Does city planning need a bigger picture?
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Transcript of Does city planning need a bigger picture?
Does City Does City Planning need a Planning need a bigger picture?bigger picture?
Land Use Policy in Land Use Policy in Global EconomiesGlobal Economies
Jim Riddell, Ph.D.
1. Earth resources are finite1. Earth resources are finite2. Everything is linked to 2. Everything is linked to
everything elseeverything else
Land Land WaterWater MineralsMinerals Air qualityAir quality Atmospheric changeAtmospheric change Bio diversityBio diversity And everything elseAnd everything else
Urban centers depend on the Urban centers depend on the rural sector for necessities rural sector for necessities
AirAir FoodFood WaterWater Raw materialsRaw materials
DemographyDemographyUrbanizationUrbanization
•There more people living in cities today than the entire world’s population at the end of WWII
Who wants to be a farmer?Who wants to be a farmer?
• Rural areas are no longer the engine Rural areas are no longer the engine of economic growth for a nation – it of economic growth for a nation – it is now the cityis now the city
Age and gender trends in cities and Age and gender trends in cities and in agriculturein agriculture
People are voting with their feetPeople are voting with their feet
AirAir
7th International Conference on 7th International Conference on Air Air Quality – Science and Application Quality – Science and Application 24-27 March 2009, Istanbul, Turkey 24-27 March 2009, Istanbul, Turkey
Urban trees, not the same rural treesUrban trees, not the same rural trees pollutants : CO, SO2, NO2, O3, Pb, pollutants : CO, SO2, NO2, O3, Pb,
PM10, heavy metals PM10, heavy metals
Globalizing foodGlobalizing food
Taken from Haggblade, et al, IFPRI
Global food trade
Global food production
versus
Picture source: Freelancer.com
Water allocationWater allocationWater Use
1
2
3
Domestic
Industry
Agriculture
Raw MaterialsRaw Materials
Source: Greenpeace Photo collection
Source: Travel Pod
How to control so many How to control so many variablesvariables
Three Gorges Dam
Unintended Unintended ConsequencesConsequences
– UnavoidableUnavoidable Most advanced Most advanced
computers and computers and software are software are devoted to devoted to weather weather forecastingforecasting
Do you still look Do you still look out the window?out the window?
Government is not the Government is not the same thing as “governance”same thing as “governance”
GovernmentGovernment is the organization of is the organization of authority and public policyauthority and public policy
GovernanceGovernance is about how to is about how to implement policyimplement policy– How to get things doneHow to get things done
Administrative Capital Administrative Capital Savings?Savings?
More demands by More demands by public for greater public for greater intervention in intervention in natural resource and natural resource and land managementland management
Rapid rise in Rapid rise in governance costsgovernance costs
FinancialFinancial PhysicalPhysical HumanHuman Social/culturalSocial/cultural
US Government Expenditures
Source: Wolfram Alpha
New approachesNew approaches There might be a way forward There might be a way forward
Inclusive economiesInclusive economies– The more users, the more valuableThe more users, the more valuable– In addition to, not a replacement In addition to, not a replacement
Inclusive technologies: Inclusive technologies: – Value is in the informationValue is in the information– The more complete, the more valuable The more complete, the more valuable
Inclusive modelsInclusive models
Inclusive ModelInclusive Model– Internet: more Internet: more
users the more users the more valuablevaluable
InformationInformation MapsMaps GoodsGoods ServicesServices
– Cell phoneCell phone– Credit cardsCredit cards– Smart cardsSmart cards
Exclusive modelExclusive model– Value from Value from
exclusive ownershipexclusive ownership InformationInformation Maps (limited no.)Maps (limited no.) StoresStores CompaniesCompanies
– Owner of the linesOwner of the lines– Checks, drafts, etcChecks, drafts, etc– Independent Independent
operatorsoperators
Inclusive governance Inclusive governance strategiesstrategies
Not because it is “good” but Not because it is “good” but because it is necessarybecause it is necessary
Inclusive Governance ModelsInclusive Governance Models
Inclusive technologies make it Inclusive technologies make it possiblepossible– GPSGPS– GISGIS– Cell PhonesCell Phones– InternetInternet– Information->analysis->discussion Information->analysis->discussion
->implementation->implementation
Urban governance cannot be Urban governance cannot be separated from rural governanceseparated from rural governance
Complementary Complementary
Complementary Complementary investments to investments to increase rural increase rural capacity to meet capacity to meet new urban new urban demandsdemands