Dresser-Rand GFC Databook_ Gas Field Policies-2

2/12/13 Dresser-Rand GFC Databook: Gas Field Policies

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Comments to API 618, 4th Edition - 22

API 618 4th EDITION, JUNE 1995,COMMENTS EXCEPTIONS

DRESSER-RAND A-VIP COMPRESSOR

Dresser-Rand builds compressors in basic compliance with this edition of API-618. Our experience hasshow that a few of the requirements do not add commensurate life or reliability and therefore thefollowing clarifications are indicated.

2.1.1

The compressors offered are designed and constructed for a minimum service life of 20years. They are suitable for continuous full load duty for at least 3 years between majoroverhauls, and should only require replacement of recognized wear components (rings,valves, packing, oil filters, etc.) during this period. Dresser-Rand strongly recommends thatnormal published maintenance schedules be followed.

2.1.2If required, we can furnish typical or expected noise level data for this equipment. Thesenoise levels may not comply with the requirements of API 615.

2.1.3Cooling systems will be designed to meet cooling requirements of the installed equipmentwhich may allow for conditions other than those shown.

2.1.12Unless specifically stated otherwise, capacity may vary by �3% of estimated performanceand in compliance with GFP-2.

2.3.1The maximum predicted temperature shall not exceed 300�F (Adiabatic) and 350�F(Actual). In hydrogen rich service the maximum predicted temperature shall not exceed275�F (Adiabatic) and 300�F (Actual).

2.4.2The gas loading that is used against the compressor maximum gas load rating is based onflange to flange pressures.

2.4.3Dresser-Rand complies with this. The standard D-R SIZE performance output includesFlange gas loads (based on 0 & 180 deg) and combined rod loads which are maximum over360 deg. A table of these data is included in the Compressor Rod Load output.

D-R will perform a torsional analysis on engine driven units only if: a) The engine'scharacteristics are unknown to us, b) the engine has no vibration damper, c) the drive train

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2.5.1 includes a reducing gear, d) the customer requests a torsional analysis. All electric motorand turbine gear driven compressors require a torsional analysis. Lateral vibrations are notconsidered.

2.6.2.1 On packaged units, smaller cylinders are normally supported only from the outer end of thedistance piece.

2.6.2.2 Nozzle-Loading limits will only be supplied if required by the customer.

2.6.2.3 Liners are not available for VIP Cylinders.

2.6.2.4 The overbore allowance on cylinders is 0.062 over the original diameter.

2.6.2.5 The finish for compressor cylinder bores is 32 RMS.

2.6.2.6 TFE coating on running bore is typically not done.

2.6.2.8 Valve cages are not necessary on VIP cylinders.

2.6.2.11.3D-R will use ASTM A 193 Grade B7 or B7M studs and ASTM A 194 Grade 2H or 2HM nutsfor all applications regardless of suction temperature. If required by the customer due to gasconditions, D-R may use Carpenter Custom 450.

2.6.2.13 Drain connections will be plugged.

2.6.3.1 Cylinders with water jackets are not available for the VIP cylinder.

2.6.3.2 All VIP cylinders are gas-cooled.

2.6.4.4Dresser-Rand standard is 90 RMS or 100 - 150 circular finish. Cylinder inlet/outlet flangesare ANSI standard.

2.6.4.6Cylinder indicator pressure taps are provided in each end of the cylinder. Theseconnections are plugged. A sleeve is not required or provided.

2.7.10Metal plates are not used. D-R Hi-Temp� (PEEK) Plates are used on all valves regardlessof the discharge pressure.

2.7.12Currently the only unloading is by valve removal. It is possible through a special cylindercasting modification to install a port unloader on outer end and frame end.

2.8.1 The piston rod is not positively locked to the crosshead.

2.8.4Piston rods for VIP cylinders are not coated or hardened. A tungsten carbide coating(TC3�) is available at extra cost.

2.8.5 The appropriate information is available if required.

2.9.6The crosshead is Dresser-Rand's patented I-beam design which is light weight, and lightlyloaded. The shoes are integral with the crosshead and not adjustable.



2.10.1 All VIP frames are supplied as standard without a distance piece.

2.10.1.1 The optional distance piece satisfies the Type A definition.

2.10.1.2 The optional distance piece satisfies the Type B definition.

2.10.1.3 The type C arrangement is not available.

2.10.4

The distance pieces are designed for a maximum pressure of 25 PSIG. Higher pressuresare available if specified by customer. Although the intermediate is designed and willwithstand a differential pressure of 25 PSI it is recommended that the process be designedfor a differential pressure of 10 PSI. This will allow for a proper cylinder end vent and frameend purge without exceeding the MAWP.

2.10.5

On packaged units a common vent/drain may be utilized at the bottom of the distancepiece, if the gas is heavier than air. Vent or other external connections may be smaller thanthe dimensions specified. Packing gland cooling connections are inlet at the bottom of thedistance piece and outlet at the top to avoid formation of air pockets in the packing.

2.11.4.2

Water cooling for the packing is not utilized for standard VIP cylinders. Water cooling withtotally enclosed cups is utilized for: a) Nonlubricated, nonmetallic packing rings and aMAWP over 250 PSIG. b) Lubricated, nonmetallic packing rings and a MAWP over 1750PSIG.

2.11.4.3 Packing cases for cylinders with MAWP over 500 PSIG will be suitable for liquid cooling.

2.11.4.4As packaged, separable compressor has its own stand alone closed cooling water system,a strainer is not fitted in the packing cooling circuit. Dresser-Rand suggests the Purchaserto check and maintain water quality in accordance with the Service manuals.

2.11.5D-R will recommend proper cooling requirements, however, installation and implementationof cooling will be a requirement of packager.

2.11.8 To comply, a distance piece is required.

2.12.1For pressurized oil systems, temperatures up to 180�F are acceptable provided the propergrade of oil is being used.

2.12.2 Lubricating system is not built in accordance with API-614.

2.12.3 An inlet strainer can be provided at an additional cost.

2.12.3.1Prelube pump casing is cast iron. Shell and tube coolers utilize cast iron bonnets. Oilpiping is carbon steel upstream of the filter, stainless steel downstream, with carbon steelfittings.

2.12.5 Control valves are part of an oil console which when specified is a packager requirement.

2.12.6 Dual filters are optional and available at additional cost.

An electric type immersion heater with a watt density of 15 watts per square inch is



2.12.7 available at additional cost.

2.12.8 An oil level bullseye type sightglass is fitted to the frame.

2.13.1.1 The standard lubrication system is a Divider Block system.

2.13.1.4

An electric type immersion heater with a watt density of 15 watts per square inch isavailable at additional cost. This can be provided on systems which draw oil from thereservoir box. It is not available for systems that are pressure fed from the frame lube oil(standard).

2.13.1.5 Available only on lubricators that draw oil from the reservoir box and at additional cost.

2.13.1.6 An electric no-flow switch is provided as standard on our divider block lubrication system.

2.13.1.8Lube-oil injection is provided through holes drilled in both frame end and outer end of thecylinder. No internal tubing is required. Larger bore cylinders have this injection on both topand bottom of the cylinder.

2.13.2.3 Any reservoir with 30 hour capacity will be the requirement of the packager.

2.13.2.4 This type alarm is available at additional cost.

2.14.1.10

Dresser-Rand does not consider external fasteners or fasteners internal to the distancepiece to fall within NACE guideline. Therefore, we do not require or recommend specialbolting for these components, however, we can supply if required in specifications at anadditional cost.

2.14.2.1

The material pressure limits shown are arbitrary and do not take into account the higherintegrity in small bore cylinders and the experience in gas field. On small diametercylinders cast iron is used with MAWP up to 1925 PSIG and Nodular Iron is used withMAWP up to 2800 PSIG.

2.14.3.5.1 Charpy V-notch test is not included.

2.14.3.5.4Brinell hardness readings are taken at the crankend and headend of cylinder castings.Readings at other locations are not feasible and are not considered necessary.

2.14.4Forged steel cylinders are AISI 4132 or AISI 4131 which exceeds the properties of ASTM A668.

2.15.2 Rotation arrows are not supplied.

2.15.3 The purchaser's tag number does not appear on the nameplate.

2.15.6 Customary and SI units are shown on all nameplates.

4.3.2.2a It is not a Dresser-Rand requirement to Helium test cylinders for H2S service.

4.3.2.2b A gas leakage test is not conducted as standard, only hydrotest.



4.3.4.1 Rod Runnout is measured and held within vendor guidelines.


DRESSER-RAND B-VIP COMPRESSOR


2.1.1






2.4.2The gas loading that is used against the compressor maximum gas load rating, is based onflange to flange pressures.

2.4.3Dresser-Rand complies with this. This standard D-R SIZE performance output includesFlange gas loads (based on 0 & 180 deg.) and combined rod loads which are maximumover 360 deg. A table of these data is included in the Compressor Rod Load output.

2.5.1

D-R will perform a torsional analysis on engine driven units only if: a) The engine'scharacteristics are unknown to us, b) the engine has no vibration damper, c) the drive trainincludes a reducing gear, d) the customer requests a torsional analysis. All electric motorand turbine gear driven compressors require a torsional analysis. Lateral vibrations are notconsidered.

2.6.2.1On packaged units, smaller cylinders are normally supported only from the outer end of thedistance piece.









2.6.2.11.3D-Rwill use ASTM A 193 Grade B7 or B7M studs and ASTM A 194 Grade 2H or 2HM nutsfor all applications regardless of suction temperature. If required by the customer due to gasconditions, D-R may use Carpenter Custom 450.


2.6.3.1 Cylinders with water jackets are not available for the VIP compressor.














2.10.4




2.10.5


2.11.4.2

Water cooling for the packing is not utilized for standard VIP cylinders. Water cooling withtotally enclosed cups is utilized for: a) Nonlubricated, nonmetallic packing rings and aMAWP over 250 PSIG. b) Lubricated, nonmetallic packing rings and a MAWP over 1750PSIG.











2.12.7 An electric type immersion heater with a watt density of 15 watts per square inch isavailable at additional cost.



2.13.1.2 The cylinder lubricator is chain driven from the crankshaft.

2.13.1.4









2.14.1.10


2.14.2.1












DRESSER-RAND C-VIP COMPRESSOR




2.1.1








2.5.1


2.6.2.1Onpackaged units, smaller cylinders are normally supported only from the outer end of thedistance piece.




















2.9.1 The 5 VIP 4 & 4 VIP 4 crankshafts are 2 piece.

2.9.2 All frames have tapered roller type anti-friction bearings.






2.10.4


2.10.5


2.11.4.2

Water cooling for the packing is not utilized for standard VIP cylinders. Water cooling withtotally enclosed cups is utilized for: a) Nonlubricated, nonmetallic packing rings and a



MAWP over 250 PSIG. b) Lubricated, nonmetallic packing rings and a MAWP over 1750PSIG.











2.12.7An electric type immersion heater with a watt density of 15 watts per square inch isavailable at additional cost.




2.13.1.4









2.14.1.10


2.14.2.1












DRESSER-RAND D-VIP COMPRESSOR


2.1.1










2.5.1


2.6.2.1Onpackaged units, smaller cylinders are normally supported only from the outer end of thedistance piece. Piston rod runout may exceed .00015 in. per inch of stroke.


















2.8.3

D-VIP cylinders are furnished with a 2 to 4 piece angle cut carbon-glass-carbon filledTeflon� ring which shall do double duty as both rider ring and piston ring. This ring, piston,and rod assembly shall have a bearing pressure below 12 psi. Other, more conventional,rider band designs are available; but because of the compact design of D-VIP cylinder,these rider bands may overrun part or all of the valve port area. 5 PSI bearing loads andbelow are usually very difficult to design for use with D-VIP cylinder.

2.8.4As standard, all piston rods will be induction hardened in the area of packing travel. Atungsten carbide coating (TC3�) is available at extra cost.


2.9.6The standard crosshead is ASTM A 536 Grade 65-45-12. This material offers higherstrength, durability and castibility than the cast steel.

2.10.1.1The standard 13" distance piece satisfies the Type A definition for cylinder sizes 8" andless.

2.10.1.2

The standard 13" distance piece satisfies the Type B definition for cylinder sizes 9.5" andgreater. This version is also available with purged packing and scraper to provide the samefunction as a Type D distance piece. The length of this arrangement also depends oncylinder bore size and application.

2.10.1.3 The Type C arrangement is not available.

2.10.1.4This distance piece is usually provided as a short/long, i.e. the long distance piece is onthe cylinder end. This is to provide sufficient space to maintain the cylinder packing.

2.10.4

The distance pieces are designed for a maximum pressure of 25 PSIG. Higher pressuresare available if specified by customer. Although the intermediate is designed and willwithstand a differential pressure of 25 PSI, it is recommended that the process be designedfor a differential pressure of 10 PSI. This will allow for a proper cylinder end vent and frameend purge without exceeding the MAWP.

2.10.5


2.11.4.2Water cooling with totally enclosed cups is utilized for: a) Nonlubricated, nonmetallicpacking rings and a MAWP over 250 PSIG. b) Lubricated, nonmetallic packing rings and aMAWP over 800 PSIG.




2.11.4.4As packaged, separable compressor has its own stand alone closed cooling water system,a strainer is not fitted in the packing cooling circuit. Dresser-Rand suggests the Purchasercheck and maintain water quality in accordance with the Service manuals.





2.12.3.3 The auxilliary oil pump, if specified, is a requirement of the packager.






2.13.1.4




2.13.1.8All cylinders except forged steel cylinders have lube points through piping provided withinthe gas passages.



2.13.3.3Only one outlet contains an indicator pin. A pressure gauge is not provided. A cyclemonitor is not provided.



2.14.1.10 Dresser-Rand does not consider external fasteners or fasteners internal to the distancepiece to fall within NACE guideline. Therefore, we do not require or recommend specialbolting for these components, however, we can supply if required in specifications.

2.14.2.1












DRESSER-RAND HOS COMPRESSOR


2.1.1




Unless specifically stated otherwise, capacity may vary by �3% of estimated performance



2.1.12 and in compliance with GFP-2.




2.5.1


2.6.1.3Some of the larger patterns, when placed side by side, do not allow access to water jacketcovers. Some types of unloaders on large cylinders placed side by side cause trouble forremoving.

2.6.2.1Some large cylinders require a cylinder support which attaches to the outer head. Onpackaged units, smaller cylinders are normally supported only from the outer end of thedistance piece. Piston rod runout may exceed .00015. in per inch of stroke.


2.6.2.3Cylinders will normally be supplied without liners. Minimum liner thickness is .25" forcylinders up to 9.5" diameter.




2.6.2.11.3D-R uses ASTM A 193 Grade B7 or B7M studs and ASTM A 194 Grade 2H or 2HM nuts forall applications regardless of suction temperature. If required by the customer due to gasconditions, D-R may use 17-4 PH (stainless steel).

2.6.2.11.5 The crosshead pin retaining bolt utilizes a tab washer as a positive locking method.


2.6.3.1Cylinders with water jackets are available at additional cost. All forms of cooling can beaccommodated by these cylinder water jackets.

2.6.3.2 Gas-cooled cylinders are D-R standard and will be provided unless otherwise specified.

The clamshell type cylinder patterns have interconnecting water jackets between outer



2.6.3.4 head and cylinder body.

2.6.3.5 When specified, any coolant system will be provided by the packager.

2.6.4.3

Transition pieces are not supplied as standard. They can be supplied if required by thepackager. They will be designed as a transition from the cylinder connection size to anobround weld neck connection. The packager will then weld the piece directly to hispressure vessel.



2.7.3

The hole for the nose of the discharge valve is smaller than the inlet hole in the cylinder. Ifan inlet valve is installed in a discharge hole, it will not seat as the nose of the valve islarger than the hole. Consequently the valve cover will project further than normal and thiswill be visually apparent to the mechanic installing the valve. Corrective action should betaken. We believe this conforms with the requirement of this clause.


2.7.12.2 Unloaders of any type will be considered applicable for both start-up and capacity control.


2.8.3

Cylinders are furnished with combination ring which performs double duty as both rider ringand piston ring. This ring, piston, and rod assembly shall have a bearing pressure below 12psi. Other, more conventional, rider band designs are available; but because of the compactdesign of the cylinder, these rider bands may overrun part or all of the valve port area. 5 PSIbearing loads and below are usually very difficult to design for use with the cylinder withouta liner.

2.8.4As standard all piston rods will be induction hardened in the area of interest. A tungstencarbide coating (TC3�) is available at extra cost.



2.10.1.2

The standard 13" distance piece satisfies the Type B definition for cylinder sizes 9.5" andgreater. For cylinder sizes 8" and less, then an 18" distance piece is required. This versionis also available with purged packing and scraper to provide the same function as a Type Ddistance piece. The length of this arrangement also depends on cylinder bore size andapplication.


This distance piece is usually provided as a short/long, i.e. the long distance piece is on



2.10.1.4 the cylinder end. This is to provide sufficient space to maintain the cylinder packing.

2.10.4


2.10.5





2.12.1For pressurized oil systems temperatures up to 180�F are acceptable provided the propergrade of oil is being used.


2.12.3.1Shell and tube coolers utilize cast iron bonnets. Oil piping is carbon steel upstream of thefilter, stainless steel downstream, with carbon steel fittings.

2.12.3.3 The auxiliary oil pump if specified is a requirement of the packager.






2.13.1.4










2.14.1.10Dresser-Rand does not consider external fasteners or fasteners internal to the distancepiece to fall within NACE guideline. Therefore, we do not require or recommend specialbolting for these components, however, we can supply if required in specifications.

2.14.2.1The material pressure limits shown are arbitrary and do not take into account the higherintegrity in small bore cylinders and the experience in gas field. On small diametercylinders nodular Iron is used with MAWP up to 2750 PSIG.









4.3.4.1Suction valves may be removed for no-load mechanical run test prior to rod runoutmeasurement.


DRESSER-RAND HOSS COMPRESSOR




2.1.1








2.5.1


2.6.1.3Some of the larger patterns, when placed side by side, do not allow access to water jacketcovers. Some types of unloaders on large cylinders placed side by side cause trouble forremoving.

2.6.2.1Some large cylinders require a cylinder support which attaches to the outer head. Onpackaged units, smaller cylinders are normally supported only from the outer end of thedistance piece. Piston rod runout may exceed .00015. in per inch of stroke.


2.6.2.3Cylinders will normally be supplied without liners. Minimum liner thickness is .25" forcylinders up to 9.5" diameter.




2.6.2.11.3D-R uses ASTM A 193 Grade B7 or B7M studs and ASTM A 194 Grade 2H or 2HM nuts forall applications regardless of suction temperature. If required by the customer due to gas



conditions, D-R may use 17-4 PH (stainless steel).



2.6.3.4The clamshell type cylinder patterns have interconnecting water jackets between outerhead and cylinder body.

2.6.3.5 When specified, any coolant system will be provided by the packager.

2.6.4.3

Transition pieces are not supplied as standard. They can be supplied if required by thepackager. They will be designed as a transition from the cylinder connection size to anobround weld neck connection. The packager will then weld the piece directly to hispressure vessel.



2.7.3





2.8.3

Cylinders are furnished with combination ring which performs double duty as both rider ringand piston ring. This ring, piston, and rod assembly shall have a bearing pressure below 12psi. Other, more conventional, rider band designs are available; but because of the compactdesign of the cylinder, these rider bands may overrun part or all of the valve port area. 5 PSIbearing loads and below are usually very difficult to design for use with the cylinder withouta liner.




The standard 16" distance piece satisfies the Type B definition for cylinder sizes 9.5" and



2.10.1.2 greater. For cylinder sizes 8" and less, then an 22" distance piece is required. This versionis also available with purged packing and scraper to provide the same function as a Type Ddistance piece. The length of this arrangement also depends on cylinder bore size andapplication.


2.10.1.4This distance piece is usually provided as a short/long, i.e. the long distance piece is onthe cylinder end. This is to provide sufficient space to maintain the cylinder packing.

2.10.4


2.10.5







2.12.3.1Shell and tube coolers utilize cast iron bonnets. Oil piping is carbon steel upstream of thefilter, stainless steel downstream, with carbon steel fittings.

2.12.3.3 The auxiliary oil pump if specified is a requirement of the packager.








2.13.1.4









2.14.2.1The material pressure limits shown are arbitrary and do not take into account the higherintegrity in small bore cylinders and the experience in gas field. On small diametercylinders nodular Iron is used with MAWP up to 2750 PSIG.








4.3.4.1Suction valves may be removed for no-load mechanical run test prior to rod runoutmeasurement.


DRESSER-RAND BOS COMPRESSOR




2.1.1








2.5.1


2.6.2.1All cylinders require a cylinder support which attaches to the outer end. Piston rod runoutmay exceed .00015. in per inch of stroke.


2.6.2.3 Cylinders will normally be supplied with liners.




2.6.2.11.3D-R uses ASTM A 193 Grade B7 or B7M studs and ASTM A 194 Grade 2H or 2HM nuts forall applications regardless of suction temperature. If required by the customer due to gas



conditions, D-R may use Carpenter Custom 450.



2.6.3.2 Gas-cooled cylinders are D-R standard and will be provided unless otherwise specified.

2.6.4.3

Transition pieces are not supplied as standard. Dimensions for fabrication can be supplied ifrequired by the packager. They will be designed as a transition from the cylinder connectionsize to an obround weld neck connection. The packager will then weld the piece directly tohis pressure vessel.

2.6.4.4 Dresser-Rand standard is 90 RMS or 100 - 150 circular finish. Cylinder inlet/outlet flangesare ANSI standard.


2.7.3


2.7.10Metal plates are not used. D-R Hi-Temp� (PEEK) type elements or (PEEK) Plates areused on all valves regardless of the discharge pressure.



2.8.2 Standard hollow pistons are not self-venting.

2.8.3

BOS cylinders are furnished with a 2 to 4 piece angle cut carbon-glass-carbon filledTeflon� ring which shall do double duty as both rider ring and piston ring. This ring, piston,and rod assembly shall have a bearing pressure below 12 psi. Other, more conventional,rider band designs are available; but because of the compact design of BOS cylinder, theserider bands may overrun part or all of the valve port area. 5 PSI bearing loads and below areusually very difficult to design for use with BOS cylinder.




2.10.1.1 The standard 17" distance piece satisfies the Type A definition.

The standard 17" distance piece satisfies the Type B definition. For cylinder sizes 8" and



2.10.1.2 less, then an 18" distance piece is required. This version is also available with purgedpacking and scraper to provide the same function as a Type D distance piece. The length ofthis arrangement also depends on cylinder bore size and application.


2.10.1.4 The Type D arrangement is not available.

2.10.4


2.10.5









2.12.3.3 The auxiliary oil pump, if specified, is a requirement of the packager.









2.13.1.4









2.14.2.1The material pressure limits shown are arbitrary and do not take into account the higherintegrity in small bore cylinders and the experience in gas field. On small diametercylinders nodular iron is used with MAWP up to 2750 PSIG.









4.3.4.1 Rod Runout is measured and held within vendor guidelines.

Dresser-Rand GFC Databook_ Gas Field Policies-2

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