Dr. Funster’s2© 2003 Critical Thinking Books & Software • • 800-458-4849 WORDS AND PHRASES...

DR. FUNSTER’S WORD BENDERS A1

© 2003 Critical Thinking Books & Software • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 i

Titles in this seriesWord Benders A1Word Benders B1Word Benders C1

Thinking and Vocabulary Fun

Howard Black & Sandra Parks

Dr. Funster’sWORD BENDERS™ A1

© 2003, 1983CRITICAL THINKING BOOKS & SOFTWAREwww.CriticalThinking.comP.O. Box 448 • Pacific Grove • CA 93950-0448Phone 800-458-4849ISBN 0-89455-812-9Printed in the United States of AmericaReproduction rights granted for single-classroom use only.


ii © 2003 Critical Thinking Books & Software • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

About Dr. Funster’s WORD BENDERS™™™™™

The Word Benders series promotes vocabulary acquisition, spelling skills, and deduc-tive reasoning ability. Word Benders are letter systems in which some letters mustchange and others must remain the same. As students follow these rules, new wordsemerge. Students may use clues from the Definitions Box to decide the correct letterchange or to verify the meaning of an unknown word formed by following the letterpattern. This game-like format encourages students to recognize and change wordroots, prefixes, and suffixes to create new words.

The activities in this series are perfect for school, home, and travel. They are verypopular as brain-start, extra credit, sponge, or reward activities, and will improveacademic performance and raise test-taking ability for students at all grade levels.

Dr. Funster’s Series TitlesThink-A-Minutes A1, A2, B1, B2, C1, C2

Word Benders A1, B1, C1Visual Mind Benders A1, B1, C1

Creative Thinking Puzzlers A1, B1, C1Quick Thinks Math A1, B1, C1


© 2003 Critical Thinking Books & Software • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849 1

WORDS AND PHRASES

In these exercises, you will fill in the missing letters in a series of wordgroups. In each word, write the letters from the word above on the lines.Only the letter that goes in the empty circle will be changed or added toform a new word. The phrase provides you with a clue to help you figureout the new word. Have fun and learn some new words.

Here is an example:

The answers are:

C A T

__ __

__ __

__ __

TOM

CHANCE

LONG AGO AND AWAY

ACHE

C A T

F A T

F A R

E A R

TOM

CHANCE

LONG AGO AND AWAY

ACHE


2 © 2003 Critical Thinking Books & Software • www.CriticalThinking.com • 800-458-4849

WORDS AND PHRASES

DIRECTIONS: Complete the following phrases by changing or addingonly the letters that go in the circles. The rest of the word stays the same.

1.

2.

B O A T

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

SAIL

RAIN

CHAR

FIELD

MOUNTAIN

S A I L

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

BOAT

A LETTER

HOUSE

AN EGG

THE BILL

SEVERE



WORDS AND PHRASES


3. A R M

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

H A M

WRESTLE

HAND

AS TOAST

NO DONE

ANGEL’S

KNIFE

YOUR BOOK

OUT OF

ROCK

AND EGGS



WORDS AND PHRASES


4. L A M P

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

L A N E

READING

HOSE

LEG

EXIT

DARK AND

FIRE

THEY HOME

TO SCHOOL

ICE CREAM

WALKING

SHADY



WORDS AND PHRASES


5. C O R N

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

B R E A D

POP

APPLE

TAKER

OR RABBIT

AND VOLUME

THE PAPER

, SET, GO

AS SHE GOES

PHONES

THE WAY

AND BUTTER



WORDS AND PHRASES


6. L O A F

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

H E A T

MEAT

MONEY

MEAT

DOG

AND POTATOES

TAKE A

CHRISTMAS

GOOD

MOTHER

NOT

ME OUT

TAKE THE



WORDS AND PHRASES


7. C A K E

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

B E N T

PIECE OF

NOSE

SNOW

FIRE AND

A EXCUSE

HALL OF

IT’S A KID’S

RUN

FIRE

GUARD

BIRD’S

TAKE A

YOU’RE THE

FENDER



WORDS AND PHRASES


8. S T A R T

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

M A T E

QUICK

NIGHT

FISH

GROCERY

ROLLING

SOUR

HAM

SAVINGS

MARCHING

OF THE FREE

SHADY

SHORE

BELIEVE

SHIP



WORDS AND PHRASES


9. R A I N

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

S T A I N

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

H A S T Y

__ __ __

COAT

PIPE

STATION

MOUNTAIN

ROAD

THE LETTER

IDEA

INK

SPIRAL CASE

EASY

IRON

CAR

REPLY

YOUR BELT



WORDS AND PHRASES


10. C A R T

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

T H E S I S

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

S C H E M E

GO

TRICK

TO DO

OF CATTLE

RIGHT

SHE BLOWS

SOME OF DAYS

SENTENCE

FIND

WRITE A

WILD



WORDS AND PHRASES


11. __ __ __ __ __

S H A L E

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

A S P E N

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __

E X P E C T

FOR

STONE

UP

100 DEGREES IN THE

ACE OF

OF GLASS

WALL

BRIDGE

TREE

NEW

MURDER

ONE ANOTHER

THE BEST



WORDS AND PHRASES


12. R A C K

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

B A C K

HAT

HARD AS A

AROUND THE

AS COAL

OF EXPERIENCE

THE DOOR

THAT KICK

GOLD

YOURSELF

TRACK

HAT

FULL



WORDS AND PHRASES


13. F A C E

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __

__ __ __

C R A N K

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

B R A N C H

THE NATION

CURTAINS

FIRST

FLAT

EARTH

HOIST

THE HANDLE

ENSTEIN

HIGHEST

AND GERMANY

THE TANGO

CATTLE

OFFICE



WORDS AND PHRASES


14. N A I L__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

C L A M

HAMMER AND

TO WIN

BOAT

ROAD

COAT

FREIGHT

OREGON

CAFETERIA

FOR HELP

BALL

POTTERY

THE DRAGON

COLE

BEAR

YOUR HANDS

SHELL



WORDS AND PHRASES


15. I N K I N G__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

T A N K A R D__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __

__ __ __ __

G A R D E N

PEN

SHIP

LIGHT

CUP

CAP

BE FOR YOURBLESSINGS

OF GAS

OF CIDER

FIRSTNATIONAL

BED

A DONUT

SITTING

NERVE

HAT

VEGETABLE



WORDS AND PHRASES


16. F L O O R__ __ __ __

__ __ __

G L O A T

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

P H O N Y

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

M O N E T

FOUR ON THE

LIGHT

ROOT BEER

OVER

OLD

SECOND

HOUSE

WALL

CALL

EXCUSE

SWEET AS

PAPER

FRENCH ARTIST



WORDS AND PHRASES


17. B O U N D__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ ____ __ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __ C A K E

AND GAGGED

LOST AND

TABLE

BUS

IT OUT

OFF

WOOD

BARREL

ROAD

BY THE BELL

CLOSE

TO AND TO HOLD

I AT THE OFFICE

GOODBY

IN

BIRTHDAY



OPPOSITES OR DIFFERENT

The next group of exercises involves groups of words in which the an-swer is either the opposite of the clue or distinctly different from the wordclue. The rest of the rules stay the same. Change only the letters that fit inthe circles.

For example:

The answers are HAT, CAT, CAN.

HOT and COLD are opposite, but HAT and CAP are similar yetdistinctly different. CAT and KITTEN are similar but definitely different.CAN and BOTTLE are both containers but are made of differentmaterials.

COLD

CAP

KITTEN

BOTTLE

H O T

__ __

__ __

__ __



OPPOSITES OR DIFFERENTDIRECTIONS: Complete the following phrases by changing or addingonly the letters that go in the circles. The rest of the word stays the same.

18. T O P

__ __

__ __

__ __

__ __

__ __

__ __

__ __

__ __

__ __

C O P

BOTTOM

DANCE NOT TOE DANCE

NOT HAT

NOT SAUCER

NOT PASTE

NOT BOLT

NOT TAKE

NOT PAN

NOT BIG CIRCLE

NOT BED

NOT ROBBER




19. L O V E

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

R A F T E R

HATE

DIE

DEATH

LOWER

RIGHT

CELLAR

HARD

SELDOM

BEFORE

FLOOR SUPPORT




NEW

HOT

SHY

DROP

FULL

STUMP

TANNED

OVERPRICED

DIFFERENT

WILD

UNKNOWN

WENT

GO

AWAY

20. O L D__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

H O M E




21. N E A R__ __ __

__ __ ____ __ ____ __ __

__ __ ____ __ __

__ __ ____ __ __ __

__ __ ____ __ __

__ __ ____ __ __

__ __ ____ __ __

__ __ __

__ __

H E A R T Y

FAR

DEAF

COLD

SLOPPY

VEGETABLES

NICE

FAT

MOST

WEST

SLOW

FIRST

FOUND

LEAST

CAN’T

SHINY

SAFE

CLEAN

WEAK



SIMILARITIESIn these next exercises, you will learn to complete a word series. Each

word in a series is like the one before it in many ways and different fromthe one before it in some ways.

For example, in the series:

farm, fare, hare, harp

each word has four letters and only one letter is changed. Since only oneletter can be different, the remaining letters are clues to help you find thenew word.

The Word Bender looks like this (the circles indicate the letter to bechanged):

Below the Word Bender is a Definitions Box with words and shortphrases which give the meanings of the new words being formed. TheDefinitions Box can be used, if needed, for clues and should be used tocheck your answers.

The answers are:

F A R M__ __ __

__ __ __

H A R P

DEFINITIONS BOXa food-growing business; the cost of a ticket; an angel’sstringed instrument; a rabbit

F A R MF A R EH A R E

H A R P

(a food-growing business)

(the cost of a ticket)

(a rabbit)

(an angel’s stringed instrument)



SIMILARITIESDIRECTIONS: Change or add only the letters that go in the circles. Therest of the word stays the same. The words and phrases in the DefinitionsBox give the meanings of the words being formed (not in order).

22. H A T

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

__ __ __

S C A L D

DEFINITIONS BOX

anger; brave; burn with steam; cap; for your own ___; garden tool;hairless; price; sell yesterday; shoe bottom; special price; talk



SIMILARITIES

E D I T

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __

I N C R E D I B L E

DEFINITIONS BOXbelievable; revise; trust; unbelievable

Change only the letters in the circles at each step in this word series.

Note to the Student:This short exercise illustrates how you can use your knowledge of the

exercise rules to learn new words. INCREDIBLE means hard to believe orunbelievable. The opposite of incredible would be believable, and if youwork from the bottom up, you notice that all the letters in word three arethe same as the corresponding letters in the fourth row. This means thethird line must be CREDIBLE. Get the idea?




A C T I O N

__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

D I C T I O N A R Y

__ __ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __ __ __ __

S T A T U E

23.

DEFINITIONS BOXbook of words and definitions; make-believe story; movement;police headquarters; produces heat; sculpture; speech; stays inplace; three-fourths is a ___; writing paper




24. H O L E

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

C A N D I D A T E

DEFINITIONS BOXbeautiful; cavity; complete; frank; healthful; nominee; sell alarge amount; solitary; touch; wax light




N A T I O N

__ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __ __

I N T E R N A T I O N A L

__ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

__ __ __ __ __ __

R E I N S T A T E

25.

DEFINITIONS BOX

country; logical; part of a country; property; public; restore to aformer position; say again; share; terminal; worldwide

DR. FUNSTER’S WORD BENDERS ANSWERS A1


ANSWERS

1. SAIL BOATRAIN COATCHAR COALFIELD GOALMOUNTAIN GOAT

2. SAIL BOATMAIL A LETTERHOUSE MAIDLAID AN EGGPAID THE BILLSEVERE PAIN

3. ARM WRESTLEFARM HANDWARM AS TOASTNO HARM DONEANGEL’S HARPSHARP KNIFESHARE YOUR BOOKOUT OF SHAPESHAM ROCKHAM AND EGGS

4. READING LAMPHOSE CLAMPLEG CRAMPEXIT RAMPDARK AND DAMPCAMP FIRETHEY CAME HOMECOME TO SCHOOLICE CREAM CONEWALKING CANESHADY LANE

5. POP CORNAPPLE CORECARE TAKERHARE OR RABBITAREA AND VOLUMEREAD THE PAPERREADY, SET, GOSTEADY AS SHE GOESHEAD PHONESLEAD THE WAYBREAD AND BUTTER

6. MEAT LOAFLOAN MONEYLEAN MEATMEAN DOGMEAT AND POTATOESTAKE A SEAT

CHRISTMAS SEALGOOD DEALMOTHER DEARFEAR NOTHEAR ME OUTTAKE THE HEAT

7. PIECE OF CAKEFAKE NOSESNOW FLAKEFIRE AND FLAMEA LAME EXCUSEHALL OF FAMEIT’S A KID’S GAMEHOME RUNFIRE HOSENOSE GUARDBIRD’S NESTTAKE A RESTYOU’RE THE BESTBENT FENDER

8. QUICK STARTSTARRY NIGHTFISH STORYGROCERY STOREROLLING STONESOUR TONEHAM BONESAVINGS BONDMARCHING BANDLAND OF THE FREESHADY LANELAKE SHOREMAKE BELIEVESHIP MATE

9. RAIN COATDRAIN PIPETRAIN STATIONMOUNTAIN TRAILRAIL ROADMAIL THE LETTERMAIN IDEAINK STAINSPIRAL STAIR CASEEASY CHAIRIRON CHAINCAR CHASEHASTY REPLYFASTEN YOUR BELT

10. GO CARTCARD TRICK

HARD TO DOHERD OF CATTLERIGHT HERETHERE SHE BLOWSSOME OF THESE DAYSTHESIS SENTENCEFIND THEMWRITE A THEMEWILD SCHEME

11. FOR SHAMESHALE STONESHAPE UP100 DEGREES IN THE SHADEACE OF SPADESPANES OF GLASSWALL PANELBRIDGE SPANASPEN TREENEW ASPECTMURDER SUSPECTRESPECT ONE ANOTHEREXPECT THE BEST

12. HAT RACKHARD AS A ROCKAROUND THE CLOCKBLACK AS COALLACK OF EXPERIENCELOCK THE DOORBLOCK THAT KICKGOLD BRICKBRACE YOURSELFRACE TRACKHAT RACKFULL BACK

13. FACE THE NATIONLACE CURTAINSFIRST PLACEFLAT PLANEPLANET EARTHCRANE HOISTCRANK THE HANDLEFRANK ENSTEINHIGHEST RANKFRANCE AND GERMANYDANCE THE TANGOCATTLE RANCHBRANCH OFFICE

14. HAMMER AND NAILFAIL TO WINSAIL BOATRAIL ROAD

DR. FUNSTER’S WORD BENDERS ANSWERS A1


RAIN COATFREIGHT TRAINOREGON TRAILCAFETERIA TRAYPRAY FOR HELPPLAY BALLCLAY POTTERYSLAY THE DRAGONCOLE SLAWBEAR CLAWCLAP YOUR HANDSCLAM SHELL

15. INKING PENSINKING SHIPBLINKING LIGHTDRINKING CUPTHINKING CAPBE THANKFUL FOR YOUR

BLESSINGSTANKFUL OF GASTANKARD OF CIDERFIRST NATIONAL BANKBUNK BEDDUNK A DONUTSITTING DUCKSUCH NERVEHARD HATVEGETABLE GARDEN

16. FOUR ON THE FLOORFLOOD LIGHTROOT BEER FLOATGLOAT OVEROLD GLORYSECOND STORYSTORE HOUSESTONE WALLPHONE CALLPHONY EXCUSESWEET AS HONEYPAPER MONEYFRENCH ARTIST MONET

17. BOUND AND GAGGEDLOST AND FOUNDROUND TABLEBUS ROUTESHOUT IT OUTSHOVE OFFWOOD STOVEBARREL STAVEPAVED ROADSAVED BY THE BELLCLOSE SHAVETO HAVE AND TO HOLDI GAVE AT THE OFFICE

WAVE GOODBYCAVE INBIRTHDAY CAKE

18. TOP BOTTOMTAP DANCE NOT TOE

DANCECAP NOT HATCUP NOT SAUCERCUT NOT PASTENUT NOT BOLTPUT NOT TAKEPOT NOT PANDOT NOT BIG CIRCLECOT NOT BEDCOP NOT ROBBER

19. LOVE HATELIVE DIELIFE DEATHLIFT LOWERLEFT RIGHTLOFT CELLARSOFT HARDOFTEN SELDOMAFTER BEFORERAFTER FLOOR SUPPORT

20. OLD NEWCOLD HOTBOLD SHYHOLD DROPHOLE FULLPOLE STUMPPALE TANNEDSALE OVERPRICEDSAME DIFFERENTTAME WILDFAME UNKNOWNCAME WENTCOME GOHOME AWAY

21. NEAR FARHEAR DEAFHEAT COLDNEAT SLOPPYMEAT VEGETABLESMEAN NICELEAN FATLEAST MOSTEAST WESTFAST SLOWLAST FIRSTLOST FOUNDMOST LEASTMUST CAN’T

RUSTY SHINYRISKY SAFEDIRTY CLEANHEARTY WEAK

22. HAT (cap)CHAT (talk)HATE (anger)RATE (price)RAKE (garden tool)SAKE (for your own)SALE (special price)SOLE (shoe bottom)SOLD (sell yesterday)BOLD (brave)BALD (hairless)SCALD (burn with steam)

EXAMPLEEDIT (revise)CREDIT (trust)CREDIBLE (believable)INCREDIBLE (unbelievable)

23. ACTION (movement)FRACTION (three-fourths)FRICTION (produces heat)FICTION (make-believe story)DICTION (speech)DICTIONARY (book of words)STATIONARY (stays in place)STATION (police headquarters)STATIONERY (writing paper)STATUE (sculpture)

24. HOLE (cavity)WHOLE (complete)WHOLESALE (sell large amount)WHOLESOME (healthful)LONESOME (solitary)HANDSOME (beautiful)HANDLE (touch)CANDLE (wax light)CANDID (frank)CANDIDATE (nominee)

25. NATION (country)RATION (share)RATIONAL (logical)NATIONAL (public)INTERNATIONAL (worldwide)STATION (terminal)STATE (part of a country)ESTATE (property)RESTATE (say again)REINSTATE (restore to a

former position)

Dr. Funster’s2© 2003 Critical Thinking Books & Software • • 800-458-4849 WORDS AND PHRASES...

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Transcript of Dr. Funster’s2© 2003 Critical Thinking Books & Software • • 800-458-4849 WORDS AND PHRASES...