Do Now1. Take out your homework for me to check (Foner Ch. 3)2. Form a group of three (move chairs if needed)3. With your group, quiz each other on key terms from this

week:

Pueblo RevoltKing Philip’s WarPlantation slaveryBacon’s Rebellion

Glorious RevolutionDominion of New EnglandScotch-Irish immigrants

Backcountry“Cousinocracy”

What kinds of people would sign up to go to America in 1607?

First English settlers were: Adventurers – people willing to take risks in order to get rich quick (Jamestown) Fleeing persecution – Puritans, Quakers, etc. Out of other options – poor people in England who signed up to be indentured servants

Changes – predict their effects on immigration (who? where?): Tobacco becomes increasingly popular in Europe Chesapeake colonies use the headright system – fixed area of land per immigrant 1690: Toleration Act in England allows religious freedom for all Protestants 1700s: Religious persecution and economic depression in Germany

Immigration to English North America after 1700 Germans

◦ Many religious minorities – Lutherans, Catholics, Mennonites◦ Many looking for better farmland◦ End up in backcountry – mostly middle and southern colonies◦ Many create ethnic enclaves – areas of almost all Germans

Immigration to English North America after 1700 Scots-Irish

◦ Mostly Presbyterians◦ Many farmers; some skilled professionals and artisans◦ Mostly end up in the Southern backcountry◦ Many were anti-British and opposed government interference

Immigration to English North America after 1700 English convicts

◦ Mostly ended up in Virginia◦ Mostly worked unskilled jobs – what would that be?

Indentured Servitude to Slavery

Downsides of indentured servitude Indentured servants have to sign up – what kinds of labor won’t they want to do?◦ Sugar cultivation – it’s really hard◦ Result: earliest importation of African slaves is in West Indies

Indentured servants aren’t servants forever◦ Why would this matter more as life in America gets easier?

Indentured servants can rebel

Bacon’s Rebellion – Virginia The back story:

◦ Corrupt governor (William Berkeley), appointed by the King◦ Increasing economic inequality – why?◦ Governor restricted expansion in Indian territory – why?

1676: Governor refuses to deploy troops against Indians; poor whites on the frontier rebel What does this have to do with slavery?

Why the shift to slavery? Fear of rebellion by poor whites Improving life expectancy slaves are worth the “investment” Better conditions in England fewer people signing up to be indentured servants