Do NowPlease read the statements below & determine who or what is

“speaking”?1.) “I am the inner struggle that people go through in their effort to obey God and to behave according to Islamic ways. “What am I”?2.) “I am the way that Muhammad lived, and I provide a model for the duties and the way of life expected of Muslims. “What am I”?3.) “We are five acts of worship required of all Muslims”. What are we?1.) Jihad, 2.) Sunnah, 3.) Five pillars of Islam

Islamic EmpiresChapter 12 Section 3

Big Idea: After the early spread of Islam, three large Islamic Empires formed – The Ottoman, Safavid, & Mughal Empires.

Age of Conquest Muhammad’s death (632 A.D.)

Abu Bakr became next Caliph of Islam. Set out to conquer Arabia 632-634 A.D. Defeated Persian & Byzantine strongholds

Set rules for people of conquered lands Non-Muslims- freely worship (paid taxes) Second class citizens

By 661AD. 4 Caliphs were able to conquer most of West Asia & North Africa 711 A.D. invaded Spain Europe in 732 A.D. but turned back by the Franks.

The Spread of Islam

Three Muslim Empires Welcomed as liberators in Arabia,

demonstrated tolerance.Ottomans-1200s Turkish warriors

-Began taking territory of Christian Empire.

-Strength was Army, gunpowder, & Janissaries.

-1453 Mehmed II conquered Constantinople

-Suleyman I greatest height

Safavids-From Iran

-Disagreement in 600’s about who should be Caliph

-Broke away formed 2 groups

-Shia- only descendants could rule.-Sunni- did not believe Caliphs had to be related.-Blend of Persian & Islam

Mughals-Established in 1526 by Babur

-Mid-1500s Akbar ended taxes on non-Muslims & Muslims & Hindus lived in peace.

-Known for magnificent Monuments

-Taj Mahal (Shan Jahan)

Mughal Empire (Taj Mahal)

Ottoman Warriors

Review Abu Bakr? Caliph? Rules for Conquered non-Muslims? Liberators? Tolerance? Janissaries? Shia? Sunni? Taj Mahal?

Homework Handout provided