DO NOW

• Grab your folder.

• Check the nameless papers on the board. If it’s yours, write your name and turn it back in to me.

• Review for the quiz with your group!– 5 themes- definitions, types, examples– Parts of a map– Processes shaping the earth- water cycle,

plate movement, vocab

Chapter 3: Section 1 and 2

Seasons

• Caused by earth’s tilt and revolution around sun

• Earth tilted at 23.5 degrees in relation to sun

•http://www.videojug.com/film/why-does-the-earth-have-seasons

Equinox

• Twice a year, Mar 21/Sept 23

• Days and nights all over the world are equal in length

Solstice

• Summer-Longest Day of Year

• Winter-Shortest Day of Year

SOLSTICESSUMMER, JUNE 21WINTER, DECEMBER 21

Where are the overhead rays of the sun on these days?

Which parts of the earth are in darkness and light? For how long?

Weather vs. Climate

• Weather-condition of atmosphere at a particular location and time

• Climate-weather conditions at a particular location over a long period of time

Precipitation

• Convectional-caused by heated, rising air

• Orographic-mountains block moist air forcing it to rise

• Frontal-occurs when cold fronts push up warm fronts.

Hurricanes (Typhoons)

• Form over warm, tropical ocean waters

• Hurricanes typically blow west.

Tornado

• Powerful funnel-shaped column of spiraling air

• Form quickly and without warning

Blizzard

• Heavy snowstorm with winds of more than 35 mph and reduced visibility

Drought/Flood

• Drought-Long period of time without rain or very minimal rainfall

• Flood-water spreads over land not normally covered with water

Do Now

• Some people moved around. Check your seat!

• Grab your folder.

• Share your paragraph with your group.– What processes helped shaped Earth’s

climate, landforms, and plant life?

Climate-Wind Currents

• Distributes sun’s heat from one part of the world to another through convection

Climate-Ocean Currents

• Like rivers flowing in ocean

• Warm water flows from equator toward poles

Climate-Zones of Latitude

• Low/Tropical– Tropic of Cancer to Tropic of Capricorn – hot all year long – rainy or dry

• Middle/Temperate– between tropics and polar regions – climate varies greatly

• High/Polar– encircle North and South Poles – cold all year long

Elevation

• Higher=colder

• Every 1000 ft. temperature drops 3.5 degrees

Topography

• Landforms affect climate

• Mountains– Temperature– Precipitation

El Niño/La Niña

• Warming of the waters off the west coast of South America

• Natural change in climate

• Brings heavy rains to Americas

• La Niña is reverse-it brings heavy rain to western Pacific

Global Warming

• Air temperature is rising

• Increased 1 degree in last 100 years

• Greenhouse effect-layer of gases released by burning of coal and petroleum traps solar energy