DOE Peer Review

ETO STATCOM Demonstration Project Update

September 30, 2008

Wayne Litzenberger-DesignTechLoren Anderson-BPA

Participants• DOE Energy Storage Program

• Sandia National Lab

• NCSU

• EPRI

• TVA

• BPA

• Florida State University‐Center for Advanced Power Systems

• Tri‐State

• AES‐SeaWest

• Commercial Vendor ?

CONDON WIND FARMProposed Host Site

Full Scale Demonstration Project

• 10 MVA STATCOM with battery storage

• Adjacent to Condon Wind Park

• Mitsubishi Type 1 induction machines

• Poor voltage regulation

• Long line with many small customers

Proposed 10 MVA ETO STATCOM for Condon Wind Farm

0.6886mH

I=1400 A (RMS)

with IEEE 519 standards

ETO Voltage Source Converter

(transformer leakage inductance)

I=1400 A (RMS)

with IEEE 519 standards

69kv bus

Condon Windfarm Problems 1. Voltage regulation trouble– Loss of control

over Inductive VAR compensation caps2. Turbine main breaker trips and controller

faults during 69kv undervoltage transient events

3. Harmonic sink for 5th harmonic – overheating the local turbine compensation current limiting reactors.

4. Megawatt output limited to 15MW on single ended feed.

24 hrs Condon Wind 10/15/06

VQ sensitivity from FSU model

-5 0 5 10 15 20 250.8

0.85

0.9

0.95

1

1.05

1.1

1.15

1.2

Reactive Power inj/draw Q [MVAr]

Vol

tage

at C

ondo

n [p

u]

VQ sensitivity at CondonPcw = 0.0MW, Q inj at Fossil, Qcw = 0MVArPcw = 49.8MW, Q inj at Fossil, Qcw = -20MVArPcw = 0.0MW, -Q drawn at CondonPcw = 49.8MW, -Q drawn at Condon

0.4 % / MVAr

0.35 % / MVAr

0.7 % / MVAr

1.0 % / MVAr

0.65 % / MVAr

1.2 % / MVAr

0.45 % / MVAr

0.7 % / MVAr

0.1 % / MW

0.07 % / MW

Analysis of Power Flow Resultsand SCADA Data

WF…Wind Farm (at Substation)

Leads into V-Collapse

Strong evidence that malfunctioning of Condon Wind Farm capacitor switching causes the problem

ETO Thyristor STATCOMDemonstrate Emitter turn-off thyristor in a 5 level

10MVA - stacked H bridge configuration

Co-Fund = $276,658BPA = $499,995TOTAL FY07 = $776,653

Contractor: North Carolina State UniversityPrinciple investigator: Dr. Alex Huang – patent holder for ETO Thyristor

Power Smoothing via battery

30 minute Power Ave

100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000-10

0

10

20

30

40

time (H)

Pwg Dec 04

24 26 28 30 32 34 36

0

5

10

15

20

25

time (H)

Pwg Dec

04

Smoothing performance index PI vs. energy storage size (MWh) for a time constant of

one hour

Smoothing Performance vs. Energy Storage Size

100020003000400050006000700080009000

10000110001200013000140001500016000

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

MWh

MW

Converter Topology: Five Level CMCCMC = Cascaded Multilevel Converter

Six ETO Light converters will be used

Transformer Configuration

Y to Delta Secondary

TESTING

• Digital Controller– Testing at NCSU (finished)– Testing at FSU – Contract w/ EPRI

Central Controller

DSP Processor (1)

FPGA (3)

Interface

Scalable Modular Controller Architecture

Control Room

Converter Room

PCI BUS

………………………………………………

CAPS Large-Scale High-Fidelity TransientPower System Simulation

• Largest real-time digital simulator (RTDS) installation in any university, worldwide• Systems studies sized up to 250 three-phase buses at 50/2s time steps• High-speed analog I/O to enable realistic control and power HIL experiments• Additional off-line simulation tools, i.e.: EMTDC, Matlab, PSS/E• Established expertise in understanding the details of novel and legacy power

system apparatus and their interaction with the system• Knowledge in system simulation methods, analysis, and interpretation of results

Controller Hardware in Loop (CHIL) and Power hardware in loop (PHIL)

• Controller HIL Simulation– Controller under test– Low level transmitting signals (+/-15V, mA)– A/D and D/A converters are adequate for

the interface

SimulatorD/A A/D

A/D D/AController under Test

SimulatorD/A A/D

A/D D/APower Device

under Test

Power Interface

• Power HIL Simulation– Power device (load, sink) under test– High level transmitting signals (kV, kA, MW)– Power amplifiers required for interface

2.5 MW

Testing of a 13.75 MVA STACOM in RTDS-PHIL Facility at CAPS

=

~

~

=

STATCOM under test

=

~

=

~

~

=

Experimental4.16 kV AC busUtility 4.16 kV bus

2.5 MWSimulate Electric System Response

FeedbackMeasured Data

Real TimeSimulator

7.5MVA

12.47 kV 50 MVA 115 kV systemCity of Tallahassee

Up to 13.75 MVAr

6.25 MVAr 7.5 MVAr

0

Utility voltage reference for controls

• Full power• Current & voltage

regulation• Limited system and

wind farm dynamics

*) May require additional line reactors for filtering and current sharing

Simulates electric power systems & controls in real time14 racks 756 electrical nodes > 6000 control componentsTimer step (typical):t = 1.5…50s400 digital and 200 analog I/Oenable “real-world” feedback

5 MWAC-DC-ACConverter

“Amplifier”

Reproduces simulatedvoltage waveforms:4.16 kV nominal+20%/-100% 40-65 HzHarmonics up to 1.5 kHz E

quip

men

t man

ufac

ture

d, c

ompl

ete

Com

mis

sion

ing

expe

cted

ear

ly 3

Q 2

007

ETO STATCOM Review

• Curtiss Wright contract with Sandia NL

• Assure conformance with utility needs

• Review NCSU design

• BPA contract for Expert Panel Review

Energy Storage – Sandia Labs

• Lead Acid Batteries - Tom Hund Report• Flow Batteries• Vanadium Redox Batteries• SuperCapacitors

3 Phase Step-down Transformer

Questions

Next Steps• Get FY08 BPA funding in place - $750k• Select Integrator and assemble STATCOM - 08• STATCOM Testing in BPA LAB -08• DOE Funding for Energy Storage $2M- 08• Integrate Energy Storage into STATCOM - 08• Test Combined System in Lab - 08• Design STATCOM Substation -08• Order Substation Materials – 08

• Build Substation – 09• Install STATCOM -09• Commission STATCOM -09• Integrate Wind Forcasting system into Energy Storage Control

Algorithm – 09 or later