26th Annual RSS Client Appreciation

August 2016

Agenda

• Control de la mortalidad pre-destete

• Welfare animal

05/01/2023

3

Control De La Mortalidad Pre-Destete

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Mortalidad Pre-Destete DecodificadaBasado en el Lechon al Nacimiento

Dead 1-3 d WeanedPeso al nacimiento (lbs) 2.4

(1.1 kg)3.1

(1.4 kg)Orden al nacimiento 7.7 7.2Intervalo de tiempo (min) 13.7 13.8Envuelto en placenta 3% 2%Cordon umbical roto 20% 13%Dificultad al respirar 13% 2%

Modified from Devillers, Dividich and Prunier (2011)

Dead 1-3 d

Weaned

Ingesta de calostro (lbs) 0.32(147 grs)

0.73(333 grs)

Ganancia de peso (lb) -0.04(-18 grs)

0.230(104 grs)

Temperatura rectal 97.9o F(36.6o C)

100.2o F(37.9o C)

Cortisol (ng/ML) 484 275IgG (mg/ML) 16.9 24.3Glucosa (mg/L) 758 1,048Lactato (mmol/L) 6,405 5,147

Modified from Devillers, Dividich and Prunier (2011)

Mortalidad Pre-Destete DecodificadaBasado en el Lechon al Nacimiento

Entendiendo El Desafio

• Hipotermia es la mayor causa de mortalidad en lechones recien nacidos y predispone a otras causas de mortalidad.

• La duracion de la hipotermia tiene un impacto negativo en la supervivencia del lechon.

Hypothermia

•Colostrums’ intake.

•Environment.•Birth Weight.

Lethargy

•Energy Loss.

•Shivering.

Dead

• La recuperacion de la hipotermina neonatal se basa en dos mecanismos:

AmbienteConservar el calor

• Temperatura de la sala

• Temperatura de la zona de descanso

• Secado de lechones

LechonProduccion de calor

• Consumo de calostro

• Temblar • Peso al

nacimiento

Entendiendo El Desafio

• Birth weight largely determine piglets survivability.

.

a

b

a A

A,BB

(Adapted of Effect of birth weight on robustness traits – PIC Tech Memo 338 – ES041)

Entendiendo El Desafio

1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.50

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

100Piglet survivability v. Birth weight

Birth Weight (Lb)

% S

urvi

vabi

lity

Distribucion Del Peso Al Nacimiento

©PICPIC Tech Memo 338 – ES 041

Birth To Nurse Interval (BNI)

• Es el intervalo de tiempo desde que el lechon nace hasta que toma calostro por primera vez.

Al nacimiento• Humedos• Envuelto en placenta

Reaccion a la hipotermia• Apilados• En la fuente de calor• En la esquina

Interaccion con la ubre• Primer contacto• Primera ingesta de calostro

Durancion BNI

BNI – Factores Limitantes

• Su duracion dependera de la interaccion de estos factores.

Ambiente• Temperatura • Corrientes de aire

• Temperatura de la zona de descanso

Calidad de la cerda• Calidad de la ubre

• Exposicion de la ubre

• Cambios posturales durante el parto

Posicion• En la espalda de la cerda

• En la ubre de la cerda

Calidad del lechon• Peso al nacimiento

• Vitalidad - Hipoxia

• Cordon umbilical roto.

BNI Length

BNI Resultados Preliminares

Key Point(s) Lechones mas pesados tienen menor BNI

BW < 2 Lb BW Between 2.1 - 3.0 Lb BW > 3.1 Lb0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

BNI length v. Birth weight

BNI,

Min

utes

Non assisted farrowings

• Birth to nursing interval sobre 60 minutos, incrementa PWM. (Decaluwe et al., 2014)

.

< 30 min. 31 - 60 min. > 60 min.0

5

10

15

20

25

4.1

12.8

19.4

Pre-weaning Mortality by Birth – To – Nurse Interval Length

PWM% at D3

Birth to Nurse Interval Length

% P

WM

a

b

a

A,B

(Adapted of Decaluwe et al., 2014)< 30 min – N:29031 – 60 min – N:86>60 min – N:67A,b; P<0.05

Entendiendo El Desafio

Mostrarles Donde Comer • Definicion – Sostener al lechon recien nacido con

nuestras manos y ayudarlo hasta conectar con la ubre de su madre.

• Normalmente toma 30 – 60 segundos

− Al nacimiento.

− A los 30 min.

• Es una herramienta para permitir a los lechones mas pequenos mamar sin competencia por 90 min.

• La clave del exito:

– Identificar lechones mas pequenos – barrigas vacias.

– Entrenarlos a comer cada 30 min durante el turno de encalostramiento dividido.

Encalostramiento Dividido????

Sumario • La ingesta de calostro es el factor mas importante

para que el lechon aumente su temperatura corporal.

• Birth to nurse (BNI) esta condicionado por el peso al nacimiento

• Conseguir un BNI cercano o inferior a 30 min deberia ser el objetivo

• Secar los lechones, mostrarles como comer y encalostramiento dividido son una estrategia de manejo.

− El objetivo son sobre todo los lechones nacidos entre 2 -3 Lb de peso.

Sow Farm Welfare

Five Critical Areas

1. Willful acts of abuse

2. Timely euthanasia

3. Handling during euthanasia process

4. Location of animals during euthanasia

5. Confirmation of insensibility and death

Willful Acts Of Abuse

• Zero tolerance policy for willful acts of abuse meaning termination of employment if they are caught in the act.

Willful acts include, but are not limited to:Misuse of electric prods

Malicious hitting/beating of an animalDriving pigs off high ledges/platforms during loading

Dragging of conscious animals by any part of their bodyPurposefully dropping or throwing animals

Causing damage to snout or tusks of boars to decrease aggression

Failure to provide food, water, or care that results in harm or death to animals.

Timely Euthanasia

• Timely euthanasia is one of the most important decisions made on a farm but also the biggest single challenge across our industry. It is inhumane and cruel to allow an animal to suffer.

The following are reasons to euthanize an animal immediately:

Animals that are not responding after 2 days of treatmentSeverely injured or non-ambulatory pigs with inability to recover

Non-ambulatory pigs with a body condition score of 1Pigs with large hernias that touch the ground or cause difficulty

walking or are perforatedPigs with untreated prolapses that have become necrotic (black,

green, blue, purple colors show this process)

Handling During Euthanasia

• Animals being euthanized must be handled humanely and as stress-free as possible.

Inhumane or abusive handling during euthanasia includes, but are not limited to:

Aggressive restraint.Pigs are handled in a manner that causes unnecessary pain and

suffering.

Location Of Animals During Euthanasia

• Pigs must be euthanized in place, or suitable equipment must be available to move non-ambulatory pigs. This does not count in the case of piglets.

Improper euthanasia locales or methods include, but are not limited to:

Moving a compromised pig for convenience onlyForcing a non-ambulatory animal to move

Using non-suitable equipment or dragging a compromised animalDragging a live, conscious animal

Confirmation Of Insensibility And Death

• Caretakers must confirm insensibility of the animal and death prior to removing the animal from the facility.

Confirmation of insensibility Confirmation of death

No corneal (blink) reflex No breathingNo vocalization No heartbeat

No response to painful stimulus

No movement or muscle tone

Euthanasia Decision Scenarios

Scenario 1: Farrowing Room

It is 7AM and you are doing your first check of the farrowing room, you see this piglet that has not eaten overnight and looks like it is not willing to stand

Do you:

Treat the piglet.

Continue to monitor.

Euthanize this piglet.

Scenario 1: Farrowing Room Continued

Do you:

Treat the piglet.

Continue to monitor.

Euthanize this piglet.

You treat the pig and later that afternoon, you notice the pig up with a full belly and walking, although he is lame on one leg.

Scenario 1: Farrowing Room Continued

The next morning, you find the pig in this condition and you pick up the piglet to give it a look over, and you find this injury on the right hind leg:

Do you:

Treat the piglet.

Continue to monitor.

Euthanize this piglet.

Scenario 2: Farrowing Room

Later in the morning, you find this sow that has not eaten and has pressure sores from lying for too long.

Do you:

Treat the sow.

Continue to monitor.

Euthanize this sow.

Scenario 3: Breeding BarnThe farrowing team early weaned this sow because she was not giving milk earlier this week.

You are checking the wean row and notice that she is not eating, she cannot rise, and she has labored breathing.

Do you:

Treat the sow.

Continue to monitor.

Euthanize this sow.

Scenario 4: Breeding Barn

The prolapse happened a few hours ago, but with the summer heat, it is starting to turn black around the edges.

Do you:

Treat the sow.

Continue to monitor.

Euthanize this sow.