Embedding Civic Education Principles into Mitigation Effort at Disaster

Prone Area in Urban Poor Community

Dr. Bagus Aryo

Universitas Indonesia

Introduction• Civic education: right and duties, active

participation in the civil society, critical reflection on social justice, inter cultural learning etc.

• Urban community has tendency to be open minded and critical on their rights and duties.

• Important to tap their consciousness about civic rights and duties

• Civic education will lead to collective action to build a safer environment or community where they inhabit

• There is some area in North Jakarta which is defined as urban poor community and prone to disaster, such as Marunda, Cilincing and Penjaringan. Mostly vulnerable to fire.

Objectives• To develop and implement civic education

principles into disaster mitigation effort

• To ensure an effective collective action taken by community to implement disaster risk reduction.

Methodology

Qualitative MethodQualitative Method

Quantitative MethodQuantitative Method

Participatory Action Research

(PAR)

Participatory Action Research

(PAR)

Interviews & Participant-Observer

Interviews & Participant-Observer

T-test(pre-test & post

test)

T-test(pre-test & post

test)

Output:Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction (Mitigation)

Output:Community Based Disaster Risk Reduction (Mitigation)

Participatory Action Research

Look

Think

Act

• Participatory action research assisted community member to extend their understanding about their situation and finding solution to the problems that confront them.

• Location:

a) high-rise public housing in Marunda (intervention group): 25 persons

b) high-rise public housing in Cilincing (control group): 25 persons

c) RW 08 slum area residence in Penjaringan (intervention group): 25 persons

d) RW 14 slum area residence in Penjaringan (control group): 25 persons

Discussion Look phase:

Interviews, discussions, participant observations, to gather data and the needs of the urban poor community (together with community members).

Think phase:

Researchers facilitate the community members (in the intervention group) to explore and analyze problems and prioritize it.

Marunda (high-rise public housing)

Penjaringan (slum area residence)

1. Fire 1. Fire

2. Earthquake 2. Social conflict

3. Social conflict 3. Earthquake

4. Flood 4. Flood

Assessment of condition

Act phase:

- Based on Look and Thinks phase, community members and ‘researchers’/facilitators‘develop action plan and implement it.

- Pre-test and Post-test evaluation (after the training on disaster risk reduction) to explore the improvement of community members’ knowledge, skills and action.

- A significant improvement is shown based on descriptive statistic and T-Test.

These are the implemented action plan:

1. Training on disaster risk reduction (civic education principles, fire theory, risk analysis, develop action plan).

There was a post-test after training and it shown a significant difference using T-test between intervention groups, both in Marunda and Penjaringan, with those each control groups as describe in tables below.

Training

Act phase

Group discussion: Action plan

Paired Samples T-test  Paired Differences

t dfSig. (2-tailed)

 

Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

95% Confidence Interval of the Difference

 

Lower Upper  

Pair 1

Posttest Marunda – Kontrol Marunda

-.76667

23.78160

4.34191 -9.646

86

8.11353

-.177 29 .861

 

Paired Samples T-test

Paired Differences

t dfSig. (2-tailed)Mean

Std. Deviation

Std. Error Mean

95% Confidence Interval of the Difference

Lower UpperPair 1

Posttest penjaringan – Kontrol penjaringan

-3.1200

0

25.42033

5.08407

-13.61

300

7.37300

-.614 24 .545

• Implementation of action plan, such as simulation on evacuation route, training on how to utilize fire blanket and fire extinguisher.

• Established a task force in each community (Marunda and RW 08 Penjaringan) to become resources and response group for fire hazard.

• Termination.

Conclusion By using civic education principles, this project was able to improve knowledge, attitude and action of the community members in the prone disaster area. By stimulating their consciousness about civic rights and duties they were able collectively organize and take action to build a safer environment. Likewise, the whole process is generally implemented by employing participatory action research.

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