Dr. Jack R. FergusonDr. Jack R. FergusonDeputy Director for Software Intensive SystemsDeputy Director for Software Intensive Systems

Acquisition Resources and AnalysisAcquisition Resources and Analysis

DoD Software Engineering Science & Technology Summit

DoD Software Engineering Science & Technology Summit

August 7-9, 2001August 7-9, 2001

Global US InterestsPolitical - Economic - Humanitarian

Globalization of Technology

Asymmetric ThreatsIn any domain - Air, Land, Sea, Space or Information

Strategic Environment

• Avionics• Engine control• Sensors• Data collection

Airborne Systems:138K SLOC

C, PLM

Predator UAV

Tactical surveillance

Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

• Ground control • Communications • Data manipulation• Training simulation• Mission planning

Predator Ground Control Station

Ground Systems:487K SLOC

C, PLM

Predator Unmanned Aerial Vehicle

Airborne Systems: 1992K SLOCAda, C, Assembly

Cockpit functions

Target acquisition

Armament98K

Communications

Flight control155K

Engine control57K

Train & test instrumentation

Night pilot

Radar170K

Mission equipment package1512K

Reconnaissanceand attack

Comanche RAH-66

Training 1182KSupport 127KIntegration 144K

Ground Systems: 1453K SLOCAda, C, Assembly

Comanche RAH-66

Comanche RAH-66

Arleigh Burke Destroyer

Display 1200KTest 385KWeapon 266KTraining 110KCommand & decision 337K

Radar 279K

Continuous wave illuminators 15K

2,592K SLOCAda, C++

Complete weapon system -Deployed on destroyers and cruisers

AEGIS Weapon System

Control segment User segment

Space segment

Ground antennaMonitor stationMaster control

Communications

NAVSTARGlobal Positioning System

II/IIA23 satellites

IIR6 satellites

Deployed:24K SLOCper satellite

Ada

Deployed Future

IIF

Future:71K SLOCper satellite

Ada(24 spacecraft required)

NAVSTAR Space Segment

• Navigation• Telemetry• Tracking • Orbit analysis• Scheduling• Infrastructure Master control station, Schriever AFB

Deployed:1800K SLOC

Jovial

Future:1900K SLOC

C++

NAVSTAR Control Segment

Precision lightweightGPS receiver100K SLOC

Defense advancedGPS receiver200K SLOC

MiniaturizedAirborne

GPS receiver100K SLOC

80K-200K SLOCJovial

NAVSTAR User Segment

150K SLOC - Weapon2K SLOC - Ammunition

Ada

Infantry Combat Weapon 130K SLOCAda, C++, C, Assembly

Wide Area Munition

Software is Even in Bullets!

In warfighting, software In warfighting, software has become the soul of has become the soul of our weapons.our weapons.

In warfighting, software In warfighting, software has become the soul of has become the soul of our weapons.our weapons.

Software challenges:

• System complexity• Greater dependency • Huge legacy backlog • Growing investment in development and sustainment (but not S&T)

The DoD and our sons’ and daughters’ lives depend on Software Intensive Systems

S&T Challenge: Match the Solutions to the Problems

Major DoD software problems are in software processes, tools and management

• Need better S&T base in these areas• Especially with new evolutionary acquisition processes

Current DoD software S&T investments are skewed toward product S&T

• Although more is needed in software product S&T also

DoD requires a balanced software S&T program addressing all its needs

• Including expedited technology transition

OSD-SIS looking for Summit to provide innovative need-oriented ideas

• With strong benefit rationale

Some of these needs Fielding complex critical functionality with software that has controlled and managed:• Safety• Reliability• Interoperability• Correctness• Maintainability• Cost and Schedule• Predictability• High Performance• Security

Bringing software development cycles in line with hardware (and with the industrial market)• Better designs and architectures• Faster development• Fewer defects• Programmable H/W (FPGAs) – Multifunction• Multi-process synchronization

Flexible, interoperable software systems• Self-adapting and self-aware• Extensible• Secure• Separable• Distributed

Some of these needs - 2

New languages, methods, tools and compilers• Support Component concepts• Extend the Ada engineering concepts• Provide for higher levels of abstraction• E-Technologies• Object Oriented• Network Centric• Integrating autonomous systems

New ways of defining requirements and designs• Executable• Evolutionary• Model-based• Provable• Interoperable, system-of-systems• Traceable• Risk-driven

New ways of testing, fault identification and isolation• Model-based testing• Self testing, self correcting code• Testing large systems• Testing interoperability • Balanced analysis-review-test strategies

COTS Challenges

COTS integration principles, methods and tools• Synchronizing system and COTS vendor upgrade cycles• Tools and testbeds supporting COTS and equipment upgrades, and analysis of conflict

between and among separate COTS products and government software• Domain compatibility analysis• Estimating, planning and documentation aids• COTS wrappers, connectors and other architectural approaches• Empirical analysis of COTS-based systems

Architecture and negotiation techniques for COTS functionality changes, as they are under the control of the vendor, not the government

Tools needed to ascertain reliability, safety and security of COTS products

– Security (including origin risk and potential for Trojan Horse or other malicious code)

Some ideas

Expand and combine existing technologies• CMMI SW SE (product development improvement, not individual discipline improvement)• Merge System Engineering and software engineering technologies

Methods for hurdling political and process barriers• Product lines• Evolutionary Acquisition• Multiple contractors• Competition without excessive information hiding

Determine and use “jointness in development” success factors• Common components• Common architectures

Experimentation – Demonstrate the efficacy of technologies• Design of Experiments (DOE)• Measurement/Analysis techniques

Transition• Mixed DoD track record of transitioning tools (COBOL, IDEF, ARPAnet, OO tools, STARS, Ada, requirements languages)• Demonstrate system success base as dramatically improved Value, Reliability and Maintainability- Not just Performance,

Cost and Schedule

Knowledge• Better ways to reuse knowledge about software process (CeBASE Experience Factory)

Challenge to Summit Participants

The DoD community is making progress in employing current best software practices

• SW-CMM and CMMI practices• Independent Expert Program Reviews• Practical Software and Systems Measurement• Architecture-based approaches

Further progress depends on finding solutions to new DoD software challenges• COTS, evolutionary acquisition, legacy systems, massive distribution, agent coordination,

mobility, rapid change, talent shortage, systems of systems

We need your help in providing innovative

DoD-need-oriented ideas• with strong benefit rationale