Redalyc.Climate change and effects on vegetation in Veracruz ...
Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South...
-
Upload
carl-roach -
Category
Documents
-
view
212 -
download
0
Transcript of Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South...
![Page 1: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Does effective policy change require a change in culture?
Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program
Tim DendyManager, Sustainable Landscapes, DWLBC
June 2007
Photos: J Quarmby, P Lang, J van Weenen – provided by P Copley, Senior Ecologist, DEHCartoons: Tim Dendy
![Page 2: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Initial challenge• Incentives & disincentives• Legislation change• The need for new initiatives
Observations will cover
![Page 3: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Initial challenge1970s – general concern
about the pace of land clearing
![Page 4: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
1970s – Land degradation evident
Initial challenge
![Page 5: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Initial challenge
1970s – Native plants and animals at risk
Pterostylis cucullata
Delmar impar057
Swamp antechinus
Caladenia woolcockiorum
EP Yellow Tailed Black Cockatoo
Mallee fowl
![Page 6: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
1970s:> 75% of Agricultural Regions cleared
The publication of this map appeared to be the key tool in raising awareness and general support for action.
Initial
challenge
![Page 7: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
1980 – Voluntary Heritage Agreement/incentive
scheme – interim measure
• Native vegetation proposed for clearance assessed for its significance
• Landholders encouraged to not clear significant areas
• Incentives (or removing disincentives) provided:• relief from local and state government rates and charges
• fencing subsidies
• grants for management of native vegetation
• management advice
• New legal agreement tool – heritage agreements• The first agreement mechanism binding successors in title to
positive management actions
• Provided security for government investment in off-park conservation actions
Incentives
![Page 8: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Was there a changeIn culture?
1980 – Voluntary Heritage Agreement/incentive scheme – interim measure
Challenges• Program unsuccessful in stemming the rate of clearance
• 190 applications to clear assessed:• only 5 applied for a heritage agreement• only 3 entered into a heritage agreement
• Incentives not sufficient to change behaviour of people wanting to clear land
Positives• Program popular with many landholders – particularly in
rural/urban fringe – large number of applications
• Heritage Agreements paved the way for use of ‘conservation covernants’ across the country
• Generally accepted that incentives needed to be supported by controls
Incentives
![Page 9: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
1982 – New government sought introduction of controls within six months of election.
• 1983 - Clearance controls first introducedClearance prescribed as a change of land use – required approval of SA Planning Commission
• Introduced overnight – no consultation – aim to avoid panic clearing
Legislation
![Page 10: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
LegislationChallenges
• Significant increase in applications to clear
• Perverse outcome – landholders advance clearing program
• Approval – 50% of area applied for – I.e. clearing rate increased
• Initial significant adverse reaction from farming sector – particularly concerned about lack of compensation
• Controls could only stop clearing – could not require management.
• Significant resources required to manage unforseen number of applications
Positives
• General bipartisan political acceptance that controls needed
• SA Farmer organisation cooperated with Government to develop new legislative controls
1983 – Planning controls
Was there a changeIn culture?
![Page 11: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
1985 – Native Vegetation Management Act
• Controls tightened – no link to planning legislation• Decision based on value of native vegetation
• Right to payment (compensation) if land placed under a Heritage Agreement (loss in value of the land) – aim to not set a precedent under planning legislation
• Decisions by a 5 member authority• Included representation from farmer and conservation interest
groups
Legislation
![Page 12: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
1985 – Native Vegetation Management Act
Legislation
Challenges
• Approx $80 m spent on payments 1985 – 1991 (budgeted for approx $15m)
• Some landholder concern that less land approved for clearance
• Some concern that heritage agreements not ‘voluntary’ – concern for future management
Positives
• General SA Farmer organisation and bipartisan political acceptance for legislation
• SA Farmer organisation recognises the need to manage retained native vegetation
Was there a changeIn culture?
![Page 13: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
1991 - present – Native Vegetation Act
• Controls tightened• Decision (7 member council) based on value of native vegetation
for:• biodiversity conservation• controlling land degradation and water quality• amenity
• Proposed land use required to be sustainable
• Payments (compensation) no longer a right
• From 2002
• Council may not approve clearance of broadacre native vegetation
• clearance to be offset by a significant environmental benefit
• Exemptions expanded to allow greater flexibility (inc broadacre native vegetation)
• From 2004
• Initiative introduced: building better relationships with landholders to achieve improved biodiversity outcomes
• Recognise that to improve biodiversity - need to also increase farm income
• Supported by admin and legislation change
Legislation
![Page 14: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Was there a changeIn culture?
1991 - present – Native Vegetation Act
Legislation
Challenges
• recent desire for ‘sea change’ has resulted in significant pressure from developers to relax the controls
• Conservation interests concerned – too much clearance possible
• continued biodiversity loss: offsets may not result in better biodiversity outcome; short-term loss expected
• monitoring and compliance needs adequate resourcing
Positives
• General support from farmers and mining sectors
• Offsets arguably provides a system that at least reduces the conflict between development and conservation outcomes
• assist in holding the line against future loss of biodiversity
• potential environmental gain
![Page 15: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
So the question remains - have
we changed culture through
these policy initiatives?
![Page 16: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
YES –there has been
progressivesupport forbiodiversity
conservationinitiatives
![Page 17: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Do we needto do more?
Perceived pressures on biodiversity if only rely on controls
Focus of clearance controls and reservessystem– holding the line
Focus of other initiativesEg nature linksRecovery of extinction debt
![Page 18: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
What can we do to accelerate landscape scale effort?
• Encourage and support further cultural change
• biodiversity valued by all sectors as an asset
• business opportunities for biodiversity management
• look for innovative solutions, partnerships, collaboration
• multiple benefits
Supported by:
• sustainable source of funding
• knowledge – how best to restore ecosystem function
• planning – where best to restore (regional NRM planning)
• new tools & policy options – legal instruments etc
• legislative support
The need for new tools
![Page 19: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
![Page 20: Does effective policy change require a change in culture? Some observations from the South Australian native vegetation management program Tim Dendy Manager,](https://reader036.fdocuments.us/reader036/viewer/2022070307/551b3f52550346dd1a8b55c0/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Or we can follow Noah’s solution!