067 uncovered habitations to be covered during the Bharat Nirman period, 54,440 habitations were covered during Phase-I. During Bharat Nirman Phase-II, 627 habitations have been reported as covered up to 31.03.2011. Thus all uncovered habitations that existed in the beginning of 2005 are now covered.

ii) Slipped Back/Partially Covered Habitations: In Phase I (2005-06 to 2008-09), 3.58 lakh slipped back habitations were reported as covered by the States.

iii) Quality-Affected Habitations:

As reported by the States, 2,17,000 quality affected habitations were addressed by sanctioned projects and out of these 50,168 habitations have been fully covered with completed projects to provide safe water supply during Phase-I. As on 1.4.2009, at the beginning of Bharat Nirman phase-II, States reported that 1,79,999 quality affected habitations were remaining to be covered. Of these, during Bharat Nirman (phase-II), 81,357 habitations have been reported as covered. Thus, in all during Bharat Nirman (Phases-I and II), 1,31,525 quality affected habitations have been fully covered with completed schemes. In the 12th Five year plan period beginning from 2012-13 onwards, as on 31.03.2014, 33328 quality affected habitations have been covered.

2.1.1 New Initiatives in the 12th Five Year Plan A project for the installation of Solar powered dual pump based piped water supply schemes in

10,000 habitations of 82 Integrated Action Plan (IAP) districts with funding from NRDWP and the National Clean Energy Fund is under implementation.


In order to raise coverage of piped water supply, toilet coverage and strengthening of institutions and systems in rural drinking water and rural sanitation sectors, the Ministry has proposed a Rural Water Supply and Sanitation Project for Low Income States of Assam, Bihar, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh at an estimated cost of more than Rs. 5400 crore for World Bank assistance of 50% of the project cost.

A Pilot project on taking up Drinking Water Security Planning through Integrated Water Resource Management and source sustainability measures on a participative basis has been taken up in 15 over-exploited Blocks of the country.

Focus on piped water supply rather than on hand pumps, so as to decrease the pressure on ground water extraction and also ensure potability of water;

Enhancement of service levels for rural water supply from the norm of 40 lpcd to 55 lpcd for designing of systems;

Greater thrust on coverage of water quality affected habitations with earmarked funding for chemical contamination and Japanese Encephalitis / Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (JE / AES) affected areas;

Moving towards the target that, by 2017, at least 50 per cent of rural population in the country have access to 55 lpcd within their household premises or within 100 metres radius, with at least 30 per cent having individual household connections, as against 13 per cent today;

Incentivize substantive devolution of functions, funds and functionaries to the Gram Panchayats with respect to rural water supply schemes, through a Management Devolution Index (MDI) with clear and specific indicators on the basis of which distribution amongst States of 10% of National allocation would be decided;

All new drinking water supply schemes to be designed, estimated and implemented to take into account life cycle costs and not just per capita costs;

Waste water treatment and recycling to be an integral part of every water supply plan or project; bringing the concept of Renovation and Modernization (R & M) into the planning process;

Participative planning and implementation of integrated water resource management practices through water budgeting and both supply side and demand side planning;

Earmarking of funds for coverage of SC and ST population concentrated habitations;

Incentive to ASHA workers for encouraging households to take household connections;

2.1.2 Components of the NRDWPa) The allocation criteria, funding and distribution of allocation under different components at

the Central level is as under :


Components NRDWP Central Allocation Centre-State sharing pattern

NE States and J&K 10 % 90:10

Other States 73 % 50:50

DDP Area States 10 % 100 % Central share

Water Quality (Earmarked) 5 % 50:50*, 90 :10**

Natural Calamities 2 % 100 % Central share

Total 100 %

* - All Other States / UTs ** - North East States and Jammu & Kashmir,

b) Component, Purpose, Distribution and Centre-State Sharing pattern of the NRDWP at the State level.

Component Purpose Distribution of State NRDWP

allocation

Center-State Sharing pattern

Coverage For providing safe and adequate drinking water supply to un-served, partially served and slipped back habitations

47% 90:10

(for NE States and J&K)

Quality To provide safe drinking water to water quality affected habitations.

20%

Operation and Maintenance (O

& M)

For expenditure on running, repair and replacement costs of drinking water supply projects.

15% (Maximum) 50:50 (for other States / UT)

Sustainability To encourage States to achieve drinking water security at the local level through sustainability of sources and systems.

10% (Maximum) 100 % Central share

Support Support activities like awareness generation, training etc.

5 % 100 % Central share

Water Quality Monitoring and

Surveillance

For monitoring and surveillance of water quality in habitations

3% 100 % Central share

Total 100 %


2.1.3 Criteria for Fund AllocationWhile allocating the NRDWP funds for coverage, quality, sustainability, O&M, support and WQM&S component to the States the criteria followed is:

Criteria Weightage (in %)

i) Rural population as per census 40

ii) Rural SC and ST population as per census 10

iii) States under DDP, DPAP, HADP and special category hill States in terms of rural areas

40

iv) Rural population managing rural drinking water supply schemes weighted by a Management Devolution Index

10

Total

The DDP component of 10% of the NRDWP budget is allocated to States with DDP areas on the same criteria. The Natural Calamities component is allocated on the basis of recommendations of Central teams that visit the States in the wake of natural calamities. The 5% Earmarked Water Quality component is allocated to the States on the basis of distribution of quality affected habitations (with 75% weightage) and high priority districts affected with cases of JE / AES (25%).

2.1.4 Financial Performance under NRDWPThe financial allocations and expenditure under NRDWP have been increased substantially since the launch of Bharat Nirman in 2005-06.

F


Financial performance at the national level is in terms of the releases made under the programme. The budget estimates, revised estimates and releases under the 11thand 12thFive Year Plan are as under:

Year

NRDWP

Budget Estimates Revised Estimates Expenditure Expenditure in Percentage of RE

2005-06 4,050 4,060 4098.00 100.93

2006-07 5,200 4,560 4560.00 100.00

2007-08 6,500 6,400 6442.76 100.00

2008-09 7,300 7,300 7298.79 99.98

2009-10 8,000 8,000 7989.72 99.87

2010-11 9,000 9,000 8986.74 99.85

2011-12 9,350 8,500 8493.15 99.91

2012-13 10,500 10,500 10,489.05 99.90

2013-14 11,000 9,700 9,697.27 99.97

During 2012-3, an amount of Rs. 10,500 crore was allocated under NRDWP, out of which Rs. 10,489 crore was released to States and utilized at the national level. State-wise allocation and release is given at Annexure-III-A. Similarly during 2013-14, a revised allocation of Rs. 9,700 crore was allocated out of which Rs. 9,697.27 crore was utilized. State-wise allocation and release is given at Annexure-III-B.

To provide support to the States in the focus areas of Support Activities and in Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance, an amount of Rs. 482.50 cr. has been allocated under the Support Fund of which Rs. 272.57 crore has been released, while under WQM&S Rs. 289.50 cr. has been allocated and Rs. 127.15 crore released and under Water Quality earmarked funds, Rs. 482.50 crore has been allocated and Rs. 109.65 crore has been released till 31.03.2014.

2.1.5 Physical Performance under NRDWP

Target Coverage

Partially covered

Quality Affected

TotalPartially covered

Quality Affected

Total

2012-13 75,000 25,000 1,00,000 1,36,304 19,402 1,55,706

2013-14 1,22,259 21,771 1,44,030 1,14,404 13,925 1,28,329

* Achievement as on 31.03.2014

For the year 2012-13, against the target of coverage of 75,000 partially covered and 25,000 quality affected habitations, the achievement was coverage of 1,36,304 partially covered and 19,402 quality affected habitations. The State-wise details are at Annexure-II.


2.1.6 Strategic Plan 2011-2022: Rural Drinking Water SupplyThe Strategic Plan 2011-2022 has the following goals:

By 2017:

Ensure that



All services meet set standards in terms of quality and number of hours of supply every day.

all households, schools and anganwadis in rural India have access to and use adequate quantity of safe drinking water.

Provide enabling support and environment for Pancwhayat Raj Institutions and local communities to manage at least 60% of rural drinking water sources and systems.

By 2022:

Ensure that



Provide enabling support and environment for all Panchayat Raj Institutions and local communities to manage 100% of rural drinking water sources and systems.

The Ministrys goal is to assist the States in meeting the rising expectations of the rural people for better service delivery standards in rural drinking water supply as shown in the Water Ladder below.


2.1.7 Annual Action Plans (AAPs): Planning for 2014-15 From the year 2010-11, the State-wise discussions on the Annual Action Plan (AAP) with each State were carried out. In this process, States prepared their AAPs, detailing the activities in the rural drinking water sector that they proposed to take up during the year, and the financial costs that these proposals would entail. Detailed discussions on the State AAPs for 2013-14 were held in the months of March and April 2013 between representatives of the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation, Government of India and the State government officials. From the year 2012-13 onwards, the Online formats for Annual Action Plan got full flourished and was widely accepted by the States/UTs. This has resulted in decentralized outlook to the Annual Plans from the States. Subsequent to the discussions, modifications were suggested in the AAPs and action points identified. States were released funds under NRDWP, after their AAP was finally prepared and the target habitations marked on the online IMIS. It was on the basis of this AAP that the States carried out the activities under NRDWP during the year. The entire procedure of preparing, discussing and implementation of the AAPs for the NRDWP, provided a framework for proper targeting and monitoring of the funds being provided by the Government of India. The AAP along with online reporting of works carried out by the States in the Integrated Management Information System of the Ministry, has significantly strengthened the effectiveness of the NRDWP in achieving the goal of providing safe drinking water for all the rural areas of the country.

2.1.8 Planning for Scheduled Caste Sub-Plan (SCSP), Tribal Sub Plan (TSP), Left Wing Extremist (LWE) Affected and Minority Concentrated Districts (MCDs)

Provision for SCs and STs

The NRDWP has special provisions to ensure coverage of the Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribe population with potable water supply. In the criteria for fund allocation to States under the NRDWP, the rural SC and ST population of the State has a weightage of 10%. Thus States with higher SC and ST population get a higher allocation of NRDWP funds.

To ensure that adequate funds are utilized by the States in SC and ST concentrated areas, for the year 2013-14, Rs. 2134 crore (22% of total allocation of Rs. 9700 crore) is earmarked for expenditure for SCs and Rs. 970 crore (10% of total allocation of Rs. 9700 crore) is earmarked for expenditure for STs. Out of this, as on 12.02.2014, Rs. 2523.44 crore have been released to States for coverage of SC and ST populations.

The progress in the coverage of SC and ST concentrated habitations is being monitored through the Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) of the Ministry. Improvements have been made for this in the Ministrys website and in the online monitoring system for capturing of achievement data in this respect.


As on 1.4.2013, out of the total 2, 84,898 SC concentrated habitations in the country, 2, 01,572 habitations are Fully Covered, 72,352 are Partially Covered and 10,974 are Quality affected. In 2013-14, 22,053 SC concentrated habitations were targeted for coverage and as on 31.03.2014, 16,925 habitations were covered with potable drinking water supply.

Out of the total 3, 66,485 ST concentrated habitations, 12,227 are Fully Covered, 1, 04,709 are Partially Covered and 16,197 are quality affected. In 2013-14, 29709 ST concentrated habitations were targeted for coverage and as on 31.03.2014, 30,627 habitations have been covered.

Provision for Minorities

While there is no earmarking of NRDWP funds for expenditure in minority concentrated districts, attention is given to coverage of such habitations in the planning process.

Out of the total 2, 28,129 habitations in the Minority Concentrated Districts (MCDs) identified by the Ministry of Minority Affairs, as on 1.4.2013, a total of 146525 habitations are Fully Covered, 71,131 are Partially Covered and 10,473 are Quality affected. In 2013-14, 20180 habitations have been targeted for coverage and 7,911 habitations covered with potable drinking water supply till 12.02.2014.

Progress of NRDWP in LWE Affected Districts

There are 82 districts which are now categorized as LWE affected districts and identi ed for the Integrated Action Plan (IAP). Funds are provided under the IAP to the District Administration of these districts for taking up developmental schemes including water supply projects.

In addition, under the NRDWP, State Governments have in their Annual Action Plans prioritised taking up rural water supply projects in these districts.

As on 01.04.2013, out of the 16.92 lakh rural habitations in the country, there are 3, 40,718 habitations in IAP districts. Out of these, 2, 15,839 habitations are fully covered (63.34%). 1, 13,125habitations (33.20%) are partiallycovered. Further 11,754habitations (3.44%)are quality affected.

In 2013-14, under the NRDWP, Rs. 760.46 crores have been released by State governments to IAP districts, targeting 29,175 habitations for coverage. As on 31.03.2014, 31,340 habitations have been covered


2.1.9 Solar dual Pumps in Integrated Action Plan (IAP) DistrictsThe Ministry decided in convergence with the National Clean Energy Fund of Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) to install 10,000 solar dual pumps in 82 Integrated Action Plan (IAP) districts of the country. The cost of the total unit is about Rs 5.2 lakh. The fund sharing pattern between MDWS, MNRE and States is 40:30:30. Under the Solar Powered dual pump scheme, a 900 Watt Solar energy based submersible pump is installed in the bore well which is also fitted with a hand pump. The pumped water is stored in a 5000 litre tank which is then used to provide piped water supply to each house through taps. This scheme suffices requirement of drinking water needs of 250 persons. Hand pump is kept as a standby in the same bore well to ensure availability of uninterrupted water supply to the population in case of any problems with the solar powered pump. In the year 2013-14, States were given a target of 2500 habitations against which 729 has been covered as on 28/02/2014.

Solar Dual Pump Installed in Maharashtra

2.1.10 Progress of NRDWP in North Eastern StatesUnder the NRDWP, focus is placed on the development of infrastructure in the North Eastern States by providing 10% of national budget allocation to these States. In 2013-14, an amount of Rs. 970 crore has been provided for rural drinking water supply in the North Eastern States.


Physical Status

State Status of Coverage Target 2013-14 Achievement as on 31.03.2014

Total rural

Habitation

Fully

Covered

Habitation

Partially

Covered

Habitation

Quality

Affected

Habitation

Partially

covered

Habitation

Quality

affected

Habitation

Partially

covered

Habitation

Quality

affected

Habitation

Arunachal

Pradesh5612 690 4808 114 285 19 129 4

Assam 87888 38372 36637 12879 4050 3125 3666 1766

Manipur 2870 1627 1243 0 250 0 172 0

Meghalaya 9326 1821 7415 90 691 64 413 38

Mizoram 777 472 305 0 46 0 26 0

Nagaland 1500 392 1035 73 34 51 120 29

Sikkim 2084 502 1582 0 200 0 68 0

Tripura 8132 2458 671 5003 270 845 436 684

Total 118189 46334 53696 18159 5826 4104 5030 2521

2.2 WATER QUALITY PROGRAMME (WQP)

2.2.1 Setting up of International Centre for Drinking Water Quality (ICDWQ) The Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Government of India, is setting up an State of the art Research & Development centre International Centre for Drinking Water Quality (ICDWQ) at Joka, Diamond Harbour Road, Kolkata, the proposal has been approved by Government of India and ICDWQ has been registered as a Society under the Societies Registration Act, 1860. The ICDWQ would be fully funded and administered under the overall guidance of the Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation, Government of India.

The basic aim of the Society is to work in the area of identification, mitigation and management of drinking water quality related problems in India and abroad with a focus on arsenic, fluoride and other emerging contaminants to provide inputs for policy level decision making under the National Rural Drinking Water Programme and in the rural drinking water sector in general. The Centre will focus mainly on research and development activities, assessment of various treatment technologies, training, networking with all related organizations, promoting doctoral and post-doctoral studies on drinking water quality issues etc. It will cater to both- rural as well as urban areas in India. The Centre will also assist other countries on demand.

The ICDWQ campus will have modern facilities following GRIHA green building norms for its Administrative building, full-fledged R&D centre, library, auditorium, training centre and other ancillary buildings along with guest house, staff quarters, etc. The total covered area is envisaged to be in the range of approximately 17,000 sqm, which will be constructed at a tentative estimated cost of approx. Rs. 66 crores, including all essential external services & land development etc.


Decision has been taken and a Project Management Consultant has been selected for planning, designing, estimating, commissioning the ICDWQ units right from concept to commissioning.

2.2.2 Scheme of Safe Drinking Water Supply through Community Water Purification Plants in Fluoride, Arsenic, Uranium and other Heavy/Toxic Metals and Pesticide/Fertilizer Affected Rural Habitations in the CountryThe National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP) funds for supplying safe water in contaminated areas are being utilized by the States as a policy mostly for alternate safe Piped Water Supply (PWS) schemes including Multi-village schemes (MVS) (i. e., from far away safe sources) the gestation period of such MVS projects is about 4-5 years. Since the rural people cannot be put to risk due to consumption of unsafe drinking water in the interim period as also whereas all such Multi-Village Schemes carrying safe water from far away sources cannot be planned and completed in the span of 4-5 years due to huge funds involved, hence, the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation has submitted an EFC proposal to provide community water purification plants in fluoride, arsenic, uranium and other heavy/toxic metals and pesticide/fertilizer affected rural habitations in the country for providing safe drinking water immediately with an anticipated expenditure of total capital cost of Rs 3,600 crore with fund sharing pattern of 75:25 (90:10 in case of NE, J&K) between Centre and State in approx 20,000 habitations during the period 2014-15 to 2016-17. The proposal has been appraised by EFC (Economic Finance Committee), approved by Honble MOS(IC), MDWS and the Finance Minister. The proposal is currently pending for consideration by the CCEA.

The proposal would be implemented for tackling of water quality affected habitations in a time-bound manner through provision of safe drinking water @ 8-10 lpcd (meant for drinking and cooking purposes only) through installation of community drinking water purification plants, with provision for a 7 year Operation & Maintenance (O & M) built into the project cost through a two year performance guarantee (bank guarantee), followed by 5-year AMC through the contractor setting up the plant, thereafter after 7 years, O&M will become the responsibility of Panchayat/State Government. This extended O&M period of 7 years by the contractor will give ample time for Panchayats to gather experience and undertake O&M later on themselves.

2.2.3 Technologies for Treatment of Water Quality ContaminantsStates use a number of technology options to provide potable drinking water in the quality affected habitations.

In order to assist the States in selecting appropriate contaminant removal technology, a Handbook on Drinking Water Treatment Technologies was released in November, 2011 and was made available to all States. This was further revised by adding comparative statement of technologies and treatment technologies for emerging contaminants like uranium and the Revised Edition released in February, 2013.


2.2.4 Water Quality Monitoring & SurveillanceIn order to develop the understanding and appreciation of safe and clean drinking water amongst rural communities and to enable them to carry out tests to determine the quality of drinking water, the National Rural Drinking Water Quality Monitoring and Surveillance Programme (NRDWQM&SP) was launched in February, 2006. The programme aimed at empowering rural communities by:

i) Bringing awareness through Information, Education & Communication (IEC) activities to address ownership of the systems, health hazards due to poor drinking water quality, hygiene, sanitary survey, importance of environmental sanitation, etc.

ii) Training 5 grass root workers in each Gram Panchayat, which may be ASHA worker, Anganwadi worker, science teacher, high school girl child, panchayat member, retired army officials, etc.

iii) In addition to 5 Gram Panchayat workers, 2 persons at the State level, 4 persons at the District and 5 persons at the Block level are also to be trained.

iv) Provision of water testing kit for each Gram Panchayat.

Awareness Generation for School Children on Drinking Water Quality in Kerala


For all these purposes, 100% financial assistance has been provided to the States. Since inception of the programme till 30.3.2014, 3.838 lakh chemical kits, 1121.13 lakh bacteriological vials have been purchased / supplied, 98.11 lakh water samples were tested in laboratories by using these kits and 23.35 lakh persons ( including Grassroot workers in GPs, block & district officials) have been trained in different States to carry out the water quality tests as per on-line data reported by the States on IMIS. This helps in keeping surveillance on the quality aspects of drinking water sources. With effect from 1.4.2009, NRDWQM&SP has been subsumed in the NRDWP. From 2011-12 a separate component of Water Quality Monitoring Surveillance has been created for which 3% of NRDWP funds are allocated. During 2013-14, the following achievements have been made (till 30/03/2014):-

No. of FTKs chemical distributed = 72,053

No. of bacteriological vials distributed/ processed = 1.57 crore

No. of grass root workers trained = 4.27 lakh

No. of sanitary surveys conducted = 79,139

No. of sources tested using FTKs = 14.74 lakh

2.2.5 Water Quality Testing LaboratoriesThe Ministry also supports in setting up and strengthening district level and sub-divisional laboratories in the States. As on 30/03/2014, 720 district laboratories have been established by the States/ UTs using funds from the Centre, from their own resources and from other sources. In addition, 1413 sub-divisional / block level laboratories have also been set up in various States. States have carried out testing of 26.74 lakh water samples during 2013-14.

Village Women Using Field Test Kits to Test Drinking Water Quality in Jharkhand


Sophisticated instrumentation in State Water Quality Testing Laboratory (Andhra Pradesh)

Gas Chromatography Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrophotometer

Guidelines received from BARC, Mumbai on testing of radio-nuclides, alpha and beta emitters have been sent to all States. The uniform protocol suggests for sophisticated instrumentation for the State labs while instrumentation required for the regular analysis at district/ sub-divisional labs are also of high quality but the pace of water quality testing could be improved.

Ultra-Violet (Visible) Spectrophotometer in District/ Sub-Divisional Laboratories (A P)


Instrumentation Facilities for Bacteriological Testing of Drinking Water, Punjab: View of Laminar Air Flow Chamber and Autoclave.

2.2.6 National Programme on Prevention and Control of JE / AESThe National programme on prevention and control of Japanese Encephalitis / Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (JE / AES) has been started by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Government of India. The Health Ministry has identified 60 high priority JE / AES districts and has proposed an integrated approach in partnership with Ministries of Drinking Water & Sanitation, Social Justice, Housing and Urban Poverty Alleviation and Women and Child Development.

The major thrust areas under the drinking water component of the programme include:

1) Provision of safe drinking water and proper sanitation facilities

2) Strengthening measures / mechanism for water quality monitoring

3) Replacement of public shallow hand pumps with IM-II hand pumps

4) Proper disinfection facilities

5) Rising hand pump platforms in water logged / high water table areas

6) Mini-water supply scheme with stand posts for provision of safe drinking water.

States can incur expenditure on th.is from the 3% provision made by Government of India under WQM&SP.

The Ministry has taken up the issue of JE/AES in States very seriously and has reviewed the progress on prevention and control of Japanese Encephalitis / Acute Encephalitis Syndrome (JE / AES) regularly during NRDWP Review meeting and on online IMIS.


As reported by the States, under Central share funds, about 1700 rural habitations have been covered under this programme during the year 2013-14 as on 28/4/2014.

2.2.7 Hydro-Geo-Morphological MapsThe Ministry has prioritized the preparation of hydro-geo-morphological maps to assist the States through National Remote Sensing Centre, Hyderabad. With the use of these maps, States can identify sites for groundwater sources for water supply systems and locations for constructing recharge structures to improve sustainability of existing water supply sources.

Groundwater prospect maps in terms of Hydro-Geo-Morphological (HGM) maps have been completed for the entire country except few islands and UTs. These have been handed over to States to help them in identifying correct sites for production wells and sustainability structures for artificial groundwater recharge. Use of these maps, along with geo-physical studies, are likely to cut down the failure of bore wells/ tube wells drastically and also help in in-situ dilution of certain chemical contaminants. Rest of the HGM prospect maps will be completed and handed over to States/ UTs by June 2014. Updating of HGM maps that were provided long back, will also be updated during 2014-15, using latest satellite data and sent to States. States have been advised to generate water quality data on a random but uniform basis in each district during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons and send the same along with their GPS coordinates and depth of tubewell so that ground water quality GIS layer could be inserted into the HGM maps.


Use of HGM Maps for Siting Correct Location for Check Dam in Chhattisgarh

2.2.8 Visit of Central Team in Water-Quality Affected Areas i) As per the decision taken in the meeting of the Parliamentary Standing Committee for Demands

For Grants (2013-14) held on April 02, 2013, the Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation deputed a Central Team to review and inspect the status of Sea Water Reverse Osmosis Plants installed in Andaman & Nicobar islands. The team was headed by Shri D. Rajasekhar, Dy. Advisor-WQ, Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation. The team vis i ted v a r i ou s a re a s in Andaman & Nicobar i s lands in Apr i l 2013 and reviewed the functioning and performance of RO plants and its report was submitted by the Ministry to the Lok Sabha Secretariat.

A View of the Fully Functional RO Plant set up by PWD at Tugapur,

A & N Islands


Electrolytic Defluoridation Plant at Usarwara Village in Durg District (Chhattisgarh)

ii) Shri Pankaj Jain, Secretary, DWS along with Shri Satyabrata Sahu, JS(W) and Shri D. Rajasekhar, DA(WQ) of the Ministry visited the Phailin affected areas in Ganjam and Puri districts in Odisha in February 2014.

iii) Shri Satyabrata Sahu, Joint Secretary (Water), Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation along with Shri D. Rajasekhar, Dy. Advisor (WQ) and Dr. Brajesh Shrivastava, Consultant (WQ & Sustainability) visited Chhattisgarh State. JS visited Rakhee village (District-Dhamtari), Usarawara village (District-Durg) Onakana village (District- Balod), Kotni Village (District-Raipur) and Lohardih village (District-Mahasamund) in Chhattisgarh State during 29th - 30th August 2013 and interacted with the rural people to review the Status of NRDWP. A review meeting of State PHED officials was also undertaken in the evening of 29th August 2013 which was attended by Engineer-in-Chief, Chief Engineer, Superintending Engineers, Executive Engineers and staff of WSSO apart from Secretary-PHE, Govt. of Chhattisgarh, to review the implementation of NRDWP in Chhattisgarh State.

Solar Energy Based Dual Pump at Onakona Village in Balod District (Chhattisgarh)


iv) Shri Satyabrata Sahu, JS and Shri D. Rajasekhar, Deputy Advisor (WQ), MDWS also visited fluoride affected Nuapada district in Odisha State on 30th Aug 2013 and gave suggestions for improvements to the local RWSS engineers.

2.3 INTEGRATED MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM (IMIS)The Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) of the Ministry, developed and managed with the help of the National Informatics Center (NIC) has in the past 5 years become a repository of all data with respect to implementation of rural drinking water supply schemes, water quality data from villages as well as of laboratory testing. The data is entered by the States online at the district and state levels. Facility has been provided to the states to enter data at division levels also, from this year. States enter their Monthly Progress Reports (MPRs) regarding physical and financial progress with respect to the implementation of rural water supply schemes, for each month by the 15th of the subsequent month. No paper reports are received from the states. Data regarding water supply for over 16.64 lakh rural habitations across the country is available on the IMIS which is freely accessible from the Ministrys website. The process of monitoring the targeted habitation online has been systematized from 2009-10 onwards through IMIS. The existing monitoring system can assess the impact of these programmes on the coverage status of habitations. The Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) is accessible in the online monitoring page of the Ministry website (http://www.ddws.gov.in).

The Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) is a comprehensive web based information system, which enables the States and the Centre, to monitor the progress of coverage of habitations and rural schools and anganwadis, through a common monitoring format. In addition to this, progress of schemes for water supply and sustainability can also be monitored. The IMIS enables one to view the extent of coverage with safe drinking water. This system also gives the list of quality-affected habitations


and the list of partially covered habitations. The list of Government and Local Body aided schools and anganwadis in all villages of the country is captured along with facility (drinking water & sanitation) available. Data on coverage of habitations with potable water and the link ofsuch data with the census village code has been achieved for bringing in increased accuracy in the monitoring of the programme. All States are providing progress data on the online IMIS system. Using the IMIS system, the Ministry monitors the progress of all States in the implementation of the NRDWP. Feedback and advice is given to the States on the basis of data submitted by them on the IMIS. The IMIS is developing into a robust database, providing information of the status of rural drinking water situation covering every habitation in the country, and has become a crucial tool for planning.

IMIS has won the SKOCH SMART Governance Award as one of indias best 100 projects of 2013.

IMIS also won the award of recognition from various organisations during 2013-14

From CSINihilent e-Governance award 2012-13.


IMIS among "India's best Projects in 2013" at the SKOTCH SMART Governance Awards on 2nd September 2013, at Le Meridien, New Delhi

2.4 SUPPORT ACTIVITIES

2.4.1 Research and Development ProjectsIn order to promote research and development in the area of water quality, this Ministry funds R&D projects in premier R & D institutions, Universities, Colleges, autonomous organizations including NGOs/ voluntary agencies. So far 149 R & D projects have been sanctioned, out of which127 have been completed. The Ministry has brought out two compendia on the completed projects and it has also been widely disseminated to States/ PHEDs for their use. To consider R&D proposals and provide guidance, the Ministry has constituted a Research & Development Advisory Committee (R&DAC). During the year 2013-14, consideration of new R & D Projects is in process.

2.4.2 Information, Education and Communica-tion (IEC) Based on issues and challenges faced in the implementation of the National Rural Drinking Water Programme (NRDWP), the Ministry released advertisements in the All India Radio. Further awareness campaign on different aspects of safe drinking water in rural areas through broadcast of audio spots on All India Radio on Vividh Bharati, primary/ local


channels, national news, regional news bulletin has also been undertaken. Telecast of advertisements in Doordarshan, both national and regional networks, towards the same goal has been undertaken during this year.

It has also formulated IEC guidelines to help the States to take IEC activities for different stakeholders at different levels. As part of IEC campaign, the Ministry during last year participated in India International Trade Fair along with many State Governments / NGOs and other private organizations dealing with water and exhibited their products for providing safe drinking water.

2.4.3 Key Resource Centres (KRCs)Ministry has identified institutions/ organizations having domain knowledge and expertise in water and selected them as National Key Resource Centres (NKRCs). National Key Resources Centres (NKRC) are key institutions engaged in capacity building, reorientation of different stakeholders, in dissemination of knowledge and information, documentation of best practices etc. to achieve the sectoral goal of drinking water security in rural areas. KRCs provide technical guidance to State Water & Sanitation Mission (SWSM), Communication & Capacity Development Unit

(CCDU), Public Health Engineering Departments (PHEDs), Panchayati Raj Institutions (PRIs), Non-governmental Organizations (NGOs) and community organizations on issues and challenges of NRDW Programme. Key Resource Centres are identified by Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation based on the track record of national standing, experience, previous work and involvement of the concerned institutions/ organizations in rural drinking water sector.


In total, there are 56 Key Resource Centres recognized by Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanit tion. Out of these, 38 KRCs work for drinking water and 8 for sanitation exclusively for capacity building and 10 work for both drinking water and sanitation.

The details of activities undertaken by KRCs during 2013-14 are given below.

Training Programmes : 40

National/ Regional Workshops : 3

2.4.4 International Training ProgrammesThe Ministry and UNICEF have jointly funded two international training programmes on External Capacity Building Initiatives on Water and Sanitation in IRC, Netherlands. In these two weeks programmes held from 25th June to 06th July, 2012 and 19th November to 30th November, 2012 a total of 37 officers from the Ministry and State Departments in-charge of rural water supply and sanitation participated.

2.4.5 Rajiv Gandhi National Professors Chair on WATSAN StudiesThe Ministry has set up Rajiv Gandhi National Professor Chair on WATSAN Studies in 2012-13 in four Universities / Institutions. The details of the Universities / Institutions and the area of specialization given to them are given below.

S. No. Name of the Institute Area of Specialization

1 Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore Rural Sanitation and Waste Management

2 Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai Governance and Service Delivery issues in Rural Domestic Water and Sanitation

3 Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati Rural Drinking Water Quality Technology options

4 Department of hydrology, Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee.

Sustainability of sources

2.4.6 Important Conferences/Exhibitions and VisitsWater-Tech 2013

The Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation, Government of India, supported a National level Exhibition cum Conference on Drinking Water &Industrial Waste Water Treatment & Manage-ment, organized by Messe Frankfurt Trade Fair from 26th to 28th September 2013 in Mahatma Mandir, Gandhi Nagar (Gujarat).The Exhibition commenced on 26th September 2013 and ran along with a Conference which was held from 27th -28th September 2013. The event was inaugu-rated by Shri Bharatsinh Solanki, Honble Minister of Drinking Water & Sanitation.


Shri Bharatsinh Solanki, Minister of State (I/C), Ministry of Drinking Water & Sanitation inaugurating Water tech 2013 accompanied by Shri Pankaj Jain, Secretary-MDWS

Participation in IITF, New Delhi

Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation participated in the India International Trade Fair (IITF) during 14-27 November 2013. Shri Pankaj Jain, Secretary-MDWS inaugurated the exhibition of the Ministry at IITF.

Representatives of States, research institutions, NGOs, international companies dealing with water treatment showcased their achievements in the area of drinking water and sanitation through high


quality posters, models, equipments and instruments. This was the first participation of the Ministry in IITF after creation of a separate Ministry. The event was orgnaised in an exhibition area of 246 sqm in Hall No. 18 in the IITF, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi.

Deputation of Senior Officers as members of Inter-Ministerial Central Teams Constituted by the Ministry of Home Affairs / Ministry of Agriculture for Assessment of Impact of Natural Calamities

The Ministry had deputed Senior Officers as members to various Central teams for assessment of impact of natural disasters like drought, flood, earthquake, landslides, etc. The States of Andhra Pradesh, Arunachal Pradesh, Bihar, Gujarat, Himachal Pradesh, Jammu & Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra, Nagaland, Odisha Tamil Nadu Uttarakhand etc. were visited by the officers of the Ministry and the Central teams have submitted their recommendations on emergency drinking water supply measures to the Inter Ministerial Group.

Review Meetings During 2013-14

Ministry organised National Level Sectoral discussions under the Chairmanship of Shri Pankaj Jain, Secretary (DWS) wi th St a tes on 11th April, 2013. State Sec re t a r i e s/ P r inc ipa l Secretarys in charge of RWS attended the meeting where Secretar y (DWS) highlighted to focus on providing quality water in quality affected and partially covered habitations. National Level Annual Sectoral Discussions held with States/UTs Governments

on 11th April, 2013 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi.

Shri Pankaj Jain, Secretary (MDWS), Inaugurating Exhibition at IITF, Pragati Maidan, New Delhi


Periodic reviews were taken up by Joint Secretary (Water) with States to set up dual solar pump based water supply projects in the naxal affected States under the Integrated Action Plan by organising video-conference with 9 States during June and September, 2013. Except the State of Chhattisgarh, the remaining States have made very low progress and they were asked to improve their performance.

Field Visit & Review by Shri Satyabrata Sahu, Jt Secretary (Water) in the Village Usarwara of District Balod (Chhattisgarh) on Solar Dual Pump based Water Supply

Release of Drinking Water Advocacy and Communication Strategy Framework(DWACS, 2013-2022) during WASH-TNA Workshop jointly organised by MDWS and UNICEF.

Training Need Assessment (TNA) workshop was organised at Hotel Leela Palace, New Delhi on 19th November, 2013 with States. State Secretaries/ Principal Secretaries in charge of RWS & Sanitation to review the progress under IEC activities, training modules of KRCs and framework document on drinking water advocacy prepared by UNICEF.


A review meeting was held under the Chairmanship of Secretary (DWS) with States on 20th November, 2013. State Secretaries/ Principal Secretaries incharge of RWS to review the progress under NRDWP. In the meeting Secretary gave emphasis on providing safe water in water quality affected habitations. He also stressed on the need for setting up water quality testing laboratories in the States. He requested the States to provide minimum 40 lpcd of water in all PC habitations by the end of 2013-14.

Senior Officials of the Ministry taking review meeting on NRDWP with States/UTs Governments on 20th November, 2013 at Hotel Leela, New Delhi

Regional Review Meeting with Eastern Region States held on 27th January, 2014 at Bhubaneswar, Odisha.

Regional Review meeting with Eastern Zone States under the Chairmanship of Secretary, DWS was held on 27th January, 2014 at Bhubaneswar. Focus was given on coverage of habitations with piped water supply which is very low in the Eastern States of the country. Secretary also impressed upon the States for adequate water quality testing in laboratories.


On 29th January, 2014 Regional Workshop was held to discuss CSR guidelines prepared by the Ministry with officials of the Eastern States of the country where Joint Director (Stat) along with Joint Secretary (Water) was present. Leading PSUs of the areas also attended.

Joint Secretary (Water) address during regional workshop on Best Practices cum Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) held on 29th January, 2014 at Bhubaneswar

A workshop was organised by Principal Investigators/ scientists of State Remote Sensing Centres on preparation of HGM maps for Ground Water Quality data availability, issues, mapping status and completion report of ground water prospects maps, at Hyderabad on 30.1.2014.


Visit of Senior Officers to Foreign Countries

Shri Pankaj Jain, Secretary, MDWS had visited Sweden, Spain, Israel, Bhutan, Nepal and Indonesia to study water and sanitation related activities being taken up and special focus being provided on drinking water quality.

Shri Satyabrata Sahu, JS(W) visited Indonesia leading an officials delegation in September, 2013 to see the water supply & sanitation projects.

The study tour to Brazil was organised by World Bank and it was represented by the Senior officials from Sectoral line Ministry of GoI (i.e. MoDWS), the Planning Commission and Senior officials from each of the four participating states of Low Income States(LIS) RWSS Projects.

RURAL SANITATION PROGRAMME (RSP)


Safe sanitation is an essential requirement for the well being of every society. Though India has come a long way in improving its sanitation coverage status, it is still well short of desired levels. The Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA) launched in 2012, by modifying the erstwhile Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC), is a community-led and people-oriented programme aimed at universalizing safe sanitation.

3.1 Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA)In 2012, a paradigm shift was made in the Total Sanitation Campaign (TSC), by launching the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA), in the XII Five Year Plan. The objective of NBA is to achieve sustainable behavioral change with provision of sanitary facilities in entire communities in a phased, saturation mode with Nirmal Grams as outcomes.

The Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA) lays strong emphasis on Information, Education and Communication (IEC), capacity building and hygiene education for effective behavioural change covering the entire community for saturated outcomes with a view to create Nirmal Gram Panchayats with the involvement of PRIs, Community Based Organizations (CBOs), Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs), etc.

The new strategy is to transform rural India into Nirmal Bharat by adopting community saturation approach. The goal under NBA is to achieve safe sanitation for 50% rural households by 2017 and to all rural households by 2022.

3.2 Provision under Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan (NBA) Under the NBA, the provision of incentive for Individual Household Latrine units is available

to all BPL households.

Incentives are also available to APL households belonging to the following categories

i) SCs,

ii) STs,

iii) small and marginal farmers,

iv) landless labourers with homesteads,

v) physically challenged

vi) women headed households along-with all BPL households.

The provision of incentives to Individual Household Latrines are the following:

Incentive of Rs. 3200/- and 1400/- for each toilet (Rs. 3700/- and Rs. 1400/- in case of hilly and difficult areas) is given by Central and State Government respectively, to the BPL households and identified Above Poverty Line (APL) households w.e.f.01.4.2012.

In addition to the incentives under the NBA, upto Rs. 5400 is available under Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme for construction of IHHLs.

RURAL SANITATION PROGRAMME (RSP)3


Under the NBA, assistance of Rs. 35000/- (Rs. 38500/- for hilly and difficult areas) is available for the construction of a toilet unit in schools.

Assistance of Rs. 8000/- (Rs. 10000/- for hilly and difficult areas) is available for Anganwadi toilets with the cost shared by Central and State Government in the ratio of 70:30.

Provision of upto Rs. 2,00,000/- is available for construction of Community Sanitary Complexes with cost sharing between Centre, State and Community in the ratio of 60:30:10.

Under NBA, assistance is available to setup Production Centres of sanitary materials and Rural Sanitary Marts.

Support exists for Solid and Liquid Waste Management (SLWM) in project mode for each Gram Panchayat (GP) with financial assistance capped for a GP on number of household basis, to enable all panchayats to implement sustainable SLWM projects. Rs. 7/12/15/20 lakh is available for Gram Panchayats having up to 150/300/500/ more than 500 households, on a Centre and State/GP sharing ratio of 70:30. Projects to be prioritized in identified GPs targeted for nirmal status and those that have already been awarded the Nirmal Gram Puraskar (NGP). Any additional cost requirement is to be met from the State/GP.

Funds for capacity building of all stakeholders including Panchayati Raj Institutions(PRIs) and field level implementers have been earmarked under the revised strategy.

Implementation of a Sanitation and Hygiene Communication Strategy with focus on Inter-Personal Communication.

Best Practice 1.

Strategy for Achieving Open Defecation Free Villages in Jharkhand

Based on the experience of Gadri village in Ranchi

The Drinking Water and Sanitation Department, Jharkhand, has adopted a new strategy, which was demonstrated with UNICEF support in Ranchi district of Jharkhand. UNICEF engaged the NGO ACE (Action for Community Empowerment) to demonstrate the strategy. Gadri village of Nehalu Kapadia Panchayat was taken up as the first village for the demonstration of this strategy. The concept of targeting the community as a whole, as against the earlier approach to focus on individual households, was a critical shift. This challenging task was led by the Panchayats. Evidently, the role of the facilitating NGO became critical in supporting the PaWnchayats first to mobilize the community and thereafter mobilizing funds to achieve total sanitation coverage and use. At this juncture, the provision of accessing the Revolving Fund was the key innovation of the demonstration process. The Village Water and Sanitation Committee (VWSC), a statutory body constituted under the provisions of the Panchayati Raj Act, is the village-level executing agency of the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan. The Mukhiya of the Gram Panchayat is the President of the VWSC and the Jal Sahiya (the female grassroots worker), as prescribed by the national guideline of the Nirmal Bharat Abhiyan, was deputed as the treasurer of the VWSC.

The task of the facilitating NGO was to strengthen the capacity of the VWSC, vis--vis the Mukhiya of the Gram Panchayat, to foster community mobilization on one hand and liaison with the District


Water and Sanitation Committee (DWSC), on the other. The Mukhiya, after ascertaining the commitment of the entire village, that is, 100 percent households to strive towards achieving ODF status and simultaneously the construction of sanitary toilets in each household, worked out the total cost of the project. Subsequently, the VWSC submitted a proposal to the DWSC for a loan to initiate the project. Individual households thereafter contributed to meet the total project cost. This included labor cost, though in many cases the labor component was contributed directly by the beneficiary households.

Implementation of the Strategy - The process of toilet construction was preceded by extensive community mobilization activities led by the Panchayats. While implementing the sanitation program, it was perceived that households have a natural attraction towards high quality construction. As toilets were coming up in the village with robust superstructures, there was an immense demand for improving the design of the superstructure and the beneficiary households were willing to invest on their assets. ACE, the NGO involved in facilitation, made several innovations in toilet construction; for instance, having a common wall for adjacent toilets belonging to siblings who belonged to separate households. In this manner the unit cost of the toilets was reduced. Cost optimization was primarily based on restricting wastage, planning for construction in scale, and avoiding over-designing of basic components (such as the platform of the toilet, cover of the leech pit, doors, and roofs. Once the construction phase was completed and the village was declared ODF, the VWSC prepared a list of households in the village who were eligible for NBA subsidy and submitted a proposal to the DWSC, requesting for the subsidy fund.

Eventually, on 13 May 2013, Gadri was declared ODF. A celebration was held in the village, organized by the VWSC. During this celebration, the Additional Chief Secretary of the Drinking Water and Sanitation Department handed over the NBA subsidy amount, adjusted with the loan provided through the revolving funds. The Jal Sahiya also received the incentive amount.


3.3 Sanitation Coverage Census 2011 has reported that sanitation coverage in rural India has reached 32.70% taking into consideration the increased population.

Census 2011 has also reported an increase in 2.96 crore households in rural areas as compared to census 2001.

The NSSO-2012 report has estimated that 40.6% of rural households have sanitation facilities.

3.4 Physical Progress Cumulative Against a cumulative Project objective under TSC/NBA, of 12.57 crore Individual Household Latrines (IHHL), States have reported on the Online Monitoring System that, sanitation facilities for 9.45 crore individual households has been achieved as on December 2013. The state-wise % achievement as reported by the States on the online Management Information System of the Ministry is given below:-

BPL :- Below Poverty Line


APL :- Above Poverty Line

In addition to the above 27,151 Community Sanitary Complexes have been constructed in the country so far.

In addition to individual household toilets, NBA also lays emphasis on school sanitation. Since inception of the sanitation programme, a total of 13.25 lakh school toilet units have been reported to be constructed as of December 2013. 96% of the cumulative project objectives have been achieved.

School toilet Anganwadi toilet

Samilarly, provision of sanitary facilities in Anganwadis is also an important component of the NBA. A total of 4,63,057 Anganwadi toilets have been reported to be constructed as of December 2013. 87% of the original cu mulative project objectives have been achieved. The state-wise % achievement is given below:-


Annual Physical Progress

The annual physical progress of construction of IHHLs, School Toilets, Anganwadi Toilets and Community Sanitary complexes under the TSC/NBA in the years 2012-13 and 2013-14 (upto Dec, 2013) is as below :

Year IHHLs School toilets Anganwadi toilets Community Sanitary Complex

2012-13 4,559,162 76,396 36,677 1,995

2013-14 (Upto Dec, 2013)

29,08,463 24,658 14,816 958

State-wise details are at Annexure-IV and V.

3.5 Financial ProgressUnder the TSC/NBA, districts prepare Project Implementation Plans (PIPs). The total value of the 607 approved District Projects is Rs. 22,672.36 crore. Central, State and beneficiary shares of the projects are Rs. 14,888.92 crore, Rs. 5,549.20 crore and Rs. 2,234.24 crore respectively. An amount of Rs.11,638.59 crore has already been released by the Government of India for implementation of these projects, out of which Rs. 9,600.76 crore has been utilized as reported by the States.

State/UT-wise details is at Annexure-VI.

Annual Financial Progress

The availability and utilization of funds under the NBA in 2012-13 and 2013-14(Upto December 2013) is as below.

(Amount in Rs. Cr.)

Year Opening Balance available

with States

Funds available

under the NBA

Funds Utilised Total Funds

Available with States

Funds Utilised by States

Balance funds

available with States at end of the year

By MDWS

Funds Released

to the States

2012-13 1278.82 2500.00 34.83 2438.46 3717.28 1524.19 2193.09

2013-14 (Upto Dec,

2013)

2338.80 2300.00 44.22 1403.77 3742.57 1183.13 2559.44

Statewise details are at Annexure - VII & VIII.


3.6 Activities of Importance Undertaken During 2013-14i) National Conference on Sociology of Sanitation

On 28 th J anuar y 2013 , Su labh International organized the National Conference on Sociology of Sanitation. Addressing the Conference, Shri Bharat Sinh Solanki, Hon. MoS(i/c) Ministr y of Drinking Water and Sanitation highlighted the policy of the Government of India in tackling the sanitation problems of rural India. He highlighted the action taken by the Ministry under the NBA and the successes achieved under the programme.

ii) Annual Sectoral discussions on Rural Drinking Water & Sanitation on 11th April,2013 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi

Ministry organized official level annual sectoral discussions on rural drinking water & sanitation under the Chairmanship of Shri Pankaj Jain, Secretary, Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation on 11th April, 2013 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi.

Secretary, MDWS highlighted the increased allocation for rural sanitation under the 12th Plan and said that sufficient funds are now available with the States for implementation of NBA. The States must accordingly fix higher targets under the Annual Implementation Plan being planned by States. The AIP targets should include District-wise targets provided by the States. Apart from AIP targets, States should prepare long term strategic Action plan on Sanitation in their States. Gujarat has already prepared Strategic Plan for 15 years. States were urged to deliberate on the new challenges in NBA implementation. These are issues of dysfunctional toilets, problem of convergence of NBA with MGNREGS, inclusion of bathing space with toilets, completion of targets for construction of school and Anganwadi toilets, quality of school toilet units, slip-back villages questioning the sustainability of NGP, selection of NGP awardees by States, increased focus by States on IEC activities.


iii) Review meeting with State Principal Secretaries/Secretaries In-charge of Rural Sanitation on 12th April, 2013 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi

Review meeting with State Principal Secretaries/Secretaries In-charge of Rural Sanitation was held at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi on 12th April, 2013 with the multiple aims of reviewing the progress of implementation of the NBA including school sanitation targets, progress of survey and conversion of insanitary latrines into sanitary latrines, progress of Baseline Survey and preparation of revised Project Implementation Plans(PIPs). The Joint Secretary gave a presentation on the status of the Baseline survey and the initial findings reflected in them.

Regarding identification of dysfunctional toilets under the baseline survey, the States elaborated on how they were going ahead and the checking each and every toilet in the GP.

The Ministry reiterated that open defecation was a national shame and said that the States have to streamline their interventions and give due importance in tackling this issue. The Government of India is committed to making the Country ODF free and there was no lack of resources or intention from the side of the central government.

iv) Practitioners Workshop for developing a National Policy Frame Work on

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