Downloaded from Cla… · 2. (i) Circuit for half wave rectifier 3. (i) Diode characteristic curve...

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GRAPHS AND DIAGRAMSELECTROSTATIC

DIAGRAMS AND GRAPHS

ELECTROSTATIC

(i) Graph for electric force (F) or electric field (E) verses distance r

E or F

E or F

(i) Electric field lines due to a + Q charge.

2(ii) Graph for E or E verses 1/r

(ii) Electric field due to a -q charge

-Q+Q

PHYSICSPHYSICS

r

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(iii) Electric field lines due to two positive charge. (iv) Electric field lines due to a electric dipole.

(v) Electric field lines due to a point charges and metal plate

3. Equipotential surfaces

(i) due to a isolated positive charge. (ii) due to two positive point charge

q

PHYSICSPHYSICS



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(iii) due to uniform electric field (iv) due to two positive point charge

4 (i) Postential verses charge graph for capacitor

E

PHYSICSPHYSICS



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1. Variation of current with potential difference (i) For conductor (ii) For Ga As

CURRENT ELECTRICITY

2. Variation of resistivity with temperature

(i) For conductor (ii) For Ga As (iii) for nichrome (alloy)

Negative resistanceregion Non-Itnear

region

Curr

en

t / (m

A)

Voltage v (V)

1.20

1.10

1.00 200 400 500 800Temperature T (K)

Resi

stiv

ity / (

0 c

m)

P

T

Temperature T (K)

0 50 100 150

0.4

0.2

Resi

stiv

ity P

(10 c

m)

V

I

PHYSICSPHYSICS



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2. (i) Cricuit diagram to find balanced condition for Wheatstone bridge

BI4

CR4

R3

R1

R2

I1A

D

Unknown

Sta

ndard

arm

G

(ii) Cricuit diagram to find the unknown resistance using Metre Bridge.

4 (i) Circuit diagram to measure the internal resistance of a cell using potentiometer

(ii) V verses L graph for the potentiometer

PHYSICSPHYSICS

+ -

R.B

K

A

G

S

B

+ -

+ -



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1. Magnetic field on the axis of a circular current loop.

MOVING CHARGES AND MAGNETISM

2. Magnetic field line

(I) Due to circular current carrying conductor (ii) Due to a current carrying solenoid

dB cos y C

dB

dB

dB cos Y

D

IX

P

PHYSICSPHYSICS

dB sin θ

θ

θ

θ

x

dB sin

22

L = a + x

2

2

L = a + x

q

q

q

q



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3. (i) Schematic diagram of a Cyclotron (ii) Schematic diagram of a Moving Coil

Galvanometer

4. Conversion of Galvanometer (i) Into ammeter

(ii) into voltmeter

ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ALTERNATING CURRENT

1. Graph Showing Variation of Impedance of LCR Circut, inductive and capacitive reactance Versus Frequency of A.C respectively

XX

X X

X X

X

XX

X X

X X

X

XX

X X

X X

X

XX

X X

X X

X

XX

X X

X X

X

XX

X X

X X

X

XX

X X

X X

X

D2 D2

W

z

r f f

xXc

X

PHYSICSPHYSICS

H.F.O.



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2. (i) Phasor diagram for L-C-R series ciruit (ii) A.C. Generator

3. (i) Transformer (ii) L-C Oscillation

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVE

Type Wavelength

THE ELECTRO MAGNETIC SPECTRUM

Radio > 0.1 m

Microwave 0.1m to mm

Infra-red 1mm to 700nm

Light 700 nm to 400 nm

Utravolet 400 nm to 1 nm

X-rays 31 nm to 10 nm

Gamma rays -3< 10 nm

Soft iron core

inputvoltage

primary coil

A step-dwon transformer

secondarycoil

Soft iron core

inputvoltage

primary coil

A step-dwon transformer

secondarycoil

N

Q

PS

AB

X

X

PHYSICSPHYSICS

v�and�I

t



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0(i) Prisms designed to bend rays by 90 or to invert image without changing it sizemake use of total internal reflection

RAY OPTICS

(iii) Simple microscope (iv) Compound microscope

(v) Ray diagram for refracting telescope. (iv) A reflecting telescope.

PHYSICSPHYSICS



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(i) Shapes of wave front

WAVE OPTICS

(ii) Youngs double slit experiment (iii) Single slit diffraction

(v) Intensity distribution in single slit diffraction

Point Source Line Source Source at infinity

PHYSICSPHYSICS



Photoelectric current V > V > V3 2 1

V2V3 V

1

Saturation current

-Vo3 -Vo2 -Vo1 O Collector plate potential

Variation of photoelectric current with collector plate potential for different

frequencics of incident radiaton.

O

VOVO

V > VO

V > VO

Metal A

Metal B

Stopping potential

(V )O

Frequency of incident radiation (V)

V1

V1

V 1

7. DUAL NATURE OF MATTER & RADIATION

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF PHOTOELECTRIC EFFECT

ATOM & NUCLEI

Radioactive sample decay

53

PHYSICSPHYSICS



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Binding Energy per Nucleon Curve

Hydrogen Atom Spectral Lines

PHYSICSPHYSICS



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1. Energy band diagram : (a) fro metal (b) for Semiconductor (c) for Insulator (d) N type Semiconductor (e) P Type Semiconductor

SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES

Conduction band

Valence band

Conduction band

Valence band

Conduction band

Valence band

(d) (e)

PHYSICSPHYSICS



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2. (i) Circuit for half wave rectifier

3. (i) Diode characteristic curve (ii) Input and Output characteristics curve for NPN Transistor (CE)

(ii) Circuit diagram full wave rectifier

Current FlowsWhen D1

Conducts

Current FlowsWhen D2

Conducts

Resultant Output Waveform

PHYSICSPHYSICS



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Rn B

C

Ic

Vout RL

VCE

E

IE

VEE

VN

RCC

RI

RCE

mAIB

BR2VBB

E

EVSE

4. (i) NPN transistor characteristics (ii) NPN transistor amplifier in CE mode

Special type of diodes

Solar cell

Photo diode

Zenerdiode

Light emittingdiode (LED)

It is a diode with either p or n side made thin to allow lightenergy falling on it to convert in to electrical energy. Materialused for preparing are si and GaAs

It is made from photosensitive material with provision to allowlight of suitable frequency to fall at the junction (Reverse biased)

It is specially designed to work on reverse bias breakdownregion

It has two leads longer lead is pside and shorter is n side; dueto recombination of holes andelectrons at the junct ionenergy is released at the junction in the form of light.(Forward biased)

To produce solar power insatellites, space vehicles ,Small Electronic Devices(External biasing NotRequired)

Used ad fire alarm, detector circuit

Used as voltage regulator

Used as voltage regulator

Open Circut Voltage

Short Circut Current

LED curve

Rd

I0

I0

V VF 0

PHYSICSPHYSICS



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Logic Gates

Communication System

Block Diagrams

Communication System

InformationSource Transmitter

ReceivedSignalChannel Receiver

MessageSignal

User of Information

Noise

TransmittedSignal

MessageSignal

Production of amplitude modulated wave

AM Wavey(t)

2Bx(t)+Cx(t)

BANDPASSFILTER

CENTREDAT

Transmission of Electromagnetic wave

Name NOT AND NAND OR NOR

A01

X10

A A.B A + BA.B A + B

B0011

A0101

X0001

B0011

A0101

X1110

B0011

A0101

X0111

B0011

A0101

X1000

Alg. Expr.

Symbol

TruthTable

A

BX

TRANSMITTINGANTENNA

POWERAMPLIFIER

AMPLITUDEMODULATOR

CARRIER

Message Signal

m(t)

+ SQUARELAW DEVICE

A sinw tm m

(ModulatingSignal)

m (t)x(t)

c (t)

A sinw tc c

(carrier)

PHYSICS

WC



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Receiver for an A.M. wave

Detector for A.M wave

RECEIVINGANTENNA

Received signalIF STAGEAMPLIFIER DETECTOR AMPLIFIER

OUTPUT

AM input wave

(a) (b) (c)

Rectified wave

Time

Output (without RF component)

AM Wave

Time Time

RECTIFIER ENVELOPEDETECTOR OUTPUT

PHYSICS



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