Do an Den Giao Thong

8/8/2019 Do an Den Giao Thong

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BO CO N 2:

ti: Vit chng trnh iu khin n giao thng cho mt ng ttheo 3 ch da

theo ng h thi gian thc tch hp trong PLC S7 200 CPU 224:Yu cu:

1. Xy dng m hnh l thuyt cho n giao thng vi 3 ch lm vic da trn thigian thc t: ch lm vic bnh thng; ch lm vic u tin cho mt trc ng

v ch lm vic m khuya.

2. Tnh chn thit b thc t da trn m hnh xy dng.3. Xy dng lu thut ton iu khin4. Tm hiu v PLC S7 200, CPU224 ca hng Siemens; Vit chng trnh iu khin

cho m hnh n giao thng vi PLC .5. Kt ni vi PLC vi m hnh m phng6. Vit bo co n mn hc.

Ch : Chng trnh iu khin c vit di dng chng trnh c cu trc (t

chng trnh chnh gi cc chng trnh con tngng vi cc ch lm vic ca

n giao thng).


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THC HIN:

Sinh vin thc hin: Nguyn Th L H

Lp: LTCH DDT1 K2.


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CC BC TIN HNH XY DNG N

PHN 1:

XY DNG M HNH L THUYT N GIAO THNG TI 1 NG T.1. Phn tch m hnh v xy dng s lng n cho 1 ng t.Bao gm:

- 04 cm n giao thng iu khin cho 1 giao l ca 2 hng ng- 04 cm n iu khin giao thong cho phn ng ngi i b

Btrn giao thong ti ng t.

2. Gin thi gian cho cc ch lm vic.y l cc chu kn c gi s. Khi trin khai thc t sc iu chnh cho ph hp

vi tng giao l c th. Vic thay i cc chu kn thc hin n gin trong phn mm

lp trnh.

1

1

2

2

1 1

1 1

2 2

2 2


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Gin thi gian khi hot ng ch bnh thng

3s

H ng 1

H ng 2

3s

3s

3s

53s

53s

50s

53s

50s50s

53s

50s

b

Xanh B

b

Xanh B

b

Xanh B

b

Xanh B

Gin thi gian khi hot ng chu tin 1 ln ng

33s33s

3s

70s

3s

70s

73s

3s

30s

73s

3s

30s

H ng 1

Xanh B Xanh B

b b

Xanh B

b

Xanh B

b

H ng 2


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Gin thi gian khi hot ng ch ban m

3s

3s

Hn 1

Hn 2


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PHN 2:

TNH CHN THIT B THC T.

Da vo cc phn tch v tnh ton trong phn 1 ta tnh ton s lng thit b vchng loi nh sau:

S liu tnh ton sc iu chnh cho st vi thc t khi trin khai. y ch l cc

s liu phng on do sinh vin ta ra do khng c iu kin tip cn vi cc thit b

thc tang bn trn th trng.

STT Tn thit b S

lng

Mc ch sdng

1 PLC: Simatic S7 200 Siemens CPU224 sdng loi c u ra relay

01 b iu khin h thng

2 Rle in p cun ht AC220V, tip im

5A

10 b ng ct in cho cc

n Xanh, Vng,

cc chiu ng

3 n giao thng: Loi n iu khin xe

c gii c tch hp c iu khin phn

ng ngi i b

4 b

4 Hp ng thit b ch cho l p v idy cho cc thit b PLC, rle v mng i

dy.

S dng loi t c IP ph hp chng

chu iu kin ngoi tri.

1 ci


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PHN 3:

LU THUT TON

Tha mn K thigian hot ngtrong ch thng

Tha mn K thigian hot ngtrong ch m

Begin

Read_RTC

c gi tr thi gianthc trong PLC

So snh gi trRead_RTC vi cc

gi tr nh bngTB1C

Chng trnh conhot ng trong ch thngC

Chng trnh conhot ng trong chu tin 1 lnngC

Tha mn K thi gian hotng trong ch u tin 1ln ng

Chng trnh conhot ng trong chm khuayC

Cp tn hiu ng in cho cc n Xanh, Vng v cc chiu ng tng ng.


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Bng TB1: iu kin so snh kch hot chn

STT Gitc dng Ch tc dng Ghi ch

1 00h00 05h59 m khuya2 06h00 08h59 Chu tin 1 ln ng

3 09h00 16h59 Ch bnh thng

4 17h00 18h59 Chu tin 1 ln ng

5 19h00 21h59 Ch bnh thng

6 22h00 23h59 m khuya

Vn n nh thi gian trong cc chu k lm vic cho cc n Xanh, l ht sc

quan trng nn khi chuyn ch lm vic t ch Bnh thng qua chu tin 1 lnng v ngc li phi c thc hin khng gy sai chu kn (lon chu k) dn ti

hn lon trong tham gia giao thng. Trong phn trin khai lp trnh s c cc bin php

hn ch ti a mi trng hp c th dn ti lon chu kn.


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PHN 4:

MC 1: TM HIU V PLC S7-200, CPU224 CA SIEMENS

Do lng kin thc v PLC S7-200 l rt ln khng th khi qut trong mt vi tranggiy (30 trang bao gm tt c nh yu cu ca u bi) nn sinh vin s ch khi qut cc

thng tin ht sc ngn gn m khng i vo chi tit nhm gii thiu v PLC S7 -200

CPU224 v cc thng s ph hp vi mc ch ca n l iu khin mt h thng

n giao thng ti mt ng t.

I. GII THIU V PLC S7-200PLC l t vit tt ca Programable Logic Controller, y l thit biu khin logic

lp trnh c, n cho php thc hin linh hot cc thut ton iu khin logic thng qua

mt ngn ng lp trnh.

S7-200 l thit b ca hng Siemens, cu trc theo kiu modul c cc modul m

rng. Thnh phn cbn ca S7-200 l khi vi x l CPU212, CPU214, CPU224.

1) Cu trc ca CPU224 gm:4096 t n (Word) lu chng trnh thuc min b nh ghi/c c v

khng b mt d liu nhc giao din vi EEPROM.

2560 tn lu d liu.

14 cng vo logic v 10 cng ra logic

C th ghp ni thm 7 modul mrng

Tng s cng vo ra cc i l 128 cng vo v 128 cng ra.

256 b to thi gian tr, trong c 4 timer c phn gii 1ms, 16 timer c

phn gii 10ms, 236 timer c phn gii 100ms.

256 bm c chia lm 2 loi, mt loi chm ln (CTU), mt loi va m

ln va m xung (CTUD).

256 bit nh c bit ( lu trng thi bng t hoc pin) v 112 b t ( l u

trong EEPROM) dng lm cc bit trng thi hoc cc bit c ch lm

vic.

2 u vo tng t phn gii 8 bit


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Tc thc hin lnh: 0.37s cho 1 lnh logic

Tch hp ng h thi gian thc.

Tch hp cng truyn thng RS-485C cc ch ngt: ngt truyn thng, ngt theo sn xung, ngt theo thi gian

v ngt bo hiu ca bm tc cao

D liu khng b mt trong khong thi gian 190gik t khi PLC b mt in.

2) M t cc n bo trn PLC S7-200:

n SF: n sng khi PLC ang lm vic bo hiu h thng b hng hc.

n xanh RUN: n xanh sng chnh PLC ang ch lm vic.

n vng STOP: n sng thng bo PLC ang trng thi dng. Dng tt c

chng trnh ang thc hin.n xanh Ix.x : n sng bo hiu trng thi ca tn hiu ca cng vo ang mc logic

1 ngc li l mc logic 0.

n xanh Qx.x : n sng bo hiu trng thi ca tn hiu theo gi tr logic ca cng ra

ang mc logic 1, ngc li l mc logic 0.

3) Cng truyn thng RS-485:

Chn 1: ni t.

Chn 2: ni ngun 24VDC.

Chn 3: truyn v nhn d liu.Chn 4: khng s dng.

Chn 5: t

Chn 6: ni ngun 5VDC

Chn 7: ni ngun 24VDC.

Chn 8: Truyn v nhn d liu.

Chn 9: khng s dng.

5 4 3 2 1

9 8 7 6

4) Cc u im ca PLC so vi mch in u dy thun tu:

- Kch cnh.- Thay i thit k d dng v nhanh khi c yu cu v k thut,qui trnh cng ngh.- C chc nng chn on li v ghi .- Cc ng dng ca S7-200 c th dn chng bng ti liu.- Cc ng dng c phn b nhn bn nhanh chng v thun tin.- S7-200 c thiu khin hng lt cc ng dng khc nhau trong tng ho. Vi

cu trc nh gn,c kh nng mrng, gi r v mt tp lnh Simatic mnh ca S7-


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200 l mt li gii hon ho cho cc bi ton tng ho va v nh. Ngoi ra S7-

200 cn c cc u im sau y :

+ Ci t, vn hnh n gin.+ Cc CPU c th s dng trong mng,trong h thng phn tn hc s dng n l.+ C kh nng tch hp trn qui m ln.+ ng dng cho cc iu khin n gin v phc tp.+ Truyn thng mnh.5) Cc thnh phn ca mt PLC dng S7-200 CPU224

M hnh kt ni PLC v my tnh

6) Kt ni PLC vi my tnh lp trnh v np chng trnh

n bo trngthi hot ngca PLC


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7) Phn mm lp trnh cho PLC dng S7-200


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II.CU TRC B NH1) Phn chia b nh:

B nh ca S7- 200 c chia thnh 4 vng vi 1 t c nhim v duy tr d

liu trong khong thi gian nht nh khi mt ngun cung cp.

B nh c tnh nng ng cao, c v ghi c trong ton vng, loi tr phn

cc bit nhc bit.Bn vng nhgm:- Vng chng trnh: l min b nhc s dng lu gi cc lnh chng trnh.

Vng ny thuc kiu nn-vlatile.

- Vng tham s: l min lu gi cc tham s nh: t kh, a ch trmN

thuc kiu nn-vlatile.

- Vng dliu: l min nhng, c th truy cp theo tng bit, tng byte, tng t n

v t kp. c dng lu tr cc thut ton, cc hm truyn thng, lp bng , cc

hm dch chuyn, xoay vng thanh ghi, con tra ch. Vng d liu c chia thnh

nhiu min nhnh vi cc chc nng khc nhau.

V Variable memory

I Input image register

O Output image register

M Internal memory bits

SM Special memory bits- Vngi tng:c s dng lu tr cho cc i tng lp trnh nh cc gi tr

tc thi, gi trt trc ca bm, hay Timer. D liu kiu i tng ba gm cc

thanh ghi ca Timer, b m, cc b m tc cao, b m v/ra tng t v cc

thanh ghi Accumulator (AC). Vng i tng cng c phn ra thnh nhiu vng nh.

2) a ch cc vng nhca S7-200 CPU 224

u vo (Input): I0.0I0.7; I1.0I1.5; I2.0I2.7

u ra (Output): Q0.0Q0.7; Q1.0Q1.1Bm o u vo: I0.0I15.7 (128 u vo)

Bm o u ra: Q0.0Q15.7 (128 u ra)

u vo tng t: AIW0AIW62

u ra tng t: AQW0AQW62

Vng nhV: VB0VB5119

Vng nhL: LB0LB63

Vng nhM: M0.0M31.7


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Vng nhSM: SM0.0 549.7

SM0.0 SM29.7 (read-only)

Vng nhTimer: T0T255

Vng nhCounter: C0C255

Vng nhbm tc cao: HC0 HC5

Vng nhtrng thi (Lgc tun t): S0.0 S31.7

Vng nhthanh ghi tng: AC0 AC3

Kh nng qun l Label: 0 255

Kh nng qun l chng trnh con: 0 63

Kh nng mrng chng trnh ngt: 0 127


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III. THC HIN CHNG TRNH TRONG PLC S7- 200 V CU TRCMT CHNG TRNH

1) Chu trnh thc hin 1 chng trnhPLC thc hin chng trnh theo chu trnh lp. Mi chu trnh c gi l mt

vng qut (scan). Mi vng qut bt u t giai on c d liu t cc cng v vng

m o, tip theo l giai on thc hin chng trnh.

Trong vng qut chng trnh c thc hin bng lnh u tin v kt thc

bng lnh kt thc (MEND).

Sau giai n thc hin chng trnh l giai on truyn thng ni b v kim

li. Vng qut c kt thc bng giai on chuyn cc ni dung t bm o ti cc

cng

ra.

Trong qu trnh thc hin chng trnh nu gp lnh v ra ngay lp tc th h

thng s dng tt c mi cng vic ang thc hin, ngay c chng trnh x l ngt

thc hin lnh ny mt cch trc tip vi cng v ra.Cc chng trnh x l ngt chc thc hin trong vng qut khi xut hin

tn hiu bo ngt v c th xy ra bt cim n trng vng qut.

2) Cu trc chng trnh trong PLC S7-200Cc chng trnh trong PLC S7-200 c cu trc bao gm chng trnh chnh

(main program) v sau n cc chng trnh con v cc chng trnh x l ngt.

Chng trnh chnh c kt thc bng lnh kt thc chng trnh MEND.


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Chng trnh con l mt b phn ca chng trnh chnh v c vit sau lnh

kt thc chng trnh chnh.

Chng trnh x l ngt l mt b phn ca chng trnh chnh. Nu cn s

dng th chng trnh x l ngt phi vit sau lnh kt thc chng trnh chnh.

INT n Chng trnh x l ngt th n

.

.

. RET

Thc hin khi c

tn hiu ngt


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IV.NGN NGLP TRNH CHO S7-200C ba phng php lp trnh cho PLC S7-200 hng Siemens l:

- Lader Logic vit tt LAD- Statement List vit tt STL- Function Block Diagram (FBD).

1) Phng php lp trnh LADLAD l ngn ng l p trnh ho. Cc thnh phn c bn dng trong LAD

tng ng vi cc thnh phn ca bng iu khin bng rle. Trong LAD cc phn t

cbn dng biu din lnh logic nh sau:

Tip im m t cc tip im ca rle. Cc tip im c th l:

Tip im thng m

Tip im thng kn

Hp: biu tng cho nhiu hm khc nhau, n lm vic khi c dng in chy

qua n. Cc hm c biu din bng hp: Timer, Counter v cc hm ton hc.

Cun dy , m t rle v c mc theo chiu dng in cung

cp.

2) Ngn ngSTLPhng php lit k l phng php th hin chng trnh di dng tp hp cc

cu lnh. Phng php ny cho php ngi lp trnh to ra cc chng trnh m vit

bng ngn ng LAD hoc FBD khng vit c do mt s hn ch ca 2 ngn ng ny.

Ngn ng ny c dng ging vi ngn ng lp trnh Assembly

3) Ngn ngFBDNgn ng FBD hin th cc i tng lp trnh bng cc cng logic.


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PHN 4:

MC 2: LP TRNH IU KHIN

Cc phn ch thch v gii thch cho vic s dng cc thnh phn trong mt

network sc vit trong phn comment ca network. Cc yu cu gii thch thm v

chi tit hn sinh vin s bo v trn slide theo yu cu ca gio vin.

(In km theo bo co)


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PHN 5:

SU NI

S KT NI PLC


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SU DY CHO N GIAO THNG V CC TIP IM RLE

X1 n xanh 1

V1 n vng 1

1 n 1

XB1 n xanh b 1

B1 n b 1

X2 n xanh 2

V2 n vng 2

2 n 2

XB2 n xanh b 2

B2n b 2

L N

Do an Den Giao Thong

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