DOE’s “New” National Strategy for Waste Management Christine Gelles Director, Commercial...
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Transcript of DOE’s “New” National Strategy for Waste Management Christine Gelles Director, Commercial...
DOE’s “New” National Strategy for Waste Management
Christine GellesDirector, Commercial Disposition Options, EM-12
Office of Environmental Management
Federal Facilities Task Force Meeting
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
“A decade ago, environmental cleanup was a ‘boutique industry.’ Today, it’s a cost of doing business.”
- Former Under Secretary of Energy
Robert Card
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
EM’s “Sweet 16” Programmatic Waste Management Environmental
Impact Statement -- a decade old 1st five years – planning, scoping
2nd five years – analysis, negotiation, coordination3rd five years – decisions, wide-spread
implementation, reform Today – refining strategy, significant results
Getting to this point…
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Along the way… Budgets grew…and peaked in FY 2005 (~$7.1B) Strategies matured
Technical, acquisition, project planning
Priorities identified Risk reduction, safety, acceleration
Significant results achieved Team diversified Increased use of commercial services
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Curtailed corporate life-cycle waste projections Obstacles to disposition paths Legal challenges to waste management policy Technical issues Contract protests Ambitious goals Unsuccessful realignment proposals Programmatic vulnerabilities Key stakeholder concerns
Growing pains?
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
EM Project overview EM project is well defined with controlled scope, cost and
schedule— Complete cleanup by 2035, at a cost of ~$142B.
EM budget reflects significant progress to close major sites by 2006.— FY 2005 Comparable Appropriation -- $7.054B— FY 2006 Congressional Budget Request -- $6.505B
Scope includes remediation and processing of approximately:– 25 tons of plutonium– 108 tons of plutonium residues– 88 million gallons of radioactive liquid waste– 2,500 tons of spent nuclear fuel– 137,000 cubic meters of transuranic waste– 1.3 million cubic meters of low-level waste– 324 nuclear facilities, 3,300 industrial facilities, hundreds of radiological facilities
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Ensuring disposition paths are identified for all EM waste and materials
Providing and coordinating disposition resources Optimizing operations of DOE’s waste management
facilities Improving EM’s transportation infrastructure and
ensuring all shipments are completed safely and compliantly
Responding to dynamic circumstances Addressing “gridlock”
Transportation logistics and waste disposition are key to the success of the EM Project
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
EM’s transportation efforts are significant
In FY 2004, we completed approximately 20,000 shipments of radioactive waste and material— Most were LLW (~15,000) & MLLW (~1,500)— Include both Highway (~18,600) & Rail (~1,400)
In FY 2005, potential for 40,000 shipments
A complex network… Shipment lines do not portray actual transportation routes. This map is not inclusive of all past or planned shipments.
DOE Generator Site (no on-site disposal facility) DOE Offsite Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility (NTS and Hanford are also generator sites and dispose of some waste onsite)
DOE Offsite Radioactive Waste Treatment Facility
Commercial Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility (Note: Envirocare also treats waste)
DOE Onsite Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility
Waste Isolation Pilot Plant
Nevada Test Site
Lawrence Livermore
Hanford
Yucca Mtn (proposed)
Envirocare
Rocky Flats
Idaho National Lab
Waste Control Specialists Savannah River
Los Alamos
West Valley Brookhaven
Oak Ridge
Paducah
Portsmouth
Mound
Fernald
To Nevada Test Site
To Nevada Test Site
To Envirocare
To Yucca Mtn
To Hanford
Transuranic Waste Disposal Shipment Low-Level Waste/Mixed Low-Level Waste Disposal ShipmentSpent Nuclear Fuel/High-Level Waste Disposal Shipment
Commercial Radioactive Waste Treatment Facility
Permafix
To Oak Ridge Treatment
To Oak Ridge Treatment
Low-Level Waste/Mixed Low-Level Waste Treatment Shipment
Permafix
Pacific EcoSolutions
Argonne
Transuranic Waste Processing/Storage Shipment Spent Nuclear Fuel Storage, Treatment, or Repackaging Shipment
Columbus
To Waste Isolation Pilot
Plant
To Permafix
From Naval Reactor sites located in several
states
From Naval Reactor sites located in several states
Stanford Linear AcceleratorPrinceton
Fermi
Major DOE Radioactive Waste Transfers (includes commercial facilities)Waste exports from DOE Generator Sites are shown in the incoming shipment boxes for the treatment and disposal facilities. This map is not inclusive of all past or planned shipments.
Incoming Waste Shipment
Outgoing Waste Shipment
EXHIBIT B
Lawrence Livermore National Lab (LLNL)
Stanford Linear Accelerator Lab (SLAC)
Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP)
Nevada Test Site (NTS)
Hanford
•MLLW/LLW from ANL-E, BNL, Fermi, Hanford, INL, Naval Reactor Sites, Paducah, Portsmouth, PPPL, RF, SLAC, and SR for disposal [Naval Reactor sites are located in several states and are not shown on map]•TRU from Columbus for processing/storage
•SNF and HLW to Yucca Mtn for disposal•SNF to INL for storage•TRU to WIPP for disposal •MLLW to PEcoS, Permafix, and OR for treatment
•SNF from Hanford, OR, and WV, and D/FRR for storage, treatment, or repackaging •M/LLW from INL for disposal
•HLW, SNF, and D/FRR to Yucca Mtn for disposal•TRU to WIPP for disposal•MLLW/LLW to Envirocare, Hanford, and NTS for disposal•MLLW to PEcoS, Permafix, and OR for treatment
Yucca Mtn (proposed)
HLW and SNF from Hanford, INL, SR, and WV, and D/FRR for disposal
Envirocare
MLLW/LLW from ANL-E, BNL, Columbus, Fermi, Fernald, INL, LANL, LLNL, Mound, Paducah, Portsmouth, OR, RF, SLAC, SR, and WV for treatment and/or disposal
Rocky Flats (RF)
Idaho National Lab (INL)
•MLLW to OR for treatment•TRU to WIPP for disposal
MLLW/LLW from ANL-E, Fernald, INL, LANL, LLNL, Mound, NTS, Paducah, Portsmouth, PPPL, OR, RF, SR, and WV for disposal
TRU from ANL-E. BNL, Hanford, INL, LANL, LLNL, NTS, OR, RF, SR, and WV for disposal
Waste Control Specialists
MLLW from RF for treatment
•SNF from OR and D/FRR for storage, treatment, or repackaging •TRU from Mound for processing/storage•LLW from SR and Naval Reactors for disposal
•HLW and SNF to Yucca Mtn for disposal•TRU to WIPP for disposal•MLLW/LLW to Envirocare, Hanford, and NTS for disposal•MLLW to OR for treatment
Savannah River (SR)
Los Alamos National Lab (LANL)
West Valley (WV)Brookhaven National Lab (BNL)
•MLLW from Fernald, Hanford, INL, LLNL, NTS, OR, Paducah, Portsmouth, RF, and SR for treatment•MLLW/LLW from OR for disposal
•SNF to INL and SR for storage, treatment, or repackaging •TRU to WIPP for disposal•MLLW/LLW to Envirocare and NTS, for disposal
Oak Ridge (OR)
Paducah
Portsmouth
Mound
Fernald
Argonne National Lab-East (ANL-E)
Pacific EcoSolutions (PEcoS)
MLLW from Hanford, INL, and RF for treatment
MLLW from INL and RF for treatment
Permafix
Permafix
MLLW from Hanford, INL, LLNL, RF, and SR for treatment
DOE Generator Site (no on-site disposal facility) DOE Off-site Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility (NTS and Hanford are also generator sites and dispose of some waste on-site)
DOE Off-site Waste Treatment Facility
DOE On-site Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility
Low-Level Waste (LLW) Mixed Low-Level Waste (MLLW) High-Level Waste (HLW) Spent Nuclear Fuel (SNF) Domestic/Foreign Research Reactor Fuel (D/FRR) Transuranic Waste (TRU)
Commercial Radioactive Waste Treatment Facility
Commercial Radioactive Waste Disposal Facility (Note: Envirocare also treats waste)
Columbus
Princeton Plasma Physics Lab (PPPL)
Fermi National Accelerator Lab
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
DOE’s Waste Disposal Facility Configuration
Hanford
Pantex Plant
Rocky Flats
Brookhaven
Knolls
Princeton (PPPL)
Savannah River
Oak Ridge
ITRIGeneral Atomics
ETECSandiaSLAC
LBNL LEHR
LLNL
Ames RMI
ANL-E
Fermi
Portsmouth
Paducah
Mound
BCL
Bettis
Kansas City
ANL-W
NTS
INL
CERCLA Disposal Facility
Fernald
Regional Disposal Facility
DOE Generator Site (no on-site disposal facility)
LLW Operations Disposal Facility
MLLW Operations Disposal Facility
MLLW Operations Disposal Facility (currently on-site waste only)
Legend
Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP)
LANL
Sandia
WIPP
West Valley
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Key lessons to date…
Circumstances will change – flexibility is a must Seeking alternate strategies for wastes planned for
disposal at Hanford pending resolution of litigation Alternate strategy for Fernald silo wastes, managed as
11e.(2) by-product material Re-evaluation of planned closure of the TSCA
Incinerator at Oak Ridge Get back to basics
Core project management – clear scope and realistic schedule goals
Incentivize performance Pursue economies of scale Seek and preserve alternatives
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
The “new” strategy for waste management Document the complex-wide program in formal
schedules Integrate sites’ baselines Identify interfaces Gap analysis Cost analysis
Target problem waste streams (“orphans”) Resume corporate life-cycle waste data system Provide corporate treatment opportunities
Complete broad spectrum Pursue new acquisition
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Integration is our organizational mandate
Developing national strategies – business cases – for transportation and waste disposition
Integrating sites’ parallel efforts to accelerate cleanup Enabling and improving on baseline plans
Deputy Asst. Secretary for Logistics and Waste Disposition Enhancements
Frank Marcinowski
Transportation
Dennis Ashworth
Federal Disposition Options
Cynthia Anderson
Commercial Disposition Options
Christine Gelles
HLW, SNF, SNM, TRUGTCC, LLW, MLLW, 11e2
Most wastes/materials
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Additional Detail
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Current DOE/EM Waste Management Policy
LLW and MLLW: If practical, disposal on the site at which it is generated If on site disposal not available, at another DOE disposal facility At commercial disposal facilities if compliant, cost effective, and
in best interest of the Department
TRU waste: If defense, disposed at Waste Isolation Pilot Plant, New Mexico If non-defense, safe storage awaiting future disposition
HLW and SNF Stabilization, if necessary, and safe storage until geologic disposal
is available
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Multiple onsite disposal cells (mostly CERCLA) for site-specific remediation wastes
Two regional LLW disposal facilities – Hanford and Nevada Test Site (NTS)
Planned: Two regional MLLW disposal facilities Hanford currently limited to onsite MLLW
NTS has submitted application for RCRA Part B Permit National repository for defense TRU waste – WIPP (Carlsbad, NM) TSCA Incinerator (Oak Ridge, TN) However, EM also disposes of large volumes of LLW and MLLW at
commercial facilities
EM’s Waste Management Assets
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Use of commercial capabilities allows optimization of resources and supports acceleration efforts
Treatment and packaging Certification to disposal criteria Interim storage Disposal Transfer for future release and disposal Support for accelerated site closure
In many cases, the resolution of waste issue requires cooperation among multiple vendors and sites
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
EM senior management monitors transportation activity and events closely
EM Office of Transportation established and deployed to institutionalize transportation safety o Transportation Risk Reductiono Legislative & Regulatory Complianceo Site Support & Logisticso Emergency Preparedness & Outreach
In FY 2004, we completed approximately 23,000 shipments of radioactive waste and material— Shipment numbers significantly increased as site cleanup and
closure continue— Utilized both highway and rail shipments
Transportation safety is critical….
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
Significantly increased volumes of waste disposed
Worked off vast majority of stored legacy waste
Resolved large quantities of “orphan wastes” at closure sites
Took steps to fully implement DOE’s complex-wide waste management policies and strategies
Over the last several years, we’ve made tremendous progress in waste management
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
In FY04, EM had 23 reported off-site incidents.— Most significant incident was the release of radioactive material
onto road surfaces at Oak Ridge— Other areas of concern -- load securement and shipping paper
violations
FY04 Incident Rate = 23/2.0 = 11.5 Incidents/10,000 Shipments
In FY05 year-to-date, EM has had 9 reported incidents representing a ~30% reduction from the same period in FY04.—Transportation Incident Review -- Management review of
corrective actions and sharing of lessons learned among sites
Transportation safety is critical
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
There will be significant developments in 2005
National strategy for LLW/MLLW disposition
— Workshop in May 2005 Complex-wide treatment acquisition
— Broad Spectrum contract expires mid-2005— Seeking commercial alternatives to TSCAI
Initiation of NEPA for greater-than-class C waste disposition Re-evaluation of commercial waste disposal needs and the Low-
Level Radioactive Waste Policy Act
— Maintaining delicate balance between Federal and private sectors
Office of Environmental Management
Safe for the Workers, Protective of the Environment, and Respectful of the Taxpayer
EM’s Top to Bottom Review Secretary of Energy concerned by EM program’s lack of
focus and the uncontrolled cost and schedule required to complete the cleanup mission
Top to Bottom Review (Feb 2002) concluded significant opportunities existed to accelerate risk reduction and better focus resources on cleanup
Top to Bottom Review became a mandate for significant changes within the program Strategic plans to accelerate risk reduction and cleanup (Site “Accelerated
Cleanup Plans”) Project controls and validated baselines Aggressive contract reform Realignment of resources and refined mission focus Reorganization