Do Now-With a Partner Essential Question: Has industrialization produced more benefits or more...
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Transcript of Do Now-With a Partner Essential Question: Has industrialization produced more benefits or more...
Do Now-With a PartnerEssential Question:
Has industrialization produced more benefits or more
problems for the nation? 1880-1920
Industrial Growth: Post Civil War- Rapid Expansion & Growth
Enduring Understandings: Economic & Industrial Growth
1. Industrial/Economic growth requires the presence of the Factors of Production including :
a. raw materialsb. labor forcec. Research & development + technologyd. machinery & factoriese. entrepreneurs f. mass markets
Enduring Understandings: Economic & Industrial Growth
2. Rapid industrialization requires a rapidly growing labor force.
3. Industrialization requires overseas resources, markets and protection for these interests. 4. Industrialization results in consolidation of business and the accumulation of vast wealth in the hands of a small number of people.
1870
1900
• Immigrants--Jobs in new industries & factories, construction of buildings, railroads and canals=OVERCROWDING in the Cities
• Nativism-– The attitude and policy of favoring native born Americans over immigrants
• Led to a push to restrict immigration• Focused on new immigrants with different language and religion
– Chinese Exclusion Act-1882-not repealed until 1943– 1907-”Gentlemen’s Agreement” Japanese Immigration was Stopped.
Conditions in Urban slums– Sanitation
-horse manure filled streets/factory pollution/ No garbage removal
-thrown into ventilation shafts=rats etc..– Water
• little or no running water• Shared bathrooms 8-10 apts./or outhouses• Unsafe to drink-disease
Tenement houses-
6-7 story buildings/solid blocks of deep buildings-no windows or ventilation in the inside rooms.
Immigrant Family Lodgings
Immigrant Family Lodgings
Men’s LodgingsMen’s Lodgings
Women’s LodgingsWomen’s Lodgings
Dumbbell Tenement Plan
Dumbbell Tenement Plan
Tenement House Act of 1879, NYCTenement House Act of 1879, NYC
• Limited water supply/crowded wooden structures/candles/kerosene lamps=
Crime* pickpockets/thieves/con-men/street gangs* insufficient or corrupt police
Private settlement Houses were developed to assist immigrants Hull House-Jane Addams-Chicago 1893
”Bandits’ Roost””Bandits’ Roost”
Mullen’s Alley ”Gang”Mullen’s Alley ”Gang”
Mulberry Street Bend, 1889
Mulberry Street Bend, 1889
Blind Beggar, 1888Blind Beggar, 1888
A Struggling Immigrant Family
A Struggling Immigrant Family
The Other Side of the City – Jerome Mansion
The Other Side of the City – 5th Avenue
The Other Side of the City – Cornelius Vanderbilt’s Mansion
The Other Side of the City – Cornelius Vanderbilt’s Mansion
The Other Side of the City – Charles Schwab’s Mansion
The Other Side of the City – Charles Schwab’s Mansion
The Other Side of the City – Carnegie’s Mansion
The Other Side of the City – Early Luxury Apartments
The Gilded Age-
Social IssuesCHILD LABOR
• Exploited for low wages• Helped support their families• No education-work $• Trapped in an unskilled workforce for a lifetime
* Significant impact on health
Cigar Makers Shucking Oysters
Women & African Americans struggle for Opportunity
1890s – Basement Saloon
Temperance movement
1890s – Basement Saloon
Temperance movement
Essential Question: What impact do corrupt politicians have on society?
Government & Business
The golden age of the power of Big Business.–Huge gap
between the wealthy and the poor.
–Widespread abuse of power in government and business.
Power of Business• Trusts- a combination of firms or business designed to
form a monopoly. Consolidate & buy up smaller competitors.
• Big Business influenced politics– Business funded politicians-lobby– Government supported businesses over labor unions in strikes– Bribery/Scandals
• Laissez-faire Capitalism– Government should play a very limited role in business
“HANDS OFF”– Social Darwinism
Cartoon #10
Essential Questions: Should anyone have a
obligation to help the suffering poor and control the power of
big business in a nation ??
– 1877-1914: Answer now Please
Reform: Pendleton Act 1883 Reform: Pendleton Act 1883
Reform: Pendleton Act 1883 Reform: Pendleton Act 1883 Patronage=the spoils
system
A Civil Service Act.
1883 14,000 out of117,000 federal govt.jobs became civilservice exam positions.
1900 100,000 out of 200,000 -exam required.
The Sherman Anti-Trust Act-1890• Congress passed the act to end the practice of
trusts/monopolies. To restore competition.• The act made it illegal for business firms to
combine in order to set prices and prevent competition.– Standard Oil-John D. Rockefeller– Andrew Carnegie-US Federal Steel– J.P. Morgan-Consolidated the Steel & Railroad
industries/Banker and Financier-- created GE– Beef trust, Tobacco trust, Copper Trust etc…– The act was not strictly enforced until T.
Roosevelt and the Progressives gained power– ROBBER BARONS or CAPTAINS of INDUSTRY ????