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MMAXAXRRTMTM

TTrreaeatmenttment PrProcessocessMaximum Removal of Soluble Species Using

Physical Chemical Treatment

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What is MaxR... Improved Process Treatment Technology

Maximum Rate (Dewatering)

Maximum Reaction Rate

Maximum Reaction Efficiency

Maximum Reaction Stability

Maximum Reduction of sludgevolume/mass

Let the MaxR System Work for You

Maximum Results

Maximum Recovery

Maximum Removal

Maximum Rho ( density)

Maximum Return of CapitalInvestment

Conventional Treatment

The standard method by which dissolved metals and

other soluble species involves addition of reagents into theprocess stream to drive precipitation and form solids. Solids

precipitated in this manner form very finely divided particles

which settle slowly, forming a low density sludge that is

difficult to dewater.

MaxR Process Treatment Technology

The MaxR Process improves on this basic process by using

recycled thickener underflow to serve as precipitation sitesfor fresh solids. Underflow solids are recycled and mixed

with incoming feed reducing chemicals required. Newly

precipitated solids grow on top of existing particles forming

large crystals that settle rapidly to a higher final density.

The ultimate discharge slurry density of a material

(solids concentration) can be increased by 5-30 wt% over

conventional treatment. In addition, if mechanical dewatering

is used, the dewatering rate is greatly increased due to the

high density of the feed sludge and improved dewatering

characteristics of the solids. Subsequently the size and the

cost of the dewatering equipment are reduced.

Equipment Required for Conventional Treatment Flow

Equipment Required forMaxR Process Treatment Technology

Sludge Disposal /Transport

PolishFiltration

Precipitation

Precipitation

Sedimentation

SludgeFiltration

Chemical(s)

SludgeDisposal /Transport

PolishFiltration

Precipitation

Precipitation

Sedimentation

SludgeFiltration

Chemical(s)

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MaxR System Optimization and Dorr-Oliver Eimco Equipment

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E-CAT

ClarifierDeep Cone Paste

Thickeners

Granular Media Filters(OTG, SVG, VPF,

SBWFilter Styles)

Reactor-Clarifier UnitConvention Clarifier withE-DUC Feedwell

Oxallizer

Oxidation Reactor

Reaction Vessels

Sludge Disposal

Effluent Discharge

Shriver Filter PressRotary Vacuum Filters(EIMCOBeltRVF)

Dorr-Oliver Eimco HorizontalBelt Vacuum Filter

SBW

Filtration Process

Sedimentation Process

Final Filtration

Vertical PressureFilter VPF

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Complete Turnkey Responsibility

Dorr-Oliver Eimco has been a

leader in the manufacture of

process equipment for the past 50

years. We have successfully

integrated this significant process

expertise into the service of

providing complete project and

process responsibility. Specifically,

we can offer the following:

Bench Scale Testing

Pilot Scale Testing (On-site or at our facility)

Flow Sheet Development and Optimization

Equipment Sizing and Integration

Equipment Supply

Detail Engineering

Construction Management

Start-up and Operator training

Continued Parts / Service Department

COMPLETE Process System Design and Control

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Complete Project and Process Responsibility

The MaxR Treatment Process can be applied in any

application where chemical precipitation occurs and where

the process can be modified to control the reaction process.

Applications where Dorr-Oliver Eimco has obtained process

improvement include:

Magnesium Hydroxide Production

Acid Mine Drainage (Metal Hydroxides and CaSO4)

Steel Mill Acid Pickle (FeCl3, HCl)

Water Softening [Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2, SiO2]

Rare Earth Oxide Production (Lead Sulfide)

Chemical Plant Wastewater (Calcium Fluoride)

Agra-Fuel Ethanol Production (CaSO4, Metal Oxides)

Phosphate Wastewater Treatment [CaF2, CaSO4, Ca(PO4)3]

Mineral Sands Beneficiation (Iron Hydroxide and CaSO4)

Brine Treatment in Caustic Chlorine and Food

Applications (CaCO3)

Mineral Leaching Solution Treatment

(Metal Oxides and CaSO4)

Ground Water Treatment in Natural Gas Field

(Barium Sulfate)

Typical Applications

Ground Water Treatment

(Calcium Carbonate, Fluoride and Boron)

Titanium Dioxide Wastewater Treatment

(Iron/Metal Hydroxides/Calicum Sulfate)

Industrial Wastewater from Latex Manufacture

(Magnesium Hydroxide)

Fluoro-Hydrocarbon Manufacture Wastewater

(Calcium Fluoride & Arsenic)

Aluminum Reduction Facility Wet Scrubber

(Calcium Fluoride and Sulfate)

Power Plant Wastewater (Metal Selenium Sulfites)

MaxR Process Portable Pilot Unit

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Caustic-Chlorine/Brine Treatment

Dorr-Oliver Eimco has successfully applied the MaxR

Process for use in brine treatment, where removal of soluble

magnesium, silica, and other metals as precipitated solids is

required. Several installations have enabled us to demonstrate

the MaxR Process performance in saturated brine applica-

tions. Specifically at the most recent installation in Louisiana,

we had the opportunity to compare the MaxR Process

versus a Conventional Treatment System that has yet to be

upgraded to a MaxR Process. MaxR treatment technology

generated superior effluent quality, produced a more dense

sludge, and reduced the quantity of chemicals required.

Effluent Comparison (Settling Time = 5 minutes)

MaxRProcess requires less excess chemicals to achieve

same removal of a soluble species. Shown, in the chart to the

left, is the calcium removal versus excess carbonate required

in brine treatment.

The MaxR Treatment Process

Dramatically Improves Brine Treatment Performance

Maximize treatment capacity with minimized

capital/operating costs

No External Reaction Tanks Required

Reduced Sludge Filter Size

Maximizes Savings in Sludge Disposal Costs

Filter cake solids increases from 15-40 wt% to 40-70 wt%

Maximizes Dewatering Equipment Performance

Clarifier loading increases from 0.5 m/hr to 1.5 m/hr

Clarifier Underflow solids increase from 3-10 wt% to 15-40 wt%

Filtration rate increases by 3X-20X compared to Conventional

Treatment Processes

Maximizes Utilization of Chemical Additives. Reactant Chemical Consumption is Reduced by 5-25%

Excess Chemical Concentrations Reduced by 25-50%

Excess Na2CO3 400-600 ppm

Excess NaOH 150-300 ppm

Maximizes System Chemical Stability

Maximizes Metals Removal Producing Lower Effluent

Concentration

Soluble Calcium from clarifier 0.45-1.25ppm

Soluble Magnesium from clarifier 0.025-0.04ppm

Soluble Silica reduce to less than 3 ppm as SiO2

Soluble Calicum vs. Excess Carbonate Required

Typical MaxR

Brine Treatment Process Flowsheet

VacuumFilter

GranularMedia Filter(Anthracite)

VerticalPressure

Filter

Filter Press

Reactor Clarifier Unit

FilterCake

FilterCake

Filtrate

SludgeRecirculation

Raw UntreatedBrine Influent

TreatedEffluent

Polymer

Na2CO3 AdditionNaOH Addition

Thickener SludgeDischarge to Filter

Finished Brine

ConventionalTreatment

MaxR

Process Treatment

Excess Carbonate (ppm)

200 400 600 800 1000 1200

10

8

6

4

2

0

Ca(ppm) Filter Press

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Applications

Acid Neutralization and Metal Hydroxide

Removal for Water Treatment and Re-use

Virginia

Effluent < 15 NTU

Sludge thickener underflow 30 - 50 wt%

Vacuum filtration solids 70 - 75 wt%

Acid Mine Drainage Treatment

California

Annual operational savings = $1 million

Solids concentration doubled in drying ponds to 65 wt%

Vacuum filtration rate increased by 20X

Center column pumping - no tunnel required

Brine Process Treatment

Louisiana

Silica out < 1 mg/L

Sludge thickener underflow = 40 - 60 wt%

Excess chemicals decrease by 30 - 50%

Water blanket technology utilized

Super-Phosphate Fertilizer

Brazil

Characteristics

Inlet (mg/L) Discharge (mg/L)

SS 20,000 < 200

F 1,300 < 5

PO4 2,500 < 80

Scale formation reduced

Sludge thickener underflow = 25 wt%

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Power Plant Wastewater

Pennsylvania

Provided a complete turnkey project

MaxR Process which includes:

Reactor Clarifier Unit

Thickener

EIMCOBELT RVF and SVG Filters used in conjunction

with our advanced biological/aeration technology,

Advent Integral System

Underflow to vacuum filter is 40 wt%, cake of 65 wt%

Influent SS concentration = 70,000 mg/L, final SS

effluent averages less than 20 mg/L

Steel Mill Wastewater

China

Characteristics

Inlet (mg/L) Discharge (mg/L)

SS 400 < 20

O&G 400 < 5

Zn 80 < 2

Filtration cake >50 wt% solids versus 35 wt% solids

obtained from parallel conventional treatment train

Reference Installation List

State/ Operation Pilot Equipment Process Equipment Tankage/ Construct. Start-Up Operator

Application Country Date Feasibility Plant Sizing Design Supply Erection Mangmnt. Services Training

Process, PbS CA 1984 X X X X X X X X

Brine Treatment (Food Industry) WI 1988 X X X X X X X X

Chemical Plant Wastewater MS 1989 X X X X X X X X

Fertilizer Wastewater Brazil 1991 X E X X X X X

HF Wastewater LA 1992 X X X X X X X X

Hydro-Metallurgical Process UT 1994 X X X X X X X XAcid Wastewater OH 1995 X X X X X X X X

Acid Wastewater OH 1996 X X X X X X

Fertilizer Wastewater Thailand 1997 X E X X

Acid Mine Drainage CA 1997 X X X X X X X X X

Acid/Alkali Wastewater China 1997 X X X X X X

Mine Water Infiltration NV 1997 X X X X X X X X

NaOH-CI2 Brine Treatment LA 2000 X X X X X X X X

Power Plant Wastewater PA 2000 X X X X X X X X

NaOH-CI2 Brine Treatment LA 2001 X X X X X X X X

NaOH-CI2 Brine Treatment KY 2001 X E X X X X X X

TiO2 Acid Neutralization VA 2002 X E X X X X X X X

E = Pilot testing results obtained from Experience/Testing from previous similar projects

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Dorr-Oliver Eimco is here to help you with all your solid/liquid separation needs. Please call us to

find out more about how Dorr-Oliver Eimco technology can improve your productivity. In the U.S.,

please call 1.801.526.2000 and in Canada, call 1.705.325.6181.

Copyright 2006 Dorr-Oliver Eimco. All rights reserved. Eimco, Dorr-Oliver & various

marks used are proprietary/registered trademarks of GL&V and Dorr-Oliver Eimco.

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