Document 2004/03 18 th Session of COAG 9 -10 February 2004 COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004.

Document 2004/03

18th Session of COAG

9 -10 February 2004CO

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Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultations

Fats and Oils in Human Nutrition, 1993 Carbohydrates in Human Nutrition, 1997 Vitamin & Mineral Requirements, 1998 Human Energy Requirements, 2001 Protein and Amino Acid Requirements, 2002 Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic

Diseases, 2003CO

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Deaths by regions, 2000

Accidents Non-communicable DiseasesCommunicable diseases

AFRICA EasternMediterranean

EUROPESE-ASIA W.PACIFIC AMERICAS

25

50

75

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Source: WHO, World Health Report 2001

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Global burden of disease in developing countries

21%14%

43%22%

15%

9%

27%

Infectious diseases Non Communicable Diseases

Mental Illness

1990 2020

49%

Injuries

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Developing countries face double burden of under and over nutrition

Poor maternal nutrition and low birth weight increases risk of obesity and NCDs later in life

Poverty, hunger and undernutrition are linked to chronic diseasesC

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Main recommendations of Expert Report

Dietary factor Goal (% of total energy)

Total fat 15 - 30%Saturated fatty acids <10%

Total carbohydrate 55 - 75%Free sugars <10%

Sodium chloride <5 g per day

Fruits and vegetables >400 g per day

Physical activity 60 minutes of walking/day

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Recommendations of Expert Report

• Goals are recommendations on population averages

• Goals are not intended as regulatory targets

• Recommendations in keeping with recent advice provided by national and international reports

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The COAG Document 2004/03

• Provides preliminary assessment of possible implications for agriculture, food processing and marketing

• Edible oils and fats• Sugar• Cereals• Fruits and vegetables• Milk and meat• Fish and fish products• Food processing technologies and marketing

• Proposes follow-up actions

• Requests guidance from COAG

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Follow-up in the context of on-going work ...

Incorporate emerging scientific evidence on the double burden of hunger and over-nutrition

Inform and protect consumers

Promote the livelihoods of farmers and food processors given changing consumption patterns

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Follow-up in the context of evolving areas ...

Take stock of dietary patterns and their health implications

Interpret dietary goals in country-specific situations

Supporting innovation in food products

Examine food and agricultural policy options and actions

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COAG’s approval is sought for FAO to ...

• Strengthen work with WHO in nutrition and promotion of healthy diets

• Provide Members with advice and assistance in raising awareness of nutrition and healthy diets

• Assist Members in formulating and implementing policies and programmes for diversification of agricultural production

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Changes in nutrient intake: Outlook to 2030 If business as usual continues ...

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COAG Side Event

Green Room9 February 2004 13:30 – 14:30

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Implications of dietary recommendations for the undernourished and developing countries

Chair: Hartwig de Haen

Implications of recommendations for developing countriesProf. Ricardo Uauy, INTA, Chile (Chair of Expert Consultation)

Implications for the undernourished and links with chronic diseaseProf. Alan Jackson, Univ Southampton, UK (Chair of Scientific Committee on Nutrition, UK)

Implications for producers in developing countriesDr Don Mitchell, World Bank, Washington

Introduction of Document 2004/03


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If delegates so wish, additional information on trends and policy issues can be provided for

• Sugar

• Animal products

• Saturated fats and cholesterol

• Fruits and vegetables

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Comparison of national recommendations on sugar

• Chile: 6 – 10% (1997)• Finland < 10% (1999)• Indonesia 5% (2002)• Japan < 5% (1998-2003)• Spain 10 – 15% (2003)

• USA 1800 Kcal: 7.1% (1996)2000 Kcal: 8.0%2400 Kcal: 9.3%

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Production:• Developing countries are low-cost producers of sugar and have

increased their global production share from 57% to 66% since 1990.• Production for non-food use (esp. fuel) rapidly rising globally.

Consumption:• In developing countries, per capita consumption of sugar increased

from 12 to ~20 kg/a over the past 40 years. • In developed countries, consumption leveled-off in the 1970s at about

40-45kg/a.• The share of calories from sugar is below 10 % (around 8%). • Sugar consumption has increased in line with the dietary energy

supply (DES) • Considerable differences exist across countries.

Selected facts and figures on sugar production and consumption

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Sugar: robust growth for food and non-food use in developing countries

... and new market opportunities in non-food use of sugar and sweeteners (ex. fue l)

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Developing Countries World Developed Countries

Steady growth of food consumption of sugar and sweeteners (ex. fuel) and ...

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Developing Countries World Developed Countries

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Possible impact of the sugar recommendations

• For the world sugar economy as a whole, a substantive and immediate impact is unlikely as:– the world average is still below 10%– changes in consumption take time

• The results from trade reform largely compatible with dietary changes: win-win situation.

• Impacts from trade reform more important than those from dietary change.B

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• Sugar

• Animal products



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• Sugar

• Animal products



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Intake and recommendations for saturated fats and cholesterol

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• Sugar

• Animal products



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Recommendations for fruit and vegetable consumptionB

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Fruits Vegetables

Introduction of Document 2004/03


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Concept of a population nutrient goal

Risk ofinadequacy

Risk ofexcess

Lower limit Upper limit

Population nutrient goal

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Distinction between a population goal

and an individual goal

GOALExisting intakesMisinterpreted goal

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Selected facts about sugar policies

• Heavy support and protection in developed countries depresses world prices.

• As a result, producers in many developing countries stand to benefit from multilateral policy reform.

• But also preferential market access for some developing countries, notably through ACP and CBI agreements.

• Preference holders would be confronted with an erosion of their preference margins.

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Process of the Joint WHO/FAO Expert Consultation on “Diet, nutrition and prevention

of chronic diseases”

• Previous Expert Consultation (TRS 797) and 1992 FAO/WHO International Conference on Nutrition

• Recognition of growing burden of NCDs in developing societies led to Expert Consultation 2002

• Experts selected based on their scientific expertise

• 30 Experts, half of them from developing countries and countries in economic transition

• Draft report circulated for comments from research, industry and civil society; report redrafted

• Expert report (TRS 916) launched jointly by both Directors’-General of FAO & WHO in Rome (April 2003)

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Summary and conclusions

• FAO and WHO regularly convene expert consultations on emerging diet and nutrition issues. This report is an element in this process.

• NCDs are becoming the most important health burden world-wide, including in developing countries.

• Hunger can induce obesity and NCDs.• The expert report recommendations do not

substantially differ from those issued by others.• The recommendations have no regulatory role• They present new challenges as well as new

opportunities for food and agriculture.

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Document 2004/03

FAO’s proposed follow-up to the Expert Report on Diet and

Health

18th Session of COAG9 February 2004C

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Purpose of 18th session of COAG

• Review of Expert Report

– 17th Session of COAG requested a review of the Expert Report

on ‘Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases’

• Provide guidance on follow-up

– 124th Session of Council requested FAO’s proposal for

follow-up

CO

AG

18t

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on

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4

Joint FAO/WHO Expert Consultations

Fats and Oils in Human Nutrition, 1993 Carbohydrates in Human Nutrition, 1997 Vitamin & Mineral Requirements, 1998 Human Energy Requirements, 2001 Protein and Amino Acid Requirements, 2002

Diet, Nutrition and the Prevention of Chronic Diseases, 2003

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

– 9

-10

Feb

200

4

Deaths by regions, 2000

Accidents Non-communicable DiseasesCommunicable diseases

AFRICA EasternMediterranean

EUROPESE-ASIA W.PACIFIC AMERICAS

25

50

75

%

Source: WHO, World Health Report 2001

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

– 9

-10

Feb

200

4

Global burden of disease in developing countries

21%14%

43%22%

15%

9%

27%

Infectious diseases Non Communicable Diseases

Mental Illness

1990 2020

49%

Injuries

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

– 9

-10

Feb

200

4

Developing countries face double burden of under and over nutrition

Poor maternal nutrition and low birth weight

increases risk of obesity and NCDs later in life

Poverty, hunger and undernutrition are linked to chronic diseases

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

– 9

-10

Feb

200

4

Main recommendations of Expert Report

Dietary factor Goal (% of total energy)

Total fat 15 - 30%Saturated fatty acids <10%

Total carbohydrate 55 - 75%Free sugars <10%

Sodium chloride <5 g per day

Fruits and vegetables >400 g per day

Physical activity 60 minutes of walking/day

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

– 9

-10

Feb

200

4

Recommendations of Expert Report

• Goals are recommendations on population averages.

• Goals are not intended as regulatory targets.

• Recommendations in keeping with recent advice provided by national and international reports.

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

– 9

-10

Feb

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4


• Reviews the Expert Consultation Report;

• Provides preliminary assessment of possible implications for agriculture, food processing and marketing;

• Proposes follow-up actions; and

• Requests guidance from COAG.

CO

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Provides preliminary assessment of the implications of the recommendations on:

– Edible oils and fats– Sugar– Cereals– Fruits and vegetables– Milk and meat– Fish and fish products– Food processing technologies and marketing

CO

AG

18t

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essi

on

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-10

Feb

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4

The COAG Document 2004/03Proposed follow-up at FAO

In the context of on-going work..

Incorporate emerging scientific evidence on hunger and over-nutrition;

Inform and protect consumers;

Promote the livelihoods of farmers and food processors given changing consumption patterns

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

– 9

-10

Feb

200

4


Proposed follow-up at FAO

In context of evolving areas..

Take stock of dietary patterns and their health implications;

Interpret dietary goals in country-specific situations;

Supporting innovation in food products; and

Examine food and agricultural policy options and actions.

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

– 9

-10

Feb

200

4


COAG’s approval is sought for FAO to

• Strengthen work in nutrition and promotion of healthy diets;

• Provide Members with policy advice and technical assistance

• Assist Members in formulating and implementing policies and programmes

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

– 9

-10

Feb

200

4

Changes in nutrient intake: Outlook to 2030 If business as usual continues ...

Bri

efin

g f

or

CO

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18t

h S

essi

on

COAG Side Event

Green Room9 February 2004 13:30 – 14:30

Bri

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g f

or

CO

AG

18t

h S

essi

on

Implications of dietary recommendations for the undernourished and for developing countries

Chair: H. de Haen

Implications of recommendations for developing countriesProf. Ricardo Uauy, INTA, Chile (Chair of Expert Consultation)

Implications for the undernourished and links with chronic diseaseProf. Alan Jackson, Univ Southampton, UK (Chair of Scientific Committee on Nutrition, UK)

Implications for producers in developing countriesDr Don Mitchell, World Bank, Washington

Document 2004/03 18 th Session of COAG 9 -10 February 2004 COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004.

Documents

Transcript of Document 2004/03 18 th Session of COAG 9 -10 February 2004 COAG 18th Session – 9-10 Feb 2004.