Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical...

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Transcript of Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical...

Page 1: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.
Page 2: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.

Do not copy any notes in light

green lettering!

Page 3: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.

Physical ChangeChange in size, shape or physical state

that does not change actual substance

Page 4: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.
Page 5: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.

Chemical ChangeOne or more substances change into

new substances with different chemical

propertiesVC – Comparing Physical and Chemical Changes

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Energy

The capacity to do work.

All change (physical or chemical) in matter involves energy.

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Kinetic Energy – energy due to motion; depends on mass and velocity

Potential Energy – energy due to position or condition

VC – Kinetic Energy

Potential Energy

Page 8: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.

Law of Conservation of Energy

Energy…• cannot be created or destroyed.• can be transferred from one object to

another.• Can change form (heat,light,electrical,

chemical…).• Total amount of energy in the universe

never changes.

VC – Law of Conservation of Energy

Page 9: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.

Heat – energy transferred between substances because of their difference in temperature

• Heat always travels from hot substances to cold

• A substance feels hot when your hand absorbs energy from it

• A substance feels cold when your hand loses energy to it

VC - Heat

Page 10: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.

Temperature – measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance

• Fahrenheit oF• Celsius + 273 = Kelvin oC• Kelvin – 273 = Celsius K

Page 11: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.
Page 12: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.

Specific Heat – amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of a substance by 1 oC

• Unique for every substance• Explanation: sunny day at the beach!

VC – Specific Heat Capacity

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Endothermic Process – when a substance absorbs energy from its environment• Ice melting (physical change)• cooking food (chemical change)

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Exothermic Process – when a substance releases energy into its environment

• Water freezing (physical change)

• Wood burning (chemical change)

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Which is endothermic, which is exothermic process?

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Scientific Method

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The Steps

1. Observe

2. Question

3. Hypothesize

4. Test hypothesis (experiment)

5. Analyze results

6. Draw Conclusions

7. If conclusion supports Hypothesis, share information with other scientists

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Page 19: Do not copy any notes in light green lettering! Physical Change Change in size, shape or physical state that does not change actual substance.

TheoryAn attempt to explain WHY something

happensBased on multiple observations and

experimentsCan change over time as new

observations or experiments are made

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LawExplains WHAT happensBased on multiple observations and

experimental resultsDoesn’t change

VC – Comparing Theories and Laws

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Models

A way of showing an object, process, or idea to make it easier to understand

Models are simpler than the object, process, or idea they represent

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Accuracy v. PrecisionTurn to page 55