Dr Andrew DrakeTraining Organisation in Great Britain: long distance running & race walking

@andidrake

@andidrake

Dr Andrew DrakeTraining Organisation in Great Britain: long distance running & race walking

Everyone has a system?

Athlete development pathway

Sampling Specialising Investment Maintenance

PEAK PERFORMANCE

Baker, J., Cobley, S. Does practice make perfect? In Farrow, D., Baker, J., MacMahon, C. (2008) Developing Sport Expertise. Routledge.

National Governing Bodies

World Class Programme

World Class Programme

Olympic Podium (4/15):Dina Asher-Smith (John Blackie)Holly Bradshaw (Scott Simpson)Mo Farah (Gary Lough)Adam Gemili (Rana Reider)Robbie Grabarz (Fuzz Caan)Callum Hawkins (Robert Hawkins)Sophie Hitchon (Tore Gustafsson)Zharnel Hughes (Glen Mills)Katarina Johnson-Thompson (Bertrand Valcin)Nick Miller (Tore Gustafsson)Laura Muir (Andy Young)Cindy OfiliGreg Rutherford (Dan Pfaff)Lynsey Sharp (Terrance Mahon)Lorraine Ugen (Shawn Jackson)

Olympic Podium Potential: (13/23)Tom Bosworth (Andi Drake)Andrew Butchart (Terrance Mahon)Taylor Campbell (John Pearson)Rosie Clarke (David Harmer)Niamh Emerson (David Feeney)Tom Gale (Denis Doyle)Charlie Grice (Jon Bigg)Elliot Giles (Jon Bigg)Dewi Griffiths (Kevin Evans)Adam Hague (Trevor Fox)David King (James Hillier)Morgan Lake (Fuzz Caan)Kyle Langford (Jon Bigg)

Eilish McColgan (Liz Nuttall)Sarah McDonald (David Harmer)Andrew Pozzi (Benke Blomkvist)David Omoregie (Brigitte Foster-Hylton)Shelayna Oskan-Clarke (Jon Bigg)Jazmin Sawyers (Lance Brauman)Katie Snowden (Rob Denmark)Adelle Tracey (Craig Winrow)Jake Wightman (Geoff Wightman)Callum Wilkinson (Andi Drake)

British Athletics Endurance Initiative• Mission

• Successful on global athletics stage…

• …inspire and motivate all abilities…

• …run, exercise, live healthy lifestyle

• Vision• Our best athletes to stand on start line and be best

prepared in World

• “OWN THE STARTLINE”

• Aims• Increase density of athletes in pathway

• Improve effectiveness of support provided to athletesFudge, B. (2017) What it takes to win. England Athletics National Endurance Conference, Exeter.

7

2

3

2 2

4

5

6

0

2

4

6

8

1984 2009 2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017

MedalZone

29

2127

37

2427

39

48

0

20

40

60

1984 2009 2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017

OlympicStandard

87

61 66

88

59

7987

112

0

50

100

150

1984 2009 2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017

EliteStandard

726636

735820 754

903 9371007

0

500

1000

1500

1984 2009 2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017

NationalStandard

6

2

3

2 2 2 2 2

0

2

4

6

8

1984 2009 2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017

Medals

15

43

7

4 45

9

0

5

10

15

20

1984 2009 2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017

Top8's

69

1623 23 25 24 24

38

0

20

40

60

80

1984 2009 2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017

PlacingPoints

28

1216

26

14 14

27

36

0

10

20

30

40

1984 2009 2011 2012 2013 2015 2016 2017

TeamSize

• Medal zone: 0.5 %

• Elite/National…

http://www.thepowerof10.info/

Fudge, B. (2017) What it takes to win. England Athletics National Endurance Conference, Exeter.

British Athletics Endurance Results

What it takes to win (WITTW)1. Performance profile

• How fast best run/walk• Age profile• Win/lose• Seasons best• Progression rates

2. Physical profile • Physiological, biomechanical, race

specific (e.g. splits) characteristics

3. Environmental/behavioural factors• Coaching quality• Training environment• injury risk• “Coachability”• Tactical awareness

Performance Profile

00:36:00

00:38:53

00:41:46

00:44:38

00:47:31

00:50:24

00:53:17

00:56:10

272625242322212019181716

10kmRaceWalk

EiderArévelo TomBosworth CallumWilkinson

01:14:53

01:16:19

01:17:46

01:19:12

01:20:38

01:22:05

01:23:31

01:24:58

01:26:24

01:27:50

01:29:17

272625242322212019

20kmRaceWalk

EiderArévelo TomBosworth CallumWilkinson

01:12:00

01:14:53

01:17:46

01:20:38

01:23:31

01:26:24

01:29:17

20172016201520142013201220112010

20kmRaceWalk

EiderArévelo TomBosworth CallumWilkinson

What it takes to win

20 km Walk: Physical Profile

Men Women

Medallists at IAAF World Championships 1999-2011 (Hanley, 2013)

Finishing time: 1:20:32 (± 2:05)

% of personal best: 103.0 (±2.6)

Three medallists set PB in seven Championships

Finishing time: 1:29:04 (±1:32)

% of personal best: 101.9 (±1.4)

Three medallists set PB in seven Championships

5 km/10 km PB5 km: 1:20:32 = 18:4510 km: 1:20:32 = 38:54

5 km: 1:29:04 = 20:4210 km: 1:29:04 = 42:58

Last 5 km split (off fast 15 km) Pacing profile

<20:00 <22:30

What it takes to win20 km Walk: Physical Profile Men Women

Body comp (sum 8) <50 mm <80 mm

Hbmass

>15.5 g.kg-1 >14.5 g.kg-1

v-VO2max >16.0 km.h-1 >15.0 km.h-1

Lactate turnpoint ~15.0 km.h-1 ~14.0 km.h-1

Lactate threshold ~13.0 km.h-1 ~12.0 km.h-1

Step length (race pace)1.27 ± 0.02 m first 5 km1.24 ± 0.04 m last 5 km

1.10 ± 0.08 m first 5 km1.05 ± 0.07 m last 5 km

Step length ratio (% stature) >70 % >65 %

Cadence (race pace)3.30 ± 0.11 Hz first 5 km3.25 ± 0.18 Hz last 5 km

3.42 ± 0.11 Hz first 5 km3.34 ± 0.17 Hz last 5 km

Technical competencyStep length, step length ratio & cadence expressed to meet IAAF Rule 230

Hanley, B. (2013) “An Analysis of Pacing Profiles of World-Class Racewalkers”. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 8, 435-441.

20 km Walk

Hanley, B. (2013) “Pacing, packing and sex based differences in Olympic and World Championships marathons”. International Journal of Sports Physiology and Performance. 8, 435-441.

Marathon

Altitude training

Altitude training in practice• 2010 3 weeks 1850 m, Font Romeu• 2011 3 weeks 1400 m, Thredbo• 2014 3 weeks 1850 m, Font Romeu• 2015 4 weeks 1500 m, Gifu• 2016 20 weeks 2500 m*

• 5 weeks 1850 m, Font Romeu• 2017 20 weeks 2500 m*

• 3 weeks 1400 m (2500 m*), Potchefstroom• 5 weeks 2100 m, Flagstaff• 3 weeks 1850 m, Font Romeu

*altitude tent

+ -

Training input

Fit

ness

+

Fa

tigu

e+

Performance output

Σ

Morton, R. H. (1991) “Modelling training and overtraining”. Journal of Sports Sciences 15 (3): 335-40. Clarke, D.C, Skiba, P. (2013) “Rationale and resources for teaching the mathematical modeling of athletic training and performance”. Advances in Physiological Education 37: 134–152.

Torrevieja,Spain

Dudince Rome

Podebrady Leeds

40℃ Heat Acc. 1850 mFont Romeu,

France

Rio

2500 mAltitude

Tent

+ -

Training input

Fit

ness

+

Fa

tigu

e+

Performance output

Σ

Morton, R. H. (1991) “Modelling training and overtraining”. Journal of Sports Sciences 15 (3): 335-40. Clarke, D.C, Skiba, P. (2013) “Rationale and resources for teaching the mathematical modeling of athletic training and performance”. Advances in Physiological Education 37: 134–152.

Lugano Euro. Cup

Rio Maior Leeds

1850 mFont Romeu,

France

London

2500 mAltitude

Tent

1400 m (2500 m)Potchefstroom,

South Africa

2100 mFlagstaff, USA

Total haemoglobin mass method

• Measures number of red blood cells (Hbmass) in blood

• i.e. useful marker of O2 carrying capacity

• Hbmass measured with carbon monoxide (CO) rebreathing test

Schmidt W, Prommer N. The optimized CO-rebreathing method - a new tool to determine total haemoglobin mass routinely. European Journal of Applied Physiology. 2005;95:486–495.

Total haemoglobin mass method

Total haemoglobin mass method

Tactical awareness

Tactical awareness: 2017 IAAF World Athletics Championships Men’s 20 km Walk

-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

6

8

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

Change in position +/-

Eider ARÉVALO COL

Sergei SHIROBOKOV ANA

Caio BONFIM BRA

Lebogang SHANGE RSA

Christopher LINKE GER

Dane BIRD-SMITH AUS

Kaihua WANG CHN

Álvaro MARTÍN ESP

Tom BOSWORTH GBR

ATHLETE COUNTRY 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20Biggest change △

Yellow Paddle

Lap receivedRed card

Lap received

Eider ARÉVALO COL -2 -1 3 3 -4 -3 3 0 0 -3 3 -4 0 -2 -1 1 -1 -1 0 -4 ~ 20

Sergei SHIROBOKOV ANA -1 1 1 2 0 -6 -2 -2 0 -1 0 2 0 -2 1 -1 0 -6

Caio BONFIM BRA -6 -4 -1 -3 -1 -2 -3 2 -2 -1 -1 0 -6 ~ ~ ~ ~ 4,4,13,15 ~ 15

Lebogang SHANGE RSA -7 -4 -7 0 3 0 -7 ~ ~ < 5,7, 13 < 18

Christopher LINKE GER 5 1 -1 -1 -1 -3 -1 1 -1 0 1 -1 3 1 0 0 5 < ~ ~ 10,10,13 ~ ~ 18,18

Dane BIRD-SMITH AUS 4 -3 -4 0 2 1 0 -2 1 1 0 -1 0 0 1 -1 -3 1 -1 -4 ~ < ~ 8,11,14 < < 18,19

Kaihua WANG CHN -2 1 0 -3 2 -1 -1 1 -2 0 3 -4 0 -2 2 4 -4

Álvaro MARTÍN ESP -1 -1 0 4 0 1 -5 0 2 2 -2 2 -1 -1 2 -5 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 5,11,14,15,18 ~ ~ 14,18

Tom BOSWORTH GBR -2 0 0 2 -2 7 1 -9 2 4 -6 -9 ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ 2,2,7,8,11 ~ ~ ~ ~ 9,9,11,11

Tactical awareness: 2017 IAAF World Athletics Championships Men’s 20 km Walk

Accountability through annual plan

If you don’t coach one of the WCP athletes…

17

?

Athlete development pathway

Sampling Specialising Investment Maintenance

PEAK PERFORMANCE

Baker, J., Cobley, S. Does practice make perfect? In Farrow, D., Baker, J., MacMahon, C. (2008) Developing Sport Expertise. Routledge.

Athlete transition Age 10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Academic/ occupational development

Athletic development

Individual development

Psycho-social development

Primary

education

Initiation

Childhood

Parents

Siblings

Peers

Secondary

education

Development

Puberty

Peers

Coaches

Parents

Higher

education

Perfection

Adolescence

Partner

coach

Professional occupation

Discontinuation

(Young)

adulthood

Family (Coach)

Peers

10 15 20 25 30 35 40

Elms, S. (2004) The junior to senior athlete transition. Faster Higher Stronger. 25, 13-14.

WHAT DO YOU CHOOSE TO DO?

WHAT IS THE PERFORMANCE

GAP?

WHAT IS YOUR COACHING

PHILOSOPHY?

WHAT ARE YOUR AIMS &

OBJECTIVES?

Thank you for your attention