Dr. Penny Atkins - Cenex-LCV2018 – Low Carbon Vehicle ... · Dr. Penny Atkins Principal Research...
Transcript of Dr. Penny Atkins - Cenex-LCV2018 – Low Carbon Vehicle ... · Dr. Penny Atkins Principal Research...
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Dr. Penny AtkinsPrincipal Research Fellow
University of Brighton
Sponsors
Sessionsponsored by:
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CENEX-LCV20177th September
Penny AtkinsPrincipal Research Fellow
Future Fuels for Heavy DutyPowertrains
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University of Brighton, Advanced Engineering Centre is the APC spoke forICE Thermal Efficiency
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Droplets and sprays
Heat and mass transfer
Recent industrial collaborators
Combustion
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Clean, low carbon, competitive freight transport is vital for the UK 4
ERTRAC’s ‘CO2 integrated approach’ suggeststhat liquid fuels will play a significant role intransport to 2050
Low carbon liquid fuels will be important insegments where electrification is challenging, egHD freight, aerospace & marine applicationsSource: Report from ERTRAC CO2 integrated approach, http://www.ertrac.org/uploads/images/3.%20CO2_Evaluation_Group_%20ERTRAC2017.pdf
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Pressure to decarbonise is leading to an increasing range of potential fuels
Picture sources: http://inhabitat.com/mit-developing-floating-wind-turbines-that-produce-power-even-when-theres-no-wind, http://www.lanl.gov/museum/exhibitions/research-gallery/algal-biofuels-exhibit.php /, http://today.anl.gov/2015/12/producing-synthetic-fuels/, http://energyeducation.ca/encyclopedia/Biofuel
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Consideration of the whole system is needed to give most energy efficientand cost effective solution
Energy Release
Energysystem
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Fuel choice influences both GHG and air quality emissions
Diesel RMEKerosene
Sources: University of Brighton, Hellier, P., Al-Haj, L., Talibi, M., Purton, S., & Ladommatos, N. (2013). Combustion and emissions characterization of terpenes with a view to their biological production incyanobacteria. Fuel, 111, 670-688. doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.04.042
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Consideration of the whole system is needed to give most energy efficientand cost effective solution
Energy Release
Energysystem
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There are a very large number of potential fuel production pathways andend products
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Wood100MJ
Picture source:http://haussmanninc.c13.ixsecure.com/woodinformation.html
Data source: JEC - Joint Research Centre-EUCAR-CONCAWE collaboration. WELL-TO-TANK Appendix 4 - Version 4a,April 2014
Example – Farmed wood
A wide range of processes and efficiencies are reported, this data isprovided as an illustration only
End product Process energy(MJ/MJfuel)
GHG emissions(gCO2 /MJfuel)
In use implications
DME 1.07 6.5 CI engine, gaseous fuel,handling similar to LPG
Methanol 1.07 6.6SI or CI dual fuel engine,handling similar togasoline
Synthetic Diesel 1.20 7.0 Drop in fuel
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Consideration of the whole system is needed to give most energy efficientand cost effective solution
Energy Release
Energysystem
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Increasing levels of renewable electricity could support production ofsynthetic fuels
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http://www.motorauthority.com/news/1085024_audis-new-e-gas-plant-comes-online
Power to fuels
Source: ‘Role of power-to-gas in an integrated gas and electricity system in GreatBritain’ Qaadran, Abeysekera, Chaudry, Wu, Jenkins, Cardiff School ofEngineering, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 40 (2015)
Curtailment2020 – 2.8 TWh
2050 – up to 100 TWh
OR
Predicted growth of low carbon electricity ischallenging for energy storage and transmission
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There are a range of potential development routes for future engines 12
Highly optimised Production of synthetic
fuels, for example fromrenewable electricity,leads to ‘designer’fuels
Potential to co-optimisefuel and engine toimprove fuel productionand engine emissions
Fuel tolerant Maximise volume of
low carbon fuelthrough use of awide range offeedstocks
Engines mustproduce acceptableperformance andemissions for a verywide range of fuelformulations
Future HD Engine scenarios
Picture source: Volvo (http://www.volvotrucks.co.uk/en-gb/trucks/volvo-fh-series/features/diesel-engines.html)
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Effective long term research requires cross sector cooperation to give thebest outcome
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Fuel productionand distribution
End usersPower
grid
Fuelconversion
Heavy duty fuelschallenge network
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Thank you for your attention 14
Dr Penny AtkinsPrincipal Research Fellow
Cockcroft Building, MoulsecoombBrighton BN2 [email protected] 642307
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