DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT DEPARTMENT OF DECK S elçuk N as...

DOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITYDOKUZ EYLUL UNIVERSITYSCHOOL OF SCHOOL OF MARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENTMARITIME BUSINESS AND MANAGEMENT

DEPARTMENT OF DECKDEPARTMENT OF DECK

Selçuk NasSELÇUK NAS

TIDE&

TIDE DIAMOND




TIDEVertical rise and fall of the surface of a body of water caused

primarily by the differences in gravitational attraction of the moon, and to a lesser extent of the sun, upon different parts of the earth.

Moon is many times closer to the earth than the sun therefore gravitational pull is 2 1/4 times more pronounced




What Causes TidesStrong gravitational pull of the moon on the side of the earth nearest the sun, Strong outward centrifugal force generated by the earth-moon system on the opposite side of the earth, Cause the water on the earth’s surface to bulge out in the form of high tides on both sides. The same phenomenon occurs between the sun and the earth but on a much smaller scale.

The moon revolves around the earth once each month. Lunar or Tidal day - 24 hrs and 50 min

Earth rotates beneath it in the same direction. Most locations on earth experience four tides per day.

Each successive high and low tide constitutes one tide cycle. Tide patterns are distorted from the normal 4-tide pattern because of the effects of land masses, constrained waterways, friction, the Coriolis effect, and other effects.




Declination of The Moon

Large High Tide

Small High Tide

X Y




Lowest Astronomical Tide LAT

Highest Astronomical Tide HAT

Mean Low Water MLW

Mean High Water MHW

Mean Low Water Springs MLWS

Mean High Water Springs MHWS

Mean Low Water Neaps MLWN

Mean High Water Neaps MHWN

Mean Lower Low Water MLLW

Mean Higher High Water MHHW

Mean Higher Low Water MHLW

Mean Lower High Water MLHW

Spring tide Sp

Neap tide Np




BOTTOM

CHARTED DEPTH

MHWS

CHART ELEVATION

WATER LEVEL

AIR DRAFT

DRAFTMHWN

MHWS

MLWS

MLWN

CHART DATUM ( LATW ) Hig

h of

Tid

e (H

OT)







BA TIDE TABLEBA TIDE TABLE




BA TIDE DIAMONDBA TIDE DIAMOND




Current = the horizontal movement of a body of water.

Causes:

Gravitational effects of sun and moon Heating and cooling of Earth’s atmosphereWinds blowing across the ocean’s surfaceChanges in salinity due to rain and evaporationThe Coriolis effect

Set - the direction of the currents motionDrift - the velocity of the currentSet & Drift represent the vector added to ship’s motion by the current

TIDE CURRENT





1400 DR7th Feb.

HW

LW

1010

1410 DR

SET : 2650

Drift : 2,6 Knot For Spring Tide 1,3 Knot Neap Tide





1400 DR7th Feb.

HW

LW

1410 DR

SET : 2650


We will check Mean Range and Actual Range for Actual Drift

OK





1400 DR7th Feb.

1410 DR

SET : 2650


ACTUAL RANGE = 5,5 mMEAN RANGES Springs = 6 mNeaps = 3,2 m

We will compare ranges and make a interpolation





1400 DR7th Feb.

1410 DR

SET : 2650


Springs = 6 m 2,6 Knot

Neaps = 3,2 m 1,3 Knot1,3 Knot2,8 m

Z

0,5 m Y

ACTUAL RANGE = 5,5 m

Y = ( 0,5 x 1,3 ) / 2,8Y = 0,23

Z = 2,6 – 0,23Z = 2,37 = 2,4 Knot

MEAN RANGES Springs = 6 mNeaps = 3,2 m

ACTUAL RANGE = 5,5 m





1400 DR7th Feb.

1410 DR

SET : 2650

Drift : 2,4




Questions




HW

LW

ACTUAL RANGE = HW – LW6,5 – 15,5 m

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