Dr. Harald Schönberger TMA Karachi 2006 Wastewater fromTowel Manufacturing Industries in Karachi.
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Dr. Harald Schönberger TMA Karac hi 2006 Wastewater fromTowel Manufacturing Industries in Karachi
Transcript of Dr. Harald Schönberger TMA Karachi 2006 Wastewater fromTowel Manufacturing Industries in Karachi.
Dr.
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TMA Karachi
2006Wastewater fromTowel Manufacturing
Industries in Karachi
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TMA Karachi
2006
Site visits – March/April 2006
Benzene
Feroze
Shahi
Mustafa
Commodities
Nakshbandi
Yunus
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Reuse of low loaded washing water
underground
tankfi
lter
valve
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rRecycling without treatment
Reuse of low loaded washing water
Last washing step
C: 2.4 mS/cm
pH: 7.5
KarachiApril 2006
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8 -10 hours: sample every 15 minutes
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rPrecipitation/
flocculation with Al3+ and cationic
flocculant
sludge incineration or
disposal on secure landfill
KarachiApril 2006
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rLab testings on precipitation/flocculation
Al2(SO4)3
cationic organic
flocculant
Polyelectr.
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At RIZVI Textile
Institute
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KarachiApril 2006 Effect of aluminium sulfate –
Al2(SO4)3 x 18 H2O
Al2(SO4)3 + 6H2O 2Al(OH)3↓+ 3SO42- + 6H+
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rMechanism of cationic organic flocculants
to precipitate reactive dyestuffs
N+
N+ N
+
--
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Dispensing the chemicals
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Filtration of precipitate
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Precipitation/ flocculation
Shahi Textiles - sample from KIER
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Precipitation/ flocculation
Shahi Textiles - rinsing water
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KarachiApril 2006 Results
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Precipitation/ flocculation
Friendship composite sample Point 2
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Precipitation/ flocculation
Friendship composite sample Point 4
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Precipitation/ flocculation
Mustafa composite sample
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with Al3+ and cationic flocculant
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Precipitation/ flocculation
Nakshbandi composite sample
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COD-removal by precipitation/flocculation with aluminium sulfate and organic flocculant
Shahi Textiles: 32% (493 336 mg/l)
Friendship: Point 2: 57% (322 137 mg/l)
Point 4: 29% (650 462 mg/l)
Mustafa: 32% (839 567 mg/l)
Commodities: < 10% (305 292 mg/l)
Nakshbandi: no results yet
First cost estimation: about 20 PKR/m3 for chemicals (plus capital cost + sludge disposal + …)
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Karachi2006 Borewell water of seven visited industries
TM 1 TM 2 TM 3 TM 4 TM 5 TM 6 TM 7ParameterpH neutral neutral neutral neutral neutral neutral neutralConductivity mS/cm 3.1 5.7 44.8 4.7 4.1 6.9hardness ppm 400 4600 210
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Hardness, calcium, magnesium and iron in Karachi bore well water
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[mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l]
Total hardness Ca2+ Mg2+ Fe
Parameter
Co
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n [
mg
/l]
Shahi Textiles
Friendschip
Mustafa
Commodities
Nakshbandi
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Friendship Textile Mills - hardness, calcium, magnesium and iron in bore well water and after ion exchange and reverse osmosis
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400
[mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l] [mg/l]
Total hardness Ca2+ Mg2+ Fe
Parameter
Co
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mg
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Bore well waterAfter ion exchangeAfter reverse osmosis
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KarachiApril 2006 Lab dyeing tests
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KarachiApril 2006 Applied dyestuffs
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Commodities & Textiles Mustafa
Industries Shahi Textiles Feroze Textiles
W Sam.# 1 2 3 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 3
Shades Dist water Soft water Bore Well water
Dist water Bore Well water
Dist water A4 A1 Dist water
B1 B2A
0.5% CA1 CA2 CA3 MA1 MA2 SA1 SA2 SA3 FA1 FA2 FA3
2% CB1 CB2 CB3 MB1 MB2 SB1 SB2 SB3 FB1 FB2 FB3
Lab dyeings tests – example for dyeing plan (Sunfix Red S3R)
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pH Conductivity Temperature[mS/cm] [°C]
Washing compartment 1
~ 9 4.8 74
Washing compartment 2
~ 9 4.6 68
Washing compartment 3
8 - 9 5.1 76
Washing compartment 4
7 - 8 4.2 38
KarachiApril 2006 Energy recovery
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Conclusions-1
• SMA RIZVI Textile Institute can play an important role in wastewater treatment
• Introduction of wastewater and environmental issues to education of students at SMA RIZVI Textile Institute
• COD and colour measurement should be available SMA RIZVI Textile Institute
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Conclusions-2
• Recycling of water without treatment is possible for selected streams
• Process water quality (bore well, IA or RO) has an impact on product quality which is so far not influencing sales
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Conclusions-3
• Individual ETP in single cases only
• Meeting the standards for BOD5 and COD, biological treatment is required
• ETP for a limited number of industries in one area is possible
• Urgent need for CETPs, for every industrial estate each
• For operating CETP: Industries have to comply with minimum requirements to protect the sewer system
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