ArthritisDr. Mahboob Ur RahmanBSPT,PPDPT,EMBA

Chief PhysiotherapistHMC Peshawar/Founder &Chairman Mahboob School of Physiotherapy Hayatabad.

ArthritisThe word arthritis is composed of 2 words These

are,“arthr” means joint and“ itis” means inflammation

Arthritis can affect babies and children, as well as people in the prime of their lives”

Arthritis is a general term for conditions that affect the joints and surrounding tissues.

Joints are places in the body where bones come together, such as the knees, wrists, fingers, toes, and hips. There are various types of Arthritis.

The two most common types of arthritis are osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.

Arthritis TypesRheumatoid ArthritisOsteoArthritisInfectious (Septic) ArthritisJuvenile arthritis

OsteoarthritisIt is a degenerative joint disease. It develops in

large & weight bearing joints that are exposed to repeated overuse due to nature of job or sport.

Articular cartilage suffers from wear and tear due to repeated use. Eventually the cushion that is provided by cartilage is lost due destruction of the cartilage.

As a result, the bones rub together, causing a grating sensation.

Joint flexibility is reduced, bony spurs develop, and the joint swells. Usually, the first symptom of OA is pain that worsens following exercise or immobility

OA cont Symptoms: pain in joints, limited Range of Motion,

tenderness/swelling, creaking joints, deformityDiagnosis: Physical Exam, X-Rays, Blood TestsRisk Factors: Age, Gender (female), previous joint

injuries, obesity, weak thigh muscles (for knee), contracting gout, rheumatoid arthritis, or hemochromatosis

Treatment usually includes analgesics, topical creams, or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (known as NSAIDs); appropriate exercises or physical therapy; joint splinting; or joint replacement surgery for seriously damaged larger joints, such as the knee or hip.

Rheumatoid Arthritis“A chronic autoimmune disease characterized by the inflammation of the synovial joints”

Has a symmetrical bilateral effect on joints

Results in joint deformity and immobilization

Multiple factors increase one’s risk

Symptoms•Morning stiffness lasting more than half an hour•Simultaneous symmetrical joint swelling•Not relieved by rest•Fever•Weight loss•Fatigue•Anemia•Lymph node enlargement•Nodules•Raynaud’s phenomenon

Diagnosis

CBCRadiographs of involved jointsCT/MRI scansDirect arthroscopySynovial/Fluid aspirate Synovial membrane biopsyArthrocentesis

)

No single test is specific to Rheumatoid Arthritis

X-Ray

X-rays are an important diagnostic test for monitoring the disease progression

Patients may reveal NO changes on an X-ray in the early stages

ManagementRheumatoid Arthritis can be managed through

medication (NSAIDs, DMARDs, Corticosteroids etc), Physical Therapy, Occupational Therapy, Orthotics.

Physiotherapy in Rheumatoid Arthritis

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