Do Now: Imagine you are a new cast member on the show “Survivor” ….according to the rules you are allowed to bring three items of your choice. What would you bring and why?

What is Biology ?What is Biology ?

• The study of Living Things• Bio = lifelogy = knowledge (study of)

How to Study Biology ?How to Study Biology ?• So many new words !–know some common prefix and suffix–eg. photosynthesis • photo = light • synthesis = to combine together • ∴ to combine some elements together by using the energy from sunlight

Life Processes/ Life functions

Activities that are carried out by an organism that enable it to survive.

Organism

Any living thing that carries out life processes

Ex. Plants, humans, bacteria, mold

8 Life Functions8 Life Functions

2. Respiration2. Respiration

1. Nutrition1. Nutrition

3. Transport3. Transport

4. Excretion4. Excretion5. Regulation5. Regulation

6. Reproduction**6. Reproduction**

7. Growth7. Growth8. Synthesis8. Synthesis

DO NOW:

• List the life functions and Describe a system or structure in your body that performs or assists you to perform this process.

1. Nutrition1. NutritionThe process in which food is

obtained and processed (modified) into nutrients, for

EnergyGrowth and Repair.

Four Steps

1. Ingestion - The process of taking in food

2. Digestion -Process of breaking down food into nutrients

3. Absorption -Process of nutrients being absorbed into the bloodstream from the digestive system

4. Egestion -Process of removing solid wastes (undigested food) in the form of feces

2. Respiration2. RespirationThe process in which chemical energy is released from the organic material ___________ found within the organism with the help of inorganic substances ____________.

(nutrients)

(oxygen)

Glucose +

Energy

Oxygen

Carbon Dioxide

Water ++

Two types of NutritionHeterotrophic nutrition =

organism cannot make it’s own food• Example – animals

Autotrophic nutrition = organisms make their own food

PLANTS= photosynthesis

Nutrition involves these activities by which organisms ….

1. Remove cellular waste products2. Obtain and process materials needed for

other life activities3. Exchange gases with their environment4. Absorb and circulate materials

Respiration is best described as a process by which….

1. Necessary nutrients are circulated 2. Hydrogen is used to synthesis glucose3. Metabolic wastes are absorbed 4. Chemical energy is converted into a usable

form

The absorption of fluids by various cells of the body is part of life

function known as

1. Excretion2. Transport 3. Respiration4. Growth

3. TransportMovement of materials through the body & within a cell

4. Excretion

Removal of cellular WASTES

Cellular wastes are by-products of metabolic activities (life processes) performed by the cells within an organismExamples:

waterCarbon dioxide

salt

urea

5. Regulation5. RegulationThe process in which all of

the organism's life activities are controlled and

coordinated to maintain equilibrium

6.Reproduction

• Production of new individuals• As an individual, a

living thing doesn’t have to reproduce for individual survival BUT must in order to have species survival

7. GrowthProcess in which there is an

increase in cell number NOT size

(cell division)

AIM: How

does our metaboli

sm enable us to live?

8 Life Functions8 Life Functions

2. Respiration2. Respiration

1. Nutrition1. Nutrition

3. Circulation3. Circulation

4. Excretion4. Excretion5. Regulation5. Regulation

6. Reproduction**6. Reproduction**

7. Growth7. Growth8. Synthesis8. Synthesis

The process in which the body naturally

creates substances by combining small

molecules to create larger molecules.

8. Synthesis8. Synthesis

Is the set of chemical reactions (life processes) that occur in living organisms in order to

maintain lifeSpecific proteins in the body control

metabolism. Metabolism is a constant process that begins when we're conceived and ends when we die.

It is a vital process for all life forms. If metabolism stops, a living thing dies.

refers to the body's ability to regulate its internal physiology to maintain stability in response to fluctuations

in the outside environment

A.D.A.M.

Balanced internal environment

Homeostasis

• Constant Balance, Steady State or Dynamic Equilibrium

• Ability of an organism to “maintains it’s internal environment while responding to external environmental factors – Temp increase or decrease – Starve a fever feed a cold!

Which process removes the process of urea in the blood stream of

humans?1. Excretion2. Egestion3. Digestion4. Synthesis

Organisms that obtain and ingest organic molecules for their nutrition

are classified as

1. autotrophs 2. producers 3. algae 4. heterotrophs

Which process includes all three?

1. Synthesis2. Metabolism3. Excretion4. Nutrition

Homeostatic regulation of the body Is made possible through coordination

of all body systems. This coordination is achieved mainly by…1. Respiratory and reproductive systems2. Skeletal and excretory systems3. Nervous and endocrine systems 4. Circulatory and digestive systems

Which situation is not an example of the maintenance of a dynamic

equilibrium in an organism?

1. Guard cells contribute to the regulation of water content in a geranium plant.

2. Water passes into an animal cell causing it to swell.

3. The release of insulin lowers the blood sugar level in a human after eating a big meal.

4. A runner perspires while running a race on a hot summer day.

How does metabolism enable How does metabolism enable us to live?us to live?

THE ENDTHE END