New generic Top-Level Domains

A brief overview byDirk Krischenowski

dotBERLIN GmbH & Co. KG (.berlin)Meissen, 25 July 2012

Some Basics

ICANN‘s Mission

Coordinates the allocation and assignment of the three sets of unique identifiers for the Internet, which area. Domain namesb. Internet protocol ("IP") addresses and

autonomous system ("AS") numbers; andc. Protocol port and parameter numbers.

Where do we come from?

Ca. 300 ccTLDs

21 gTLDs

.de

.ni

.ch

.us

.bf

.in

.台湾…

google.de

.com.info

.aero.name

.xxx.travel

.museum. …

google.com

Distribution of Domain Names

~95 MillionDomainsccTLDs

~138 MillionDomains

gTLDs

116 Mio .com/.net

Number of TLDs

Source: www.dot-nxt.com

Some new gTLD Round Facts

• Over 6 years preparation time• US$ 185,000 application fees• Broad requirements (financial, organisational,

technical, …)• Applications submitted Jan-Mai 2012

New gTLDs

Source: www.dot-nxt.com

Over 1,200New

gTLDs

Ca. 300 ccTLDs 21

gTLDs

The Future

Source: www.dot-nxt.com

ABUDHABI Abu Dhabi Systems and Information Centre AFRICA UniForum SA (NPC) trading as Registry.Africa ALSACE REGION D ALSACE AMSTERDAM Gemeente Amsterdam AQUITAINE Région d’Aquitaine BAR Punto 2012 Sociedad Anonima de Capital Variable BARCELONA Municipi de Barcelona BAYERN Bayern Connect GmbH BERLIN dotBERLIN GmbH & Co. KG BOSTON The Boston Globe Newspaper Company Inc. BRUSSELS DNS.be vzw BUDAPEST Top Level Domain Holdings Limited CAPETOWN UniForum SA (NPC) trading as ZA Central Registry CATALONIA Generalitat de Catalunya COLOGNE NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH CYMRU Nominet UK

DOHA The Supreme Council of Information and Communication Technology “ictQATAR” DOTAFRICA DotConnectAfrica Trust DUBAI Dubai eGovernment Department DURBAN UniForum SA (NPC) trading as ZA Central Registry FRL Metaregistrar B.V. GENT COMBELL GROUP NV/SA HAMBURG Hamburg Top-Level-Domain GmbH HELSINKI City of Helsinki IST Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality ISTANBUL Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality JOBURG UniForum SA (NPC) trading as ZA Central Registry KOELN NetCologne Gesellschaft für Telekommunikation mbH KYOTO Academic Institution: Kyoto Jyoho Gakuen LONDON Dot London Domains Limited MADRID Comunidad de Madrid

MELBOURNE The Crown in right of the State of Victoria, represented by its Department of Business and Innovation

MIAMI Top Level Domain Holdings Limited

MOSCOW Foundation for Assistance for Internet Technologies and Infrastructure Development (FAITID) NAGOYA GMO Registry, Inc. NRW Minds + Machines GmbH

NYC The City of New York by and through the New York City Department of Information Technology & Telecommunications

OKINAWA BusinessRalliart inc. OSAKA Interlink Co., Ltd. OSAKA GMO Registry, Inc. PARIS City of Paris QUEBEC PointQuébec Inc RIO Empresa Municipal de Informática SA - IPLANRIO ROMA Top Level Domain Holdings Limited RYUKYU BusinessRalliart inc. SAARLAND dotSaarland GmbH SCOT Dot Scot Registry Limited STOCKHOLM Stockholms kommun

SYDNEY State of New South Wales, Department of Premier and Cabinet TAIPEI Taipei City Government TIROL punkt Tirol GmbH TOKYO GMO Registry, Inc. VEGAS Dot Vegas, Inc. VLAANDEREN DNS.be vzw WALES Nominet UK WIEN punkt.wien GmbH YOKOHAMA GMO Registry, Inc. ZUERICH Kanton Zürich (Canton of Zurich) ZULU Top Level Domain Holdings Limited

Source: www.dot-nxt.com

GMX MAIL ACO ALLFINANZBERATER ALLFINANZBERATUNG ALLFINANZ ADAC AUDI BMW MINI BAYERN BLANCO REXROTH DEUTSCHEPOST TRUST EPOST DHL vermögensberatung POHL vermögensberater DVAG MED BERLIN HIV IMMO REISE SAARLAND VERSICHERUNG EDEKA FRESENIUS GEA HAMBURG IFM GMBH RICH ONL VIP ONLINE KSB LINDE MAN EMERCK MERCK NRW LLC LLP LTD SARL SRL KOELN COLOGNE OBI RUHR BOSCH RWE SAP SCHAEFFLER WEB SCHWARZGROUP SCHWARZ LIDL SEW SPIEGEL STADA TAXI GMBH TUI VIP BAUHAUS

IDNs

Source: www.dot-nxt.com

Source: www.dot-nxt.com

Source: www.dot-nxt.com

What does this mean?

Only a small add-on in Numbers

~95 MillionDomainsccTLDs

~138 MillionDomains

gTLDs~20-40 Million

new gTLD Domainsexpected

Multiple Naming Options for Google

google.com/blogblog.google.com

blog.googlegoogle.blog

…

101 Google Applications

.ADS .AND .ANDROID .APP .ARE .BABY .BLOG .BOO .BOOK .BUY .CAL .CAR .CHANNEL .CHROME .CLOUD .CORP .CPA .DAD .DAY .DCLK .DDS .DEV .DIY .DOCS .DOG .DOT .DRIVE .EARTH .EAT .ESQ .EST .FAMILY .FILM .FLY .FOO .FREE .FUN .FYI .GAME .GBIZ .GLE .GMAIL .GMBH .GOO .GOOG .GOOGLE .GUGE .HANGOUT .HERE .HOME .HOW .INC .ING .KID .LIVE .LLC .LLP .LOL .LOVE .MAIL .MAP .MBA .MED .MEME .MOM .MOTO .MOV .MOVIE .MUSIC .NEW .NEXUS .PAGE .PET .PHD .PLAY .PLUS .PROD .PROF .RSVP .SEARCH .SHOP .SHOW .SITE .SOY .SPOT .SRL .STORE .TALK .TEAM .TECH .TOUR .TUBE .VIP .WEB .WOW .YOU .

YOUTUBE .ZIP . みんな . グーグル . 谷歌

101 Google Applications

.ADS .AND .ANDROID .APP .ARE .BABY .BLOG .BOO .BOOK .BUY .CAL .CAR .CHANNEL .CHROME .CLOUD .CORP .CPA .DAD .DAY .DCLK .DDS .DEV .DIY .DOCS .DOG .DOT .DRIVE .EARTH .EAT .ESQ .EST .FAMILY .FILM .FLY .FOO .FREE .FUN .FYI .GAME .GBIZ .GLE .GMAIL .GMBH .GOO .GOOG .GOOGLE .GUGE .HANGOUT .HERE .HOME .HOW .INC .ING .KID .LIVE .LLC .LLP .LOL .LOVE .MAIL .MAP .MBA .MED .MEME .MOM .MOTO .MOV .MOVIE .MUSIC .NEW .NEXUS .PAGE .PET .PHD .PLAY .PLUS .PROD .PROF .RSVP .SEARCH .SHOP .SHOW .SITE .SOY .SPOT .SRL .STORE .TALK .TEAM .TECH .TOUR .TUBE .VIP .WEB .WOW .YOU .

YOUTUBE .ZIP . みんな . グーグル . 谷歌

All gTLDs for Googles own exclusive use

75 Amazon Applications

.AMAZON .APP .AUDIBLE .AUTHOR .AWS .BOOK .BOT

.BOX .BUY .CALL .CIRCLE .CLOUD .COUPON .DEAL .DEV .DRIVE .FAST .FIRE .FREE .GAME .GOT .GROUP .HOT .IMDB .JOT .JOY .KIDS .KINDLE .LIKE .MAIL .MAP .MOBILE .MOI .MOVIE .MUSIC .NEWS .NOW .PAY .PIN .PLAY .PRIME .READ .ROOM .SAFE .SAVE .SEARCH .SECURE .SHOP .SHOW .SILK .SMILE .SONG .SPOT .STORE .TALK .TUNES .TUSHU .VIDEO .WANGGOU .WOW .YAMAXUN .YOU .YUN .ZAPPOS .ZERO . アマゾン . クラウド . ストア . セール . ファッション . ポイント .

亚马逊 . 家電 . 書籍 . 通販 . 食品

A closer Look

Special gTLDs

3 – Applicant Support Program

66 – Geographical Name

84 – Community-based

116 – IDNs

Intersections

Typical Operation Models

The Closed Shop

• All domain names are for exclusive use of the applicant

• No public sale of domain names

.CARTIER and most other brands

.ZUERICH / .RIO / .HELSINKI

.BOOK (by Google)

The Community

• All domain names are for exclusive use of community members

• Validation of all domain names/registrants• Other strict policies

.HOTEL

.INSURANCE

.MADRID

The Open ones

• Domain names can be registered by everybody wordwide

• Policies like .com

.APP

.ONLINE

.NYC / .LONDON

.berlin• Broad community & governmental support• Nexus requirement for registrants• Reasonable policy set

Double Strategy

• One closed shop gTLD for internal organizational use

• One open gTLD for the public

.BCN / .BARCELONA

The Monetization Guys

1. Sale/auction of some 1,000 top key domain names

2. Wait for a buyer of the whole gTLD

.HOME

.SALE

.ART

Some Issues

The Safeguards before the Root

• Public comments by everybody• Objections by eligible parties (similarity,

trademark, community, morality & public order)

• Independent Objector• Governmental Early Warnings• GAC Advice

Controversial Applications

.sex / .porn / .adult

.church / .bible

.patagonia

Still technical Challenges

IDN & email

http://gtld

Remarkable Applications

• .KERRYLOGISITICS

• Merck (2 companies – 6 applications).MERCK / .MERCK / .MERCK / .EMERCK / .MSD / .MERCKMSD

• L‘Oreal

• .IST / ISTANBUL

Remarkable Applications

• Bring your own contention set:.ALLFINANZ .ALLFINANZBERATER .ALLFINANZBERATUNG

• The 18-character league:.NORTHWESTERNMUTUAL .TRAVELERSINSURANCE .NORTHLANDINSURANCE

Past Problems

• Lengthy gTLD policy developement led to a massive 1,930 landrush

• Tech Glitches & Digital Archery

Some Problems ahead

• Monopolization of generic terms (.book, .map)• Exclusive use of generic terms (closed registry)• Multiple applications by same applicant• Similarity: .ECO / .GREEN .NGO / .NG / .NO

Some Problems ahead

What to do with the excess funds:

• ~ US$ 100 Mio. from applications• ~ US$ X00 Mio. from auctions